@article{24e893972b384cffa4bb21f2cd287d15,
title = "The structural basis of Rubisco phase separation in the pyrenoid",
abstract = "Approximately one-third of global CO2 fixation occurs in a phase-separated algal organelle called the pyrenoid. The existing data suggest that the pyrenoid forms by the phase separation of the CO2-fixing enzyme Rubisco with a linker protein; however, the molecular interactions underlying this phase separation remain unknown. Here we present the structural basis of the interactions between Rubisco and its intrinsically disordered linker protein Essential Pyrenoid Component 1 (EPYC1) in the model alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. We find that EPYC1 consists of five evenly spaced Rubisco-binding regions that share sequence similarity. Single-particle cryo-electron microscopy of these regions in complex with Rubisco indicates that each Rubisco holoenzyme has eight binding sites for EPYC1, one on each Rubisco small subunit. Interface mutations disrupt binding, phase separation and pyrenoid formation. Cryo-electron tomography supports a model in which EPYC1 and Rubisco form a codependent multivalent network of specific low-affinity bonds, giving the matrix liquid-like properties. Our results advance the structural and functional understanding of the phase separation underlying the pyrenoid, an organelle that plays a fundamental role in the global carbon cycle.",
author = "Shan He and Chou, {Hui Ting} and Doreen Matthies and Tobias Wunder and Meyer, {Moritz T.} and Nicky Atkinson and Antonio Martinez-Sanchez and Jeffrey, {Philip D.} and Port, {Sarah A.} and Weronika Patena and Guanhua He and Chen, {Vivian K.} and Hughson, {Frederick M.} and McCormick, {Alistair J.} and Oliver Mueller-Cajar and Engel, {Benjamin D.} and Zhiheng Yu and Jonikas, {Martin C.}",
note = "Funding Information: We thank J. Wu, N. Yan, L. Mackinder, C. Brangwynne and members of the Jonikas laboratory for helpful discussions; N. Wingreen, S. Ramundo, J. Hennacy, E. Franklin and A. Wilson for constructive feedback on the manuscript; W. Baumeister and J. Plitzko for providing support and cryo-electron tomography instrumentation; and M. Schaffer for help with acquiring the cryo-electron tomography data, previously published in ref. 5. This project was funded by National Science Foundation (nos IOS-1359682 and MCB-1935444), National Institutes of Health (no. DP2-GM-119137), and Simons Foundation and Howard Hughes Medical Institute (no. 55108535) grants to M.C.J.; a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft grant (EN 1194/1-1 as part of FOR2092) to B.D.E.; a Ministry of Education (MOE Singapore) Tier 2 grant (no. MOE2018-T2-2-059) to O.M.-C.; UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (no. BB/ S015531/1) and Leverhulme Trust (no. RPG-2017-402) grants to A.J.M. and N.A.; NIH grant no. R01GM071574 to F.M.H.; a Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft fellowship (no. PO2195/1-1) to S.A.P.; and a National Institute of General Medical Sciences of the National Institutes of Health (no. T32GM007276) training grant to V.K.C. The content is solely the responsibility of the authors and does not necessarily represent the official view of the National Institutes of Health. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature Limited.",
year = "2020",
month = dec,
doi = "10.1038/s41477-020-00811-y",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "6",
pages = "1480--1490",
journal = "Nature Plants",
issn = "2055-026X",
publisher = "Palgrave Macmillan Ltd.",
number = "12",
}