The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246

Emma V. Turtelboom, Lauren M. Weiss, Courtney D. Dressing, Grzegorz Nowak, Enric Palle, Corey Beard, Sarah Blunt, Casey Brinkman, Ashley Chontos, Zachary R. Claytor, Fei Dai, Paul A. Dalba, Steven Giacalone, Erica Gonzales, Caleb K. Harada, Michelle L. Hill, Rae Holcomb, Judith Korth, Jack Lubin, Thomas MasseronMason Macdougall, Andrew W. Mayo, Teo Močnik, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Alex S. Polanski, Malena Rice, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Nicholas Scarsdale, Keivan G. Stassun, Dakotah B. Tyler, Judah Van Zandt, Ian J.M. Crossfield, Hans J. Deeg, Benjamin Fulton, Davide Gandolfi, Andrew W. Howard, Dan Huber, Howard Isaacson, Stephen R. Kane, Kristine W.F. Lam, Rafael Luque, Eduardo L. Martin, Giuseppe Morello, Jaume Orell-Miquel, Erik A. Petigura, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Vincent Van Eylen, David Baker, Alexander A. Belinski, Allyson Bieryla, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Neil Cutting, Devin J. Della-Rose, Taylor B. Ellingsen, E. Furlan, Tianjun Gan, Crystal L. Gnilka, Pere Guerra, Steve B. Howell, Mary Jimenez, David W. Latham, Maude Larivière, Kathryn V. Lester, Jorge Lillo-Box, Lindy Luker, Christopher R. Mann, Peter P. Plavchan, Boris Safonov, Brett Skinner, Ivan A. Strakhov, Justin M. Wittrock, Douglas A. Caldwell, Zahra Essack, Jon M. Jenkins, Elisa V. Quintana, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, S. Seager, Joshua N. Winn

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

11 Scopus citations

Abstract

Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R , 2.47 ± 0.08 R , 3.46 ± 0.09 R , and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M , 8.8 ± 1.2 M , 5.3 ± 1.7 M , and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm-3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M . This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Article number293
JournalAstronomical Journal
Volume163
Issue number6
DOIs
StatePublished - Jun 1 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Astronomy and Astrophysics
  • Space and Planetary Science

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