TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS

William C. Waalkes; Zachory K. Berta-Thompson; Karen A. Collins; Adina D. Feinstein; Benjamin M. Tofflemire; Bárbara Rojas-Ayala; Michele L. Silverstein; Elisabeth Newton; George R. Ricker; Roland Vanderspek; David W. Latham; S. Seager; Joshua N. Winn; Jon M. Jenkins; Jessie Christiansen; Robert F. Goeke; Alan M. Levine; H. P. Osborn; S. A. Rinehart; Mark E. Rose; Eric B. Ting; Joseph D. Twicken; Khalid Barkaoui; Jacob L. Bean; César Briceo; David R. Ciardi; Kevin I. Collins; Dennis Conti; Tianjun Gan; Michaël Gillon; Giovanni Isopi; Emmanuël Jehin; Eric L.N. Jensen; John F. Kielkopf; Nicholas Law; Franco Mallia; Andrew W. Mann; Benjamin T. Montet; Francisco J. Pozuelos; Howard Relles; Jessica E. Libby-Roberts; Carl Ziegler

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9

TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS

William C. Waalkes, Zachory K. Berta-Thompson, Karen A. Collins, Adina D. Feinstein, Benjamin M. Tofflemire, Bárbara Rojas-Ayala, Michele L. Silverstein, Elisabeth Newton, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, David W. Latham, S. Seager, Joshua N. Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Jessie Christiansen, Robert F. Goeke, Alan M. Levine, H. P. Osborn, S. A. Rinehart, Mark E. RoseEric B. Ting, Joseph D. Twicken, Khalid Barkaoui, Jacob L. Bean, César Briceo, David R. Ciardi, Kevin I. Collins, Dennis Conti, Tianjun Gan, Michaël Gillon, Giovanni Isopi, Emmanuël Jehin, Eric L.N. Jensen, John F. Kielkopf, Nicholas Law, Franco Mallia, Andrew W. Mann, Benjamin T. Montet, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Howard Relles, Jessica E. Libby-Roberts, Carl Ziegler

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Our analysis shows that TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72 ± 0.18 R ⊕ and receives 8.8 ± 1.0 times Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44±0.12 R ⊕ and receives 3.7 ± 0.5 times Earth's insolation, straddling the 6.7 Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the Sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by TESS, even on their 5.08 and 5.43 day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23 ± 0.21 pc and 38.11 ± 0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	13
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	161
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9
State	Published - Jan 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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Waalkes, W. C., Berta-Thompson, Z. K., Collins, K. A., Feinstein, A. D., Tofflemire, B. M., Rojas-Ayala, B., Silverstein, M. L., Newton, E., Ricker, G. R., Vanderspek, R., Latham, D. W., Seager, S., Winn, J. N., Jenkins, J. M., Christiansen, J., Goeke, R. F., Levine, A. M., Osborn, H. P., Rinehart, S. A., ... Ziegler, C. (2021). TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS. Astronomical Journal, 161(1), Article 13. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9

@article{405526d9c02744c5ac062d6cf2aa2c0b,

title = "TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS",

abstract = "We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Our analysis shows that TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72 ± 0.18 R ⊕ and receives 8.8 ± 1.0 times Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44±0.12 R ⊕ and receives 3.7 ± 0.5 times Earth's insolation, straddling the 6.7 Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the Sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by TESS, even on their 5.08 and 5.43 day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23 ± 0.21 pc and 38.11 ± 0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.",

author = "Waalkes, {William C.} and Berta-Thompson, {Zachory K.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Feinstein, {Adina D.} and Tofflemire, {Benjamin M.} and B{\'a}rbara Rojas-Ayala and Silverstein, {Michele L.} and Elisabeth Newton and Ricker, {George R.} and Roland Vanderspek and Latham, {David W.} and S. Seager and Winn, {Joshua N.} and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Jessie Christiansen and Goeke, {Robert F.} and Levine, {Alan M.} and Osborn, {H. P.} and Rinehart, {S. A.} and Rose, {Mark E.} and Ting, {Eric B.} and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and Khalid Barkaoui and Bean, {Jacob L.} and C{\'e}sar Briceo and Ciardi, {David R.} and Collins, {Kevin I.} and Dennis Conti and Tianjun Gan and Micha{\"e}l Gillon and Giovanni Isopi and Emmanu{\"e}l Jehin and Jensen, {Eric L.N.} and Kielkopf, {John F.} and Nicholas Law and Franco Mallia and Mann, {Andrew W.} and Montet, {Benjamin T.} and Pozuelos, {Francisco J.} and Howard Relles and Libby-Roberts, {Jessica E.} and Carl Ziegler",

