@article{512fd8a1ddd14141bead57e782a95736,
title = "The loss of the intracluster medium in globular clusters",
abstract = "Stars in globular clusters (GCs) lose a non-negligible amount of mass during their postmain-sequence evolution. This material is then expected to build up a substantial intracluster medium (ICM) within the GC. However, the observed gas content in GCs is a couple of orders of magnitude below these expectations. Here, we follow the evolution of this stellar wind material through hydrodynamical simulations to attempt to reconcile theoretical predictions with observations. We test different mechanisms proposed in the literature to clear out the gas such as ram-pressure stripping by the motion of the GC in the Galactic halo medium and ionization by UV sources. We use the code RAMSES to run 3D hydrodynamical simulations to study for the first time, the ICM evolution within discretized multimass GC models including stellar winds and full radiative transfer. We find that the inclusion of both ram pressure and ionization is mandatory to explain why only a very low amount of ionized gas is observed in the core of GCs. The same mechanisms operating in ancient GCs that clear the gas could also be efficient at younger ages, meaning that young GCs would not be able to retain gas and form multiple generations of stars as assumed in many models to explain 'multiple populations'. However, this rapid clearing of gas is consistent with observations of young massive clusters.",
keywords = "Globular clusters: general, Hydrodynamics, ISM: evolution, Methods: numerical, Stars: mass-loss, Stars: winds, outflows",
author = "W. Chantereau and P. Biernacki and M. Martig and N. Bastian and M. Salaris and R. Teyssier",
note = "Funding Information: WC acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant P400P2 183846. PB acknowledges ERC starting grant 638707. NB and WC gratefully acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-646928, Multi-Pop). NB gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Royal Society (University Research Fellowship). We would like to thank Iain Mcdonald, Joki Rosdahl, and Maxime Trebitsch for useful discussions. This research used: The Cambridge Service for Data Driven Discovery (CSD3), part of which is operated by the University of Cambridge Research Computing on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). The DiRAC component of CSD3 was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002307/1 and ST/R002452/1 and STFC operations grant ST/R00689X/1. The DiRAC@Durham facility managed by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of DiRAC. The equipment was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002293/1 and ST/R002371/1, Durham University, and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC is part of the National eInfrastructure. Finally, we would like to thank the referee for the pertinent questions, and suggestions that have greatly helped us improve the presentation of our results. Funding Information: WC acknowledges funding from the Swiss National Science Foundation under grant P400P2 183846. PB acknowledges ERC starting grant 638707.NBandWC gratefully acknowledge financial support from the European Research Council (ERC-CoG-646928, Multi-Pop). NB gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Royal Society (University Research Fellowship). We would like to thank Iain Mcdonald, Joki Rosdahl, and Maxime Trebitsch for useful discussions. This research used: The Cambridge Service for Data Driven Discovery (CSD3), part of which is operated by the University of Cambridge Research Computing on behalf of the STFC DiRAC HPC Facility (www.dirac.ac.uk). The DiRAC component of CSD3 was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002307/1 and ST/R002452/1 and STFC operations grant ST/R00689X/1. The DiRAC@Durham facility managed by the Institute for Computational Cosmology on behalf of DiRAC. The equipment was funded by BEIS capital funding via STFC capital grants ST/P002293/1 and ST/R002371/1, Durham University, and STFC operations grant ST/R000832/1. DiRAC is part of the National eInfrastructure. Finally, we would like to thank the referee for the pertinent questions, and suggestions that have greatly helped us improve the presentation of our results. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2020 The Author(s).",
year = "2020",
month = mar,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1093/mnras/staa371",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "493",
pages = "1306--1316",
journal = "Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society",
issn = "0035-8711",
publisher = "Oxford University Press",
number = "1",
}