The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246

Emma V. Turtelboom; Lauren M. Weiss; Courtney D. Dressing; Grzegorz Nowak; Enric Palle; Corey Beard; Sarah Blunt; Casey Brinkman; Ashley Chontos; Zachary R. Claytor; Fei Dai; Paul A. Dalba; Steven Giacalone; Erica Gonzales; Caleb K. Harada; Michelle L. Hill; Rae Holcomb; Judith Korth; Jack Lubin; Thomas Masseron; Mason Macdougall; Andrew W. Mayo; Teo Močnik; Joseph M. Akana Murphy; Alex S. Polanski; Malena Rice; Ryan A. Rubenzahl; Nicholas Scarsdale; Keivan G. Stassun; Dakotah B. Tyler; Judah Van Zandt; Ian J.M. Crossfield; Hans J. Deeg; Benjamin Fulton; Davide Gandolfi; Andrew W. Howard; Dan Huber; Howard Isaacson; Stephen R. Kane; Kristine W.F. Lam; Rafael Luque; Eduardo L. Martin; Giuseppe Morello; Jaume Orell-Miquel; Erik A. Petigura; Paul Robertson; Arpita Roy; Vincent Van Eylen; David Baker; Alexander A. Belinski; Allyson Bieryla; David R. Ciardi; Karen A. Collins; Neil Cutting; Devin J. Della-Rose; Taylor B. Ellingsen; E. Furlan; Tianjun Gan; Crystal L. Gnilka; Pere Guerra; Steve B. Howell; Mary Jimenez; David W. Latham; Maude Larivière; Kathryn V. Lester; Jorge Lillo-Box; Lindy Luker; Christopher R. Mann; Peter P. Plavchan; Boris Safonov; Brett Skinner; Ivan A. Strakhov; Justin M. Wittrock; Douglas A. Caldwell; Zahra Essack; Jon M. Jenkins; Elisa V. Quintana; George R. Ricker; Roland Vanderspek; S. Seager; Joshua N. Winn

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246

Emma V. Turtelboom, Lauren M. Weiss, Courtney D. Dressing, Grzegorz Nowak, Enric Palle, Corey Beard, Sarah Blunt, Casey Brinkman, Ashley Chontos, Zachary R. Claytor, Fei Dai, Paul A. Dalba, Steven Giacalone, Erica Gonzales, Caleb K. Harada, Michelle L. Hill, Rae Holcomb, Judith Korth, Jack Lubin, Thomas MasseronMason Macdougall, Andrew W. Mayo, Teo Močnik, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Alex S. Polanski, Malena Rice, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Nicholas Scarsdale, Keivan G. Stassun, Dakotah B. Tyler, Judah Van Zandt, Ian J.M. Crossfield, Hans J. Deeg, Benjamin Fulton, Davide Gandolfi, Andrew W. Howard, Dan Huber, Howard Isaacson, Stephen R. Kane, Kristine W.F. Lam, Rafael Luque, Eduardo L. Martin, Giuseppe Morello, Jaume Orell-Miquel, Erik A. Petigura, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Vincent Van Eylen, David Baker, Alexander A. Belinski, Allyson Bieryla, David R. Ciardi, Karen A. Collins, Neil Cutting, Devin J. Della-Rose, Taylor B. Ellingsen, E. Furlan, Tianjun Gan, Crystal L. Gnilka, Pere Guerra, Steve B. Howell, Mary Jimenez, David W. Latham, Maude Larivière, Kathryn V. Lester, Jorge Lillo-Box, Lindy Luker, Christopher R. Mann, Peter P. Plavchan, Boris Safonov, Brett Skinner, Ivan A. Strakhov, Justin M. Wittrock, Douglas A. Caldwell, Zahra Essack, Jon M. Jenkins, Elisa V. Quintana, George R. Ricker, Roland Vanderspek, S. Seager, Joshua N. Winn

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R , 2.47 ± 0.08 R , 3.46 ± 0.09 R , and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M , 8.8 ± 1.2 M , 5.3 ± 1.7 M , and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm-3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M . This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	293
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	163
Issue number	6
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5
State	Published - Jun 1 2022

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

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Turtelboom, E. V., Weiss, L. M., Dressing, C. D., Nowak, G., Palle, E., Beard, C., Blunt, S., Brinkman, C., Chontos, A., Claytor, Z. R., Dai, F., Dalba, P. A., Giacalone, S., Gonzales, E., Harada, C. K., Hill, M. L., Holcomb, R., Korth, J., Lubin, J., ... Winn, J. N. (2022). The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246. Astronomical Journal, 163(6), Article 293. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

