TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration

Quang H. Tran; Brendan P. Bowler; Michael Endl; William D. Cochran; Phillip J. MacQueen; Davide Gandolfi; Carina M. Persson; Malcolm Fridlund; Enric Palle; Grzegorz Nowak; Hans J. Deeg; Rafael Luque; John H. Livingston; Petr Kabáth; Marek Skarka; Ján Šubjak; Steve B. Howell; Simon H. Albrecht; Karen A. Collins; Massimiliano Esposito; Vincent Van Eylen; Sascha Grziwa; Elisa Goffo; Chelsea X. Huang; Jon M. Jenkins; Marie Karjalainen; Raine Karjalainen; Emil Knudstrup; Judith Korth; Kristine W.F. Lam; David W. Latham; Alan M. Levine; H. L.M. Osborne; Samuel N. Quinn; Seth Redfield; George R. Ricker; S. Seager; Luisa Maria Serrano; Alexis M.S. Smith; Joseph D. Twicken; Joshua N. Winn

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration

Quang H. Tran, Brendan P. Bowler, Michael Endl, William D. Cochran, Phillip J. MacQueen, Davide Gandolfi, Carina M. Persson, Malcolm Fridlund, Enric Palle, Grzegorz Nowak, Hans J. Deeg, Rafael Luque, John H. Livingston, Petr Kabáth, Marek Skarka, Ján Šubjak, Steve B. Howell, Simon H. Albrecht, Karen A. Collins, Massimiliano EspositoVincent Van Eylen, Sascha Grziwa, Elisa Goffo, Chelsea X. Huang, Jon M. Jenkins, Marie Karjalainen, Raine Karjalainen, Emil Knudstrup, Judith Korth, Kristine W.F. Lam, David W. Latham, Alan M. Levine, H. L.M. Osborne, Samuel N. Quinn, Seth Redfield, George R. Ricker, S. Seager, Luisa Maria Serrano, Alexis M.S. Smith, Joseph D. Twicken, Joshua N. Winn

Astrophysical Sciences

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12 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the discovery of two transiting planets around the bright (V = 9.9 mag) main-sequence F7 star TOI-1670 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-1670 b is a sub-Neptune ( Rb=2.06-0.15+0.19 R) on a 10.9 day orbit, and TOI-1670 c is a warm Jupiter ( Rc=0.987-0.025+0.025 R Jup) on a 40.7 day orbit. Using radial velocity observations gathered with the Tull Coudé Spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith telescope and HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, we find a planet mass of Mc=0.63-0.08+0.09 M Jup for the outer warm Jupiter, implying a mean density of ρc=0.81-0.11+0.13 g cm-3. The inner sub-Neptune is undetected in our radial velocity data (M b < 0.13 M Jup at the 99% confidence level). Multiplanet systems like TOI-1670 hosting an outer warm Jupiter on a nearly circular orbit ( ec=0.09-0.04+0.05 ) and one or more inner coplanar planets are more consistent with "gentle"formation mechanisms such as disk migration or in situ formation rather than high-eccentricity migration. Of the 11 known systems with a warm Jupiter and a smaller inner companion, eight (73%) are near a low-order mean-motion resonance, which can be a signature of migration. TOI-1670 joins two other systems (27% of this subsample) with period commensurabilities greater than 3, a common feature of in situ formation or halted inward migration. TOI-1670 and the handful of similar systems support a diversity of formation pathways for warm Jupiters.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	225
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	163
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f
State	Published - May 1 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

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Tran, Q. H., Bowler, B. P., Endl, M., Cochran, W. D., MacQueen, P. J., Gandolfi, D., Persson, C. M., Fridlund, M., Palle, E., Nowak, G., Deeg, H. J., Luque, R., Livingston, J. H., Kabáth, P., Skarka, M., Šubjak, J., Howell, S. B., Albrecht, S. H., Collins, K. A., ... Winn, J. N. (2022). TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration. Astronomical Journal, 163(5), Article 225. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

