The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers

Eve M. Vavagiakis; Zeeshan Ahmed; Aamir Ali; Kam Arnold; Jason Austermann; Sarah Marie Bruno; Steve K. Choi; Jake Connors; Nicholas Cothard; Simon Dicker; Brad Dober; Shannon Duff; Valentina Fanfani; Erin Healy; Shawn Henderson; Shuay Pwu Patty Ho; Duc Thuong Hoang; Gene Hilton; Johannes Hubmayr; Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff; Yaqiong Li; John Mates; Heather McCarrick; Federico Nati; Michael Niemack; Maximiliano Silva-Feaver; Suzanne Staggs; Jason Stevens; Mike Vissers; Joel Ullom; Kasey Wagoner; Zhilei Xu; Ningfeng Zhu

doi:10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294

The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers

Eve M. Vavagiakis, Zeeshan Ahmed, Aamir Ali, Kam Arnold, Jason Austermann, Sarah Marie Bruno, Steve K. Choi, Jake Connors, Nicholas Cothard, Simon Dicker, Brad Dober, Shannon Duff, Valentina Fanfani, Erin Healy, Shawn Henderson, Shuay Pwu Patty Ho, Duc Thuong Hoang, Gene Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, Nicoletta KrachmalnicoffYaqiong Li, John Mates, Heather McCarrick, Federico Nati, Michael Niemack, Maximiliano Silva-Feaver, Suzanne Staggs, Jason Stevens, Mike Vissers, Joel Ullom, Kasey Wagoner, Zhilei Xu, Ningfeng Zhu

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field $\sim$70,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz in order to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological quantities. The SO Universal Focal Plane Modules (UFMs) each contain a 150 mm diameter TES detector array, horn or lenslet optical coupling, cold readout components, and magnetic shielding. SO will use a microwave SQUID multiplexing ($\mu$MUX) readout at an initial multiplexing factor of $\sim$1000; the cold (100 mK) readout components are packaged in a $\mu$MUX readout module, which is part of the UFM, and can also be characterized independently. The 100 mK stage TES bolometer arrays and microwave SQUIDs are sensitive to magnetic fields, and their measured response will vary with the degree to which they are magnetically shielded. We present measurements of the magnetic pickup of test microwave SQUID multiplexers as a study of various shielding configurations for the Simons Observatory. We discuss how these measurements motivated the material choice and design of the UFM magnetic shielding.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	9388904
Journal	IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity
Volume	31
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294
State	Published - Aug 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Electronic, Optical and Magnetic Materials
Condensed Matter Physics
Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Keywords

Magnetic field dependence
SQUIDs
microwave multiplexing
supercondcuting detectors

Access to Document

10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294

Cite this

Vavagiakis, E. M., Ahmed, Z., Ali, A., Arnold, K., Austermann, J., Bruno, S. M., Choi, S. K., Connors, J., Cothard, N., Dicker, S., Dober, B., Duff, S., Fanfani, V., Healy, E., Henderson, S., Ho, S. P. P., Hoang, D. T., Hilton, G., Hubmayr, J., ... Zhu, N. (2021). The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers. IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, 31(5), [9388904]. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294

Vavagiakis, Eve M. ; Ahmed, Zeeshan ; Ali, Aamir ; Arnold, Kam ; Austermann, Jason ; Bruno, Sarah Marie ; Choi, Steve K. ; Connors, Jake ; Cothard, Nicholas ; Dicker, Simon ; Dober, Brad ; Duff, Shannon ; Fanfani, Valentina ; Healy, Erin ; Henderson, Shawn ; Ho, Shuay Pwu Patty ; Hoang, Duc Thuong ; Hilton, Gene ; Hubmayr, Johannes ; Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta ; Li, Yaqiong ; Mates, John ; McCarrick, Heather ; Nati, Federico ; Niemack, Michael ; Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano ; Staggs, Suzanne ; Stevens, Jason ; Vissers, Mike ; Ullom, Joel ; Wagoner, Kasey ; Xu, Zhilei ; Zhu, Ningfeng. / The Simons Observatory : Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers. In: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity. 2021 ; Vol. 31, No. 5.

@article{6ff93e8e4a2946278e6aafd9901a24b3,

title = "The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers",

abstract = "The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field $\sim$70,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz in order to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological quantities. The SO Universal Focal Plane Modules (UFMs) each contain a 150 mm diameter TES detector array, horn or lenslet optical coupling, cold readout components, and magnetic shielding. SO will use a microwave SQUID multiplexing ($\mu$MUX) readout at an initial multiplexing factor of $\sim$1000; the cold (100 mK) readout components are packaged in a $\mu$MUX readout module, which is part of the UFM, and can also be characterized independently. The 100 mK stage TES bolometer arrays and microwave SQUIDs are sensitive to magnetic fields, and their measured response will vary with the degree to which they are magnetically shielded. We present measurements of the magnetic pickup of test microwave SQUID multiplexers as a study of various shielding configurations for the Simons Observatory. We discuss how these measurements motivated the material choice and design of the UFM magnetic shielding. ",

