Wall forces produced during ITER disruptions

Nonlinear simulations with the M3D code [W. Park, Phys. Plasmas 6, 1796 (1999)] are performed of disruptions produced by large scale magnetohydrodynamic instabilities. The toroidally asymmetric wall forces produced during a disruption are calculated in an ITER [T. Hender, Nucl. Fusion 47, S128 (2007)] model. The disruption is produced by a vertical displacement event and a kink mode. Expressions are derived for the wall force, including the sideways force, using a thin conducting wall model. The scaling of wall force with γ τ_w is obtained, where γ is the kink growth rate and τ_w is the wall penetration time. The largest force occurs with γ τ_w ≈1. A theory is developed of the wall force produced by kink modes. The theory is in qualitative agreement with the simulations and Joint European Torus [V. Riccardo, Nucl. Fusion 49, 055012 (2009)] experiments. In particular, the theory and simulations give dependence of the sideways on γ τ_w, correlation of sideways force with sideways plasma displacement, and correlation of toroidally varying plasma current with toroidally varying vertical displacement.