@article{4c2e485ed2e04002b27c0aae266efe97,

title = "The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246",

abstract = "Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R , 2.47 ± 0.08 R , 3.46 ± 0.09 R , and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M , 8.8 ± 1.2 M , 5.3 ± 1.7 M , and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm-3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M . This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.",

author = "Turtelboom, {Emma V.} and Weiss, {Lauren M.} and Dressing, {Courtney D.} and Grzegorz Nowak and Enric Palle and Corey Beard and Sarah Blunt and Casey Brinkman and Ashley Chontos and Claytor, {Zachary R.} and Fei Dai and Dalba, {Paul A.} and Steven Giacalone and Erica Gonzales and Harada, {Caleb K.} and Hill, {Michelle L.} and Rae Holcomb and Judith Korth and Jack Lubin and Thomas Masseron and Mason Macdougall and Mayo, {Andrew W.} and Teo Mo{\v c}nik and {Akana Murphy}, {Joseph M.} and Polanski, {Alex S.} and Malena Rice and Rubenzahl, {Ryan A.} and Nicholas Scarsdale and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Tyler, {Dakotah B.} and Zandt, {Judah Van} and Crossfield, {Ian J.M.} and Deeg, {Hans J.} and Benjamin Fulton and Davide Gandolfi and Howard, {Andrew W.} and Dan Huber and Howard Isaacson and Kane, {Stephen R.} and Lam, {Kristine W.F.} and Rafael Luque and Martin, {Eduardo L.} and Giuseppe Morello and Jaume Orell-Miquel and Petigura, {Erik A.} and Paul Robertson and Arpita Roy and {Van Eylen}, Vincent and David Baker and Belinski, {Alexander A.} and Allyson Bieryla and Ciardi, {David R.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Neil Cutting and Della-Rose, {Devin J.} and Ellingsen, {Taylor B.} and E. Furlan and Tianjun Gan and Gnilka, {Crystal L.} and Pere Guerra and Howell, {Steve B.} and Mary Jimenez and Latham, {David W.} and Maude Larivi{\`e}re and Lester, {Kathryn V.} and Jorge Lillo-Box and Lindy Luker and Mann, {Christopher R.} and Plavchan, {Peter P.} and Boris Safonov and Brett Skinner and Strakhov, {Ivan A.} and Wittrock, {Justin M.} and Caldwell, {Douglas A.} and Zahra Essack and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Quintana, {Elisa V.} and Ricker, {George R.} and Roland Vanderspek and S. Seager and Winn, {Joshua N.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society.",

year = "2022",

month = jun,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "163",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "6",

}

Turtelboom, EV, Weiss, LM, Dressing, CD, Nowak, G, Palle, E, Beard, C, Blunt, S, Brinkman, C, Chontos, A, Claytor, ZR, Dai, F, Dalba, PA, Giacalone, S, Gonzales, E, Harada, CK, Hill, ML, Holcomb, R, Korth, J, Lubin, J, Masseron, T, Macdougall, M, Mayo, AW, Močnik, T, Akana Murphy, JM, Polanski, AS, Rice, M, Rubenzahl, RA, Scarsdale, N, Stassun, KG, Tyler, DB, Zandt, JV, Crossfield, IJM, Deeg, HJ, Fulton, B, Gandolfi, D, Howard, AW, Huber, D, Isaacson, H, Kane, SR, Lam, KWF, Luque, R, Martin, EL, Morello, G, Orell-Miquel, J, Petigura, EA, Robertson, P, Roy, A, Van Eylen, V, Baker, D, Belinski, AA, Bieryla, A, Ciardi, DR, Collins, KA, Cutting, N, Della-Rose, DJ, Ellingsen, TB, Furlan, E, Gan, T, Gnilka, CL, Guerra, P, Howell, SB, Jimenez, M, Latham, DW, Larivière, M, Lester, KV, Lillo-Box, J, Luker, L, Mann, CR, Plavchan, PP, Safonov, B, Skinner, B, Strakhov, IA, Wittrock, JM, Caldwell, DA, Essack, Z, Jenkins, JM, Quintana, EV, Ricker, GR, Vanderspek, R, Seager, S & Winn, JN 2022, 'The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246', Astronomical Journal, vol. 163, no. 6, 293. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

TY - JOUR

T1 - The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246

AU - Turtelboom, Emma V.