keywords = "Magnetic field dependence, SQUIDs, microwave multiplexing, supercondcuting detectors",

author = "Vavagiakis, {Eve M.} and Zeeshan Ahmed and Aamir Ali and Kam Arnold and Jason Austermann and Bruno, {Sarah Marie} and Choi, {Steve K.} and Jake Connors and Nicholas Cothard and Simon Dicker and Brad Dober and Shannon Duff and Valentina Fanfani and Erin Healy and Shawn Henderson and Ho, {Shuay Pwu Patty} and Hoang, {Duc Thuong} and Gene Hilton and Johannes Hubmayr and Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff and Yaqiong Li and John Mates and Heather McCarrick and Federico Nati and Michael Niemack and Maximiliano Silva-Feaver and Suzanne Staggs and Jason Stevens and Mike Vissers and Joel Ullom and Kasey Wagoner and Zhilei Xu and Ningfeng Zhu",

note = "Funding Information: Manuscript received November 27, 2020; revised February 16, 2021; accepted March 20, 2021. Date of publication March 29, 2021; date of current version May 14, 2021. This work was supported in part by the Simons Foundation under Award 457687, B.K., and in part by NSF Grant AST-1454881. The work of Steve K. Choi support from the Cornell Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship and NSF under Award AST-2001866. The work of Zhilei Xu is supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. (Corresponding author: Eve M. Vavagiakis.) Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas Cothard, Duc-Thuong Hoang, Yaqiong Li, Michael Niemack, and Jason Stevens are with Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Zeeshan Ahmed and Shawn Henderson are with the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA and also with the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Aamir Ali is with the University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kam Arnold and Maximiliano Silva-Feaver are with the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Jason Austermann, Jake Connors, Brad Dober, Shannon Duff, Gene Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, John Mates, Mike Vissers, and Joel Ullom are with NIST Quantum Sensors Group, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Sarah Marie Bruno, Erin Healy, Heather McCarrick, Suzanne Staggs, and Kasey Wagoner are with Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Simon Dicker and Ningfeng Zhu are with the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Valentina Fanfani and Federico Nati are with the University of Milano - Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy. Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho is with Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff is with the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy. Zhilei Xu is with the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA and also with the MIT Kavli Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Color versions of one or more figures in this article are available at https: //doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294 Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2002-2011 IEEE.",

year = "2021",

month = aug,

doi = "10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "31",

journal = "IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity",

issn = "1051-8223",

publisher = "Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inc.",

number = "5",

}

Vavagiakis, EM, Ahmed, Z, Ali, A, Arnold, K, Austermann, J, Bruno, SM, Choi, SK, Connors, J, Cothard, N, Dicker, S, Dober, B, Duff, S, Fanfani, V, Healy, E, Henderson, S, Ho, SPP, Hoang, DT, Hilton, G, Hubmayr, J, Krachmalnicoff, N, Li, Y, Mates, J, McCarrick, H, Nati, F, Niemack, M, Silva-Feaver, M, Staggs, S, Stevens, J, Vissers, M, Ullom, J, Wagoner, K, Xu, Z & Zhu, N 2021, 'The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers', IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, vol. 31, no. 5, 9388904. https://doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294

The Simons Observatory : Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers. / Vavagiakis, Eve M.; Ahmed, Zeeshan; Ali, Aamir; Arnold, Kam; Austermann, Jason; Bruno, Sarah Marie; Choi, Steve K.; Connors, Jake; Cothard, Nicholas; Dicker, Simon; Dober, Brad; Duff, Shannon; Fanfani, Valentina; Healy, Erin; Henderson, Shawn; Ho, Shuay Pwu Patty; Hoang, Duc Thuong; Hilton, Gene; Hubmayr, Johannes; Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta; Li, Yaqiong; Mates, John; McCarrick, Heather; Nati, Federico; Niemack, Michael; Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano; Staggs, Suzanne; Stevens, Jason; Vissers, Mike; Ullom, Joel; Wagoner, Kasey; Xu, Zhilei; Zhu, Ningfeng.

In: IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 31, No. 5, 9388904, 08.2021.

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Simons Observatory

T2 - Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers

AU - Vavagiakis, Eve M.

AU - Ahmed, Zeeshan

AU - Ali, Aamir

AU - Arnold, Kam

AU - Austermann, Jason

AU - Bruno, Sarah Marie

AU - Choi, Steve K.