@article{05e7dcddd8fd471d88fda779b83c4218,

title = "TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration",

abstract = "We report the discovery of two transiting planets around the bright (V = 9.9 mag) main-sequence F7 star TOI-1670 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-1670 b is a sub-Neptune ( Rb=2.06-0.15+0.19 R) on a 10.9 day orbit, and TOI-1670 c is a warm Jupiter ( Rc=0.987-0.025+0.025 R Jup) on a 40.7 day orbit. Using radial velocity observations gathered with the Tull Coud{\'e} Spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith telescope and HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, we find a planet mass of Mc=0.63-0.08+0.09 M Jup for the outer warm Jupiter, implying a mean density of ρc=0.81-0.11+0.13 g cm-3. The inner sub-Neptune is undetected in our radial velocity data (M b < 0.13 M Jup at the 99% confidence level). Multiplanet systems like TOI-1670 hosting an outer warm Jupiter on a nearly circular orbit ( ec=0.09-0.04+0.05 ) and one or more inner coplanar planets are more consistent with {"}gentle{"}formation mechanisms such as disk migration or in situ formation rather than high-eccentricity migration. Of the 11 known systems with a warm Jupiter and a smaller inner companion, eight (73%) are near a low-order mean-motion resonance, which can be a signature of migration. TOI-1670 joins two other systems (27% of this subsample) with period commensurabilities greater than 3, a common feature of in situ formation or halted inward migration. TOI-1670 and the handful of similar systems support a diversity of formation pathways for warm Jupiters.",

author = "Tran, {Quang H.} and Bowler, {Brendan P.} and Michael Endl and Cochran, {William D.} and MacQueen, {Phillip J.} and Davide Gandolfi and Persson, {Carina M.} and Malcolm Fridlund and Enric Palle and Grzegorz Nowak and Deeg, {Hans J.} and Rafael Luque and Livingston, {John H.} and Petr Kab{\'a}th and Marek Skarka and J{\'a}n {\v S}ubjak and Howell, {Steve B.} and Albrecht, {Simon H.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Massimiliano Esposito and {Van Eylen}, Vincent and Sascha Grziwa and Elisa Goffo and Huang, {Chelsea X.} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Marie Karjalainen and Raine Karjalainen and Emil Knudstrup and Judith Korth and Lam, {Kristine W.F.} and Latham, {David W.} and Levine, {Alan M.} and Osborne, {H. L.M.} and Quinn, {Samuel N.} and Seth Redfield and Ricker, {George R.} and S. Seager and Serrano, {Luisa Maria} and Smith, {Alexis M.S.} and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and Winn, {Joshua N.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = may,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "163",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "5",

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Tran, QH, Bowler, BP, Endl, M, Cochran, WD, MacQueen, PJ, Gandolfi, D, Persson, CM, Fridlund, M, Palle, E, Nowak, G, Deeg, HJ, Luque, R, Livingston, JH, Kabáth, P, Skarka, M, Šubjak, J, Howell, SB, Albrecht, SH, Collins, KA, Esposito, M, Van Eylen, V, Grziwa, S, Goffo, E, Huang, CX, Jenkins, JM, Karjalainen, M, Karjalainen, R, Knudstrup, E, Korth, J, Lam, KWF, Latham, DW, Levine, AM, Osborne, HLM, Quinn, SN, Redfield, S, Ricker, GR, Seager, S, Serrano, LM, Smith, AMS, Twicken, JD & Winn, JN 2022, 'TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration', Astronomical Journal, vol. 163, no. 5, 225. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

TY - JOUR

T1 - TOI-1670 b and c

T2 - An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration

AU - Tran, Quang H.

AU - Bowler, Brendan P.

AU - Endl, Michael

AU - Cochran, William D.

AU - MacQueen, Phillip J.

AU - Gandolfi, Davide

AU - Persson, Carina M.

AU - Fridlund, Malcolm

AU - Palle, Enric

AU - Nowak, Grzegorz

AU - Deeg, Hans J.

