Two Young Planetary Systems around Field Stars with Ages between 20 and 320 Myr from TESS

George Zhou, Samuel N. Quinn, Jonathan Irwin, Chelsea X. Huang, Karen A. Collins, Luke G. Bouma, Lamisha Khan, Anaka Landrigan, Andrew M. Vanderburg, Joseph E. Rodriguez, David W. Latham, Guillermo Torres, Stephanie T. Douglas, Allyson Bieryla, Gilbert A. Esquerdo, Perry Berlind, Michael L. Calkins, Lars A. Buchhave, David Charbonneau, Kevin I. CollinsJohn F. Kielkopf, Eric L.N. Jensen, Thiam Guan Tan, Rhodes Hart, Brad Carter, Christopher Stockdale, Carl Ziegler, Nicholas Law, Andrew W. Mann, Steve B. Howell, Rachel A. Matson, Nicholas J. Scott, Elise Furlan, Russel J. White, Coel Hellier, David R. Anderson, Richard G. West, George Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, Sara Seager, Jon M. Jenkins, Joshua N. Winn, Ismael Mireles, Pamela Rowden, Daniel A. Yahalomi, Bill Wohler, Clara E. Brasseur, Tansu Daylan, Knicole D. Colón

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

44 Scopus citations

Abstract

Planets around young stars trace the early evolution of planetary systems. We report the discovery and validation of two planetary systems with ages <∼300Myr from observations by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). The 40 V320 Myr old G star TOI-251 hosts a 2.74+0.18-0.18 mini-Neptune with a 4.94 day period. The 20-160 Myr old K star TOI-942 hosts a system of inflated Neptune-sized planets, with TOI-942b orbiting in a period of 4.32 days with a radius of 4.81+0.20-0.20 and TOI-942c orbiting in a period of 10.16 days with a radius of 5.79-0.18+0.19 Though we cannot place either host star into a known stellar association or cluster, we can estimate their ages via their photometric and spectroscopic properties. Both stars exhibit significant photometric variability due to spot modulation, with measured rotation periods of .3.5 days. These stars also exhibit significant chromospheric activity, with age estimates from the chromospheric calcium emission lines and X-ray fluxes matching that estimated from gyrochronology. Both stars also exhibit significant lithium absorption, similar in equivalent width to well-characterized young cluster members. TESS has the potential to deliver a population of young planet-bearing field stars, contributing significantly to tracing the properties of planets as a function of their age.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number2
JournalAstronomical Journal
Volume161
Issue number1
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

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