Abstract
This chapter describes the experimental discoveries of topological phases in three dimensions (3D). It discusses the discovery of the 3D Z2 TI state, which serves as the first topological phase of matter in 3D bulk materials. The chapter elaborates the way of measuring the 3D Z2 topological invariant by spin-Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES). It focuses on experimental efforts in discovering new topological states and new topological phenomena beyond the 3D TI state including topological Kondo insulator (TKI), topological quantum phase transition, topological Dirac semimetals (TDS), magnetic and superconductor TIs, and topological crystalline insulators (TCI), respectively. The 3D topological materials are also being experimentally studied by many groups worldwide using various techniques such as ARPES, scanning tunneling microscopy (STM), transport, and optical methods. Discovering and understanding topological ordered phases of matters in three dimensions constitutes one of the most active research areas in condensed matter physics today.
Original language | English (US) |
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Title of host publication | Topological Insulators |
Subtitle of host publication | Fundamentals and Perspectives |
Publisher | wiley |
Pages | 55-100 |
Number of pages | 46 |
ISBN (Electronic) | 9783527681594 |
ISBN (Print) | 9783527337026 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Feb 6 2015 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- General Engineering
- General Materials Science
Keywords
- Angle-resolved photoemission spectroscopy (ARPES)
- Scanning tunneling microscopy (STM)
- Three dimensional bulk materials
- Topological Dirac semimetals (TDS)
- Topological Kondo insulator (TKI)
- Topological crystalline insulators (TCI)
- Topological quantum phase transition