year = "2021",

month = jan,

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "161",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Waalkes, WC, Berta-Thompson, ZK, Collins, KA, Feinstein, AD, Tofflemire, BM, Rojas-Ayala, B, Silverstein, ML, Newton, E, Ricker, GR, Vanderspek, R, Latham, DW, Seager, S, Winn, JN, Jenkins, JM, Christiansen, J, Goeke, RF, Levine, AM, Osborn, HP, Rinehart, SA, Rose, ME, Ting, EB, Twicken, JD, Barkaoui, K, Bean, JL, Briceo, C, Ciardi, DR, Collins, KI, Conti, D, Gan, T, Gillon, M, Isopi, G, Jehin, E, Jensen, ELN, Kielkopf, JF, Law, N, Mallia, F, Mann, AW, Montet, BT, Pozuelos, FJ, Relles, H, Libby-Roberts, JE & Ziegler, C 2021, 'TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS', Astronomical Journal, vol. 161, no. 1, 13. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9

TY - JOUR

T1 - TOI 122b and TOI 237b

T2 - Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS

AU - Waalkes, William C.

AU - Berta-Thompson, Zachory K.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Feinstein, Adina D.

AU - Tofflemire, Benjamin M.

AU - Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara

AU - Silverstein, Michele L.

AU - Newton, Elisabeth

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Christiansen, Jessie

AU - Goeke, Robert F.

AU - Levine, Alan M.

AU - Osborn, H. P.

AU - Rinehart, S. A.

AU - Rose, Mark E.

AU - Ting, Eric B.

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Bean, Jacob L.

AU - Briceo, César

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Conti, Dennis

AU - Gan, Tianjun

AU - Gillon, Michaël

AU - Isopi, Giovanni

AU - Jehin, Emmanuël

AU - Jensen, Eric L.N.

AU - Kielkopf, John F.

AU - Law, Nicholas

AU - Mallia, Franco

AU - Mann, Andrew W.

AU - Montet, Benjamin T.

AU - Pozuelos, Francisco J.

AU - Relles, Howard

AU - Libby-Roberts, Jessica E.

AU - Ziegler, Carl

PY - 2021/1

Y1 - 2021/1

N2 - We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Our analysis shows that TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72 ± 0.18 R ⊕ and receives 8.8 ± 1.0 times Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44±0.12 R ⊕ and receives 3.7 ± 0.5 times Earth's insolation, straddling the 6.7 Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the Sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by TESS, even on their 5.08 and 5.43 day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23 ± 0.21 pc and 38.11 ± 0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.

AB - We report the discovery and validation of TOI 122b and TOI 237b, two warm planets transiting inactive M dwarfs observed by the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). Our analysis shows that TOI 122b has a radius of 2.72 ± 0.18 R ⊕ and receives 8.8 ± 1.0 times Earth's bolometric insolation, and TOI 237b has a radius of 1.44±0.12 R ⊕ and receives 3.7 ± 0.5 times Earth's insolation, straddling the 6.7 Earth insolation that Mercury receives from the Sun. This makes these two of the cooler planets yet discovered by TESS, even on their 5.08 and 5.43 day orbits. Together, they span the small-planet radius valley, providing useful laboratories for exploring volatile evolution around M dwarfs. Their relatively nearby distances (62.23 ± 0.21 pc and 38.11 ± 0.23 pc, respectively) make them potentially feasible targets for future radial velocity follow-up and atmospheric characterization, although such observations may require substantial investments of time on large telescopes.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85105371416&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85105371416&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/abc3b9

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85105371416

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 161

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 13

ER -

TOI 122b and TOI 237b: Two Small Warm Planets Orbiting Inactive M Dwarfs Found by TESS

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