AU - Weiss, Lauren M.

AU - Dressing, Courtney D.

AU - Nowak, Grzegorz

AU - Palle, Enric

AU - Beard, Corey

AU - Blunt, Sarah

AU - Brinkman, Casey

AU - Chontos, Ashley

AU - Claytor, Zachary R.

AU - Dai, Fei

AU - Dalba, Paul A.

AU - Giacalone, Steven

AU - Gonzales, Erica

AU - Harada, Caleb K.

AU - Hill, Michelle L.

AU - Holcomb, Rae

AU - Korth, Judith

AU - Lubin, Jack

AU - Masseron, Thomas

AU - Macdougall, Mason

AU - Mayo, Andrew W.

AU - Močnik, Teo

AU - Akana Murphy, Joseph M.

AU - Polanski, Alex S.

AU - Rice, Malena

AU - Rubenzahl, Ryan A.

AU - Scarsdale, Nicholas

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Tyler, Dakotah B.

AU - Zandt, Judah Van

AU - Crossfield, Ian J.M.

AU - Deeg, Hans J.

AU - Fulton, Benjamin

AU - Gandolfi, Davide

AU - Howard, Andrew W.

AU - Huber, Dan

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Kane, Stephen R.

AU - Lam, Kristine W.F.

AU - Luque, Rafael

AU - Martin, Eduardo L.

AU - Morello, Giuseppe

AU - Orell-Miquel, Jaume

AU - Petigura, Erik A.

AU - Robertson, Paul

AU - Roy, Arpita

AU - Van Eylen, Vincent

AU - Baker, David

AU - Belinski, Alexander A.

AU - Bieryla, Allyson

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Cutting, Neil

AU - Della-Rose, Devin J.

AU - Ellingsen, Taylor B.

AU - Furlan, E.

AU - Gan, Tianjun

AU - Gnilka, Crystal L.

AU - Guerra, Pere

AU - Howell, Steve B.

AU - Jimenez, Mary

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Larivière, Maude

AU - Lester, Kathryn V.

AU - Lillo-Box, Jorge

AU - Luker, Lindy

AU - Mann, Christopher R.

AU - Plavchan, Peter P.

AU - Safonov, Boris

AU - Skinner, Brett

AU - Strakhov, Ivan A.

AU - Wittrock, Justin M.

AU - Caldwell, Douglas A.

AU - Essack, Zahra

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Quintana, Elisa V.

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

PY - 2022/6/1

Y1 - 2022/6/1

N2 - Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R , 2.47 ± 0.08 R , 3.46 ± 0.09 R , and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M , 8.8 ± 1.2 M , 5.3 ± 1.7 M , and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm-3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M . This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.

AB - Multiplanet systems are valuable arenas for investigating exoplanet architectures and comparing planetary siblings. TOI-1246 is one such system, with a moderately bright K dwarf (V = 11.6, K = 9.9) and four transiting sub-Neptunes identified by TESS with orbital periods of 4.31, 5.90, 18.66, and 37.92 days. We collected 130 radial velocity observations with Keck/HIRES and TNG/HARPS-N to measure planet masses. We refit the 14 sectors of TESS photometry to refine planet radii (2.97 ± 0.06 R , 2.47 ± 0.08 R , 3.46 ± 0.09 R , and 3.72 ± 0.16 R ) and confirm the four planets. We find that TOI-1246 e is substantially more massive than the three inner planets (8.1 ± 1.1 M , 8.8 ± 1.2 M , 5.3 ± 1.7 M , and 14.8 ± 2.3 M ). The two outer planets, TOI-1246 d and TOI-1246 e, lie near to the 2:1 resonance (P e/P d = 2.03) and exhibit transit-timing variations. TOI-1246 is one of the brightest four-planet systems, making it amenable for continued observations. It is one of only five systems with measured masses and radii for all four transiting planets. The planet densities range from 0.70 ± 0.24 to 3.21 ± 0.44 g cm-3, implying a range of bulk and atmospheric compositions. We also report a fifth planet candidate found in the RV data with a minimum mass of 25.6 ± 3.6 M . This planet candidate is exterior to TOI-1246 e, with a candidate period of 93.8 days, and we discuss the implications if it is confirmed to be planetary in nature.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85131569988&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85131569988&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac69e5

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85131569988

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 163

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 6

M1 - 293

ER -

The TESS-Keck Survey. XI. Mass Measurements for Four Transiting Sub-Neptunes Orbiting K Dwarf TOI-1246

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