AU - Luque, Rafael

AU - Livingston, John H.

AU - Kabáth, Petr

AU - Skarka, Marek

AU - Šubjak, Ján

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Albrecht, Simon H.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Esposito, Massimiliano

AU - Van Eylen, Vincent

AU - Grziwa, Sascha

AU - Goffo, Elisa

AU - Huang, Chelsea X.

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Karjalainen, Marie

AU - Karjalainen, Raine

AU - Knudstrup, Emil

AU - Korth, Judith

AU - Lam, Kristine W.F.

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Levine, Alan M.

AU - Osborne, H. L.M.

AU - Quinn, Samuel N.

AU - Redfield, Seth

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Serrano, Luisa Maria

AU - Smith, Alexis M.S.

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

PY - 2022/5/1

Y1 - 2022/5/1

N2 - We report the discovery of two transiting planets around the bright (V = 9.9 mag) main-sequence F7 star TOI-1670 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-1670 b is a sub-Neptune ( Rb=2.06-0.15+0.19 R) on a 10.9 day orbit, and TOI-1670 c is a warm Jupiter ( Rc=0.987-0.025+0.025 R Jup) on a 40.7 day orbit. Using radial velocity observations gathered with the Tull Coudé Spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith telescope and HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, we find a planet mass of Mc=0.63-0.08+0.09 M Jup for the outer warm Jupiter, implying a mean density of ρc=0.81-0.11+0.13 g cm-3. The inner sub-Neptune is undetected in our radial velocity data (M b < 0.13 M Jup at the 99% confidence level). Multiplanet systems like TOI-1670 hosting an outer warm Jupiter on a nearly circular orbit ( ec=0.09-0.04+0.05 ) and one or more inner coplanar planets are more consistent with "gentle"formation mechanisms such as disk migration or in situ formation rather than high-eccentricity migration. Of the 11 known systems with a warm Jupiter and a smaller inner companion, eight (73%) are near a low-order mean-motion resonance, which can be a signature of migration. TOI-1670 joins two other systems (27% of this subsample) with period commensurabilities greater than 3, a common feature of in situ formation or halted inward migration. TOI-1670 and the handful of similar systems support a diversity of formation pathways for warm Jupiters.

AB - We report the discovery of two transiting planets around the bright (V = 9.9 mag) main-sequence F7 star TOI-1670 by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite. TOI-1670 b is a sub-Neptune ( Rb=2.06-0.15+0.19 R) on a 10.9 day orbit, and TOI-1670 c is a warm Jupiter ( Rc=0.987-0.025+0.025 R Jup) on a 40.7 day orbit. Using radial velocity observations gathered with the Tull Coudé Spectrograph on the Harlan J. Smith telescope and HARPS-N on the Telescopio Nazionale Galileo, we find a planet mass of Mc=0.63-0.08+0.09 M Jup for the outer warm Jupiter, implying a mean density of ρc=0.81-0.11+0.13 g cm-3. The inner sub-Neptune is undetected in our radial velocity data (M b < 0.13 M Jup at the 99% confidence level). Multiplanet systems like TOI-1670 hosting an outer warm Jupiter on a nearly circular orbit ( ec=0.09-0.04+0.05 ) and one or more inner coplanar planets are more consistent with "gentle"formation mechanisms such as disk migration or in situ formation rather than high-eccentricity migration. Of the 11 known systems with a warm Jupiter and a smaller inner companion, eight (73%) are near a low-order mean-motion resonance, which can be a signature of migration. TOI-1670 joins two other systems (27% of this subsample) with period commensurabilities greater than 3, a common feature of in situ formation or halted inward migration. TOI-1670 and the handful of similar systems support a diversity of formation pathways for warm Jupiters.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85129611035&partnerID=8YFLogxK

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DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac5c4f

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SN - 0004-6256

VL - 163

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

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M1 - 225

ER -

TOI-1670 b and c: An Inner Sub-Neptune with an Outer Warm Jupiter Unlikely to Have Originated from High-eccentricity Migration

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