The use of hydroxyapatite as a new inorganic consolidant for damaged carbonate stones

Enrico Sassoni; Sonia Naidu; George W. Scherer

doi:10.1016/j.culher.2011.02.005

The use of hydroxyapatite as a new inorganic consolidant for damaged carbonate stones

Enrico Sassoni, Sonia Naidu, George W. Scherer

Civil & Environmental Engineering

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

197 Scopus citations

Abstract

The feasibility and the effectiveness of using hydroxyapatite (HAP) formed by reacting limestone with a solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) in mild conditions, as a consolidant for carbonate stones were investigated. Firstly, a novel method for predamaging limestone was developed. Then, the effects of DAP solution concentration and reaction duration were evaluated to define the best treatment conditions, and the strengthening effect was evaluated on artificially damaged Indiana Limestone samples. Treated samples exhibit a significant increase in the dynamic elastic modulus and tensile strength, which is attributed to microcrack reduction and pore filling consequent to formation of calcium phosphate phases at grain boundaries, as assessed by SEM/EDS and ESEM/EBSD. Consequent to a slight reduction of coarser pores, as revealed by MIP, the sorptivity of treated samples is only slightly reduced, so that water and water vapor exchanges with the environment are not significantly blocked.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	346-355
Number of pages	10
Journal	Journal of Cultural Heritage
Volume	12
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2011.02.005
State	Published - Oct 2011

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Chemistry (miscellaneous)
General Economics, Econometrics and Finance
Archaeology
Spectroscopy
Conservation
Computer Science Applications
Materials Science (miscellaneous)

Keywords

Carbonate stones
Consolidation
Dynamic elastic modulus
Hydroxyapatite
Tensile strength

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10.1016/j.culher.2011.02.005

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title = "The use of hydroxyapatite as a new inorganic consolidant for damaged carbonate stones",

abstract = "The feasibility and the effectiveness of using hydroxyapatite (HAP) formed by reacting limestone with a solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) in mild conditions, as a consolidant for carbonate stones were investigated. Firstly, a novel method for predamaging limestone was developed. Then, the effects of DAP solution concentration and reaction duration were evaluated to define the best treatment conditions, and the strengthening effect was evaluated on artificially damaged Indiana Limestone samples. Treated samples exhibit a significant increase in the dynamic elastic modulus and tensile strength, which is attributed to microcrack reduction and pore filling consequent to formation of calcium phosphate phases at grain boundaries, as assessed by SEM/EDS and ESEM/EBSD. Consequent to a slight reduction of coarser pores, as revealed by MIP, the sorptivity of treated samples is only slightly reduced, so that water and water vapor exchanges with the environment are not significantly blocked.",

keywords = "Carbonate stones, Consolidation, Dynamic elastic modulus, Hydroxyapatite, Tensile strength",

author = "Enrico Sassoni and Sonia Naidu and Scherer, {George W.}",

note = "Funding Information: The authors thank the Kress Foundation and the Getty Conservation Institute for financial support. The authors also acknowledge the usage of PRISM Imaging and Analysis Center, which is supported in part by the NSF MRSEC program through the Princeton Center for Complex Materials (grant DMR-0819860). We are also indebted to Dr. George Wheeler (Metropolitan Museum of Art) for the use of the colorimeter. ",

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N2 - The feasibility and the effectiveness of using hydroxyapatite (HAP) formed by reacting limestone with a solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) in mild conditions, as a consolidant for carbonate stones were investigated. Firstly, a novel method for predamaging limestone was developed. Then, the effects of DAP solution concentration and reaction duration were evaluated to define the best treatment conditions, and the strengthening effect was evaluated on artificially damaged Indiana Limestone samples. Treated samples exhibit a significant increase in the dynamic elastic modulus and tensile strength, which is attributed to microcrack reduction and pore filling consequent to formation of calcium phosphate phases at grain boundaries, as assessed by SEM/EDS and ESEM/EBSD. Consequent to a slight reduction of coarser pores, as revealed by MIP, the sorptivity of treated samples is only slightly reduced, so that water and water vapor exchanges with the environment are not significantly blocked.

AB - The feasibility and the effectiveness of using hydroxyapatite (HAP) formed by reacting limestone with a solution of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) in mild conditions, as a consolidant for carbonate stones were investigated. Firstly, a novel method for predamaging limestone was developed. Then, the effects of DAP solution concentration and reaction duration were evaluated to define the best treatment conditions, and the strengthening effect was evaluated on artificially damaged Indiana Limestone samples. Treated samples exhibit a significant increase in the dynamic elastic modulus and tensile strength, which is attributed to microcrack reduction and pore filling consequent to formation of calcium phosphate phases at grain boundaries, as assessed by SEM/EDS and ESEM/EBSD. Consequent to a slight reduction of coarser pores, as revealed by MIP, the sorptivity of treated samples is only slightly reduced, so that water and water vapor exchanges with the environment are not significantly blocked.

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KW - Dynamic elastic modulus

KW - Hydroxyapatite

KW - Tensile strength

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The use of hydroxyapatite as a new inorganic consolidant for damaged carbonate stones

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Keywords

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