AU - Connors, Jake

AU - Cothard, Nicholas

AU - Dicker, Simon

AU - Dober, Brad

AU - Duff, Shannon

AU - Fanfani, Valentina

AU - Healy, Erin

AU - Henderson, Shawn

AU - Ho, Shuay Pwu Patty

AU - Hoang, Duc Thuong

AU - Hilton, Gene

AU - Hubmayr, Johannes

AU - Krachmalnicoff, Nicoletta

AU - Li, Yaqiong

AU - Mates, John

AU - McCarrick, Heather

AU - Nati, Federico

AU - Niemack, Michael

AU - Silva-Feaver, Maximiliano

AU - Staggs, Suzanne

AU - Stevens, Jason

AU - Vissers, Mike

AU - Ullom, Joel

AU - Wagoner, Kasey

AU - Xu, Zhilei

AU - Zhu, Ningfeng

N1 - Funding Information: Manuscript received November 27, 2020; revised February 16, 2021; accepted March 20, 2021. Date of publication March 29, 2021; date of current version May 14, 2021. This work was supported in part by the Simons Foundation under Award 457687, B.K., and in part by NSF Grant AST-1454881. The work of Steve K. Choi support from the Cornell Presidential Postdoctoral Fellowship and NSF under Award AST-2001866. The work of Zhilei Xu is supported by the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. (Corresponding author: Eve M. Vavagiakis.) Eve M. Vavagiakis, Steve K. Choi, Nicholas Cothard, Duc-Thuong Hoang, Yaqiong Li, Michael Niemack, and Jason Stevens are with Cornell University, Ithaca, NY 14853 USA. Zeeshan Ahmed and Shawn Henderson are with the Kavli Institute for Particle Astrophysics and Cosmology, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA and also with the SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025 USA. Aamir Ali is with the University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720 USA. Kam Arnold and Maximiliano Silva-Feaver are with the University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093 USA. Jason Austermann, Jake Connors, Brad Dober, Shannon Duff, Gene Hilton, Johannes Hubmayr, John Mates, Mike Vissers, and Joel Ullom are with NIST Quantum Sensors Group, Boulder, CO 80305 USA. Sarah Marie Bruno, Erin Healy, Heather McCarrick, Suzanne Staggs, and Kasey Wagoner are with Princeton University, Princeton, NJ 08544 USA. Simon Dicker and Ningfeng Zhu are with the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA. Valentina Fanfani and Federico Nati are with the University of Milano - Bicocca, 20126 Milano, Italy. Shuay-Pwu Patty Ho is with Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305 USA. Nicoletta Krachmalnicoff is with the International School for Advanced Studies (SISSA), 34136 Trieste, Italy. Zhilei Xu is with the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104 USA and also with the MIT Kavli Institute, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA. Color versions of one or more figures in this article are available at https: //doi.org/10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294. Digital Object Identifier 10.1109/TASC.2021.3069294 Publisher Copyright: © 2002-2011 IEEE.

PY - 2021/8

Y1 - 2021/8

N2 - The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field $\sim$70,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz in order to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological quantities. The SO Universal Focal Plane Modules (UFMs) each contain a 150 mm diameter TES detector array, horn or lenslet optical coupling, cold readout components, and magnetic shielding. SO will use a microwave SQUID multiplexing ($\mu$MUX) readout at an initial multiplexing factor of $\sim$1000; the cold (100 mK) readout components are packaged in a $\mu$MUX readout module, which is part of the UFM, and can also be characterized independently. The 100 mK stage TES bolometer arrays and microwave SQUIDs are sensitive to magnetic fields, and their measured response will vary with the degree to which they are magnetically shielded. We present measurements of the magnetic pickup of test microwave SQUID multiplexers as a study of various shielding configurations for the Simons Observatory. We discuss how these measurements motivated the material choice and design of the UFM magnetic shielding.

AB - The Simons Observatory (SO) will be a cosmic microwave background (CMB) survey experiment with three small-aperture telescopes and one large-aperture telescope, which will observe from the Atacama Desert in Chile. In total, SO will field $\sim$70,000 transition-edge sensor (TES) bolometers in six spectral bands centered between 27 and 280 GHz in order to achieve the sensitivity necessary to measure or constrain numerous cosmological quantities. The SO Universal Focal Plane Modules (UFMs) each contain a 150 mm diameter TES detector array, horn or lenslet optical coupling, cold readout components, and magnetic shielding. SO will use a microwave SQUID multiplexing ($\mu$MUX) readout at an initial multiplexing factor of $\sim$1000; the cold (100 mK) readout components are packaged in a $\mu$MUX readout module, which is part of the UFM, and can also be characterized independently. The 100 mK stage TES bolometer arrays and microwave SQUIDs are sensitive to magnetic fields, and their measured response will vary with the degree to which they are magnetically shielded. We present measurements of the magnetic pickup of test microwave SQUID multiplexers as a study of various shielding configurations for the Simons Observatory. We discuss how these measurements motivated the material choice and design of the UFM magnetic shielding.

KW - Magnetic field dependence

KW - SQUIDs

KW - microwave multiplexing

KW - supercondcuting detectors

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The Simons Observatory: Magnetic Sensitivity Measurements of Microwave SQUID Multiplexers

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