Wall conditioning and density control in the reversed field pinch RFX-mod

In the reversed field pinch RFX-mod at the highest plasma current of 2 MA, when error fields are not effectively feedback controlled, localized thermal loads up to tens of MW m^-2 can be produced. The graphite tiles withstand such high power loads, but the high hydrogen retention makes density control extremely difficult. Several wall conditioning techniques have been optimized in the last campaigns, including helium glow discharge cleaning and wall boronization by diborane glow discharges. More recently, lithium conditioning has been applied for the first time in a reversed field pinch by the evaporation technique. The main results are discussed in this paper. Lithization leads to important operational advantages: a significant improvement of the density control is obtained. Densities up to n/nG ≈ 0.5 can be produced in a controlled way. At the same value of input power, plasmas at higher densities can be sustained. However, due to the short particle confinement time, such densities are reached with high rates of gas puffing and the resulting profiles at high density are edge peaked. A lithium multipellet injector, to be applied in order to obtain a more uniform deposition, has been tested.