@article{c52bca84290c4507ba608554e0f23ea3,
title = "The structure and spontaneous curvature of clathrin lattices at the plasma membrane",
abstract = "Clathrin-mediated endocytosis is the primary pathway for receptor and cargo internalization in eukaryotic cells. It is characterized by a polyhedral clathrin lattice that coats budding membranes. The mechanism and control of lattice assembly, curvature, and vesicle formation at the plasma membrane has been a matter of long-standing debate. Here, we use platinum replica and cryoelectron microscopy and tomography to present a structural framework of the pathway. We determine the shape and size parameters common to clathrin-mediated endocytosis. We show that clathrin sites maintain a constant surface area during curvature across multiple cell lines. Flat clathrin is present in all cells and spontaneously curves into coated pits without additional energy sources or recruited factors. Finally, we attribute curvature generation to loosely connected and pentagon-containing flat lattices that can rapidly curve when a flattening force is released. Together, these data present a universal mechanistic model of clathrin-mediated endocytosis.",
keywords = "clathrin, cryoelectron microscopy, endocytosis, plaques, platinum replica electron microscopy, tomography",
author = "Sochacki, {Kem A.} and Heine, {Bridgette L.} and Haber, {Gideon J.} and Jimah, {John R.} and Bijeta Prasai and Alfonzo-M{\'e}ndez, {Marco A.} and Roberts, {Aleah D.} and Agila Somasundaram and Hinshaw, {Jenny E.} and Taraska, {Justin W.}",
note = "Funding Information: This work utilized the NIH Multi-Institute cryo-EM facility (MICEF), the NIDDK cryo-EM facility, the NHLBI electron microscopy, and the NHLBI light microscopy cores. Specifically, we thank Huaibin Wang and Heifeng He for help in the cryo-EM facilities, John Heuser for helpful discussion, and Ethan Tyler of NIH Medical Arts Department for the creation of Figure 7 . Special thanks to the late Yael Mutsafi who helped inspire part of this work. J.W.T. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute , National Institutes of Health . J.E.H. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institutes of Health . Funding Information: This work utilized the NIH Multi-Institute cryo-EM facility (MICEF), the NIDDK cryo-EM facility, the NHLBI electron microscopy, and the NHLBI light microscopy cores. Specifically, we thank Huaibin Wang and Heifeng He for help in the cryo-EM facilities, John Heuser for helpful discussion, and Ethan Tyler of NIH Medical Arts Department for the creation of Figure 7. Special thanks to the late Yael Mutsafi who helped inspire part of this work. J.W.T. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Heart Lung and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health. J.E.H. is supported by the Intramural Research Program of the National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health. K.A.S. and J.W.T. designed experiments. B.L.H. K.A.S. B.P. M.A.A.-M. A.D.R. and A.S. acquired platinum replica data. J.W.T. B.L.H. and K.A.S. segmented and analyzed platinum replica data. G.J.H. and K.A.S. wrote programs for analysis. B.L.H. performed spontaneous curvature experiments. J.E.H. K.A.S. and J.R.J. designed cryo experiments. K.A.S. and J.R.J. acquired cryo data. K.A.S. analyzed cryo data. K.A.S. and B.L.H. did fluorescence experiments. K.A.S. wrote and J.W.T. edited the manuscript. All authors commented on the text. After their contribution to this manuscript, some authors have become affiliated with other institutions as students: U. Maryland (B.L.H.), Washington University in St. Louis (G.J.H.), or as staff: Lurie Children's Hospital, Chicago, IL (A.S.). The authors declare no competing interests. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2021",
year = "2021",
month = apr,
day = "19",
doi = "10.1016/j.devcel.2021.03.017",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "56",
pages = "1131--1146.e3",
journal = "Developmental Cell",
issn = "1534-5807",
publisher = "Cell Press",
number = "8",
}