The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf

Veselin B. Kostov; Joshua E. Schlieder; Thomas Barclay; Elisa V. Quintana; Knicole D. Colón; Jonathan Brande; Karen A. Collins; Adina D. Feinstein; Samuel Hadden; Stephen R. Kane; Laura Kreidberg; Ethan Kruse; Christopher Lam; Elisabeth Matthews; Benjamin T. Montet; Francisco J. Pozuelos; Keivan G. Stassun; Jennifer G. Winters; George Ricker; Roland Vanderspek; David Latham; Sara Seager; Joshua Winn; Jon M. Jenkins; Dennis Afanasev; James J.D. Armstrong; Giada Arney; Patricia Boyd; Geert Barentsen; Khalid Barkaoui; Natalie E. Batalha; Charles Beichman; Daniel Bayliss; Christopher Burke; Artem Burdanov; Luca Cacciapuoti; Andrew Carson; David Charbonneau; Jessie Christiansen; David Ciardi; Mark Clampin; Kevin I. Collins; Dennis M. Conti; Jeffrey Coughlin; Giovanni Covone; Ian Crossfield; Laetitia Delrez; Shawn Domagal-Goldman; Courtney Dressing; Elsa Ducrot; Zahra Essack; Mark E. Everett; Thomas Fauchez; Daniel Foreman-Mackey; Tianjun Gan; Emily Gilbert; Michaël Gillon; Erica Gonzales; Aaron Hamann; Christina Hedges; Hannah Hocutt; Kelsey Hoffman; Elliott P. Horch; Keith Horne; Steve Howell; Shane Hynes; Michael Ireland; Jonathan M. Irwin; Giovanni Isopi; Eric L.N. Jensen; Emmanuël Jehin; Lisa Kaltenegger; John F. Kielkopf; Ravi Kopparapu; Nikole Lewis; Eric Lopez; Jack J. Lissauer; Andrew W. Mann; Franco Mallia; Avi Mandell; Rachel A. Matson; Tsevi Mazeh; Teresa Monsue; Sarah E. Moran; Vickie Moran; Caroline V. Morley; Brett Morris; Philip Muirhead; Koji Mukai; Susan Mullally; Fergal Mullally; Catriona Murray; Norio Narita; Enric Palle; Daria Pidhorodetska; David Quinn; Howard Relles; Stephen Rinehart; Matthew Ritsko; Joseph E. Rodriguez; Pamela Rowden; Jason F. Rowe; Daniel Sebastian; Ramotholo Sefako; Sahar Shahaf; Avi Shporer; Naylynn Ta ón Reyes; Peter Tenenbaum; Eric B. Ting; Joseph D. Twicken; Gerard T. Van Belle; Laura Vega; Jeffrey Volosin; Lucianne M. Walkowicz; Allison Youngblood

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf

Veselin B. Kostov, Joshua E. Schlieder, Thomas Barclay, Elisa V. Quintana, Knicole D. Colón, Jonathan Brande, Karen A. Collins, Adina D. Feinstein, Samuel Hadden, Stephen R. Kane, Laura Kreidberg, Ethan Kruse, Christopher Lam, Elisabeth Matthews, Benjamin T. Montet, Francisco J. Pozuelos, Keivan G. Stassun, Jennifer G. Winters, George Ricker, Roland VanderspekDavid Latham, Sara Seager, Joshua Winn, Jon M. Jenkins, Dennis Afanasev, James J.D. Armstrong, Giada Arney, Patricia Boyd, Geert Barentsen, Khalid Barkaoui, Natalie E. Batalha, Charles Beichman, Daniel Bayliss, Christopher Burke, Artem Burdanov, Luca Cacciapuoti, Andrew Carson, David Charbonneau, Jessie Christiansen, David Ciardi, Mark Clampin, Kevin I. Collins, Dennis M. Conti, Jeffrey Coughlin, Giovanni Covone, Ian Crossfield, Laetitia Delrez, Shawn Domagal-Goldman, Courtney Dressing, Elsa Ducrot, Zahra Essack, Mark E. Everett, Thomas Fauchez, Daniel Foreman-Mackey, Tianjun Gan, Emily Gilbert, Michaël Gillon, Erica Gonzales, Aaron Hamann, Christina Hedges, Hannah Hocutt, Kelsey Hoffman, Elliott P. Horch, Keith Horne, Steve Howell, Shane Hynes, Michael Ireland, Jonathan M. Irwin, Giovanni Isopi, Eric L.N. Jensen, Emmanuël Jehin, Lisa Kaltenegger, John F. Kielkopf, Ravi Kopparapu, Nikole Lewis, Eric Lopez, Jack J. Lissauer, Andrew W. Mann, Franco Mallia, Avi Mandell, Rachel A. Matson, Tsevi Mazeh, Teresa Monsue, Sarah E. Moran, Vickie Moran, Caroline V. Morley, Brett Morris, Philip Muirhead, Koji Mukai, Susan Mullally, Fergal Mullally, Catriona Murray, Norio Narita, Enric Palle, Daria Pidhorodetska, David Quinn, Howard Relles, Stephen Rinehart, Matthew Ritsko, Joseph E. Rodriguez, Pamela Rowden, Jason F. Rowe, Daniel Sebastian, Ramotholo Sefako, Sahar Shahaf, Avi Shporer, Naylynn Ta ón Reyes, Peter Tenenbaum, Eric B. Ting, Joseph D. Twicken, Gerard T. Van Belle, Laura Vega, Jeffrey Volosin, Lucianne M. Walkowicz, Allison Youngblood

Astrophysical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

100 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of three terrestrial-size planets transiting L 98-59 (TOI-175, TIC 307210830) - a bright M dwarf at a distance of 10.6 pc. Using the Gaia-measured distance and broadband photometry, we find that the host star is an M3 dwarf. Combined with the TESS transits from three sectors, the corresponding stellar parameters yield planet radii ranging from 0.8 R _⊕ to 1.6 R _⊕. All three planets have short orbital periods, ranging from 2.25 to 7.45 days with the outer pair just wide of a 2:1 period resonance. Diagnostic tests produced by the TESS Data Validation Report and the vetting package DAVE rule out common false-positive sources. These analyses, along with dedicated follow-up and the multiplicity of the system, lend confidence that the observed signals are caused by planets transiting L 98-59 and are not associated with other sources in the field. The L 98-59 system is interesting for a number of reasons: the host star is bright (V = 11.7 mag, K =7.1 mag) and the planets are prime targets for further follow-up observations including precision radial-velocity mass measurements and future transit spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope; the near-resonant configuration makes the system a laboratory to study planetary system dynamical evolution; and three planets of relatively similar size in the same system present an opportunity to study terrestrial planets where other variables (age, metallicity, etc.) can be held constant. L 98-59 will be observed in four more TESS sectors, which will provide a wealth of information on the three currently known planets and have the potential to reveal additional planets in the system.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	32
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	158
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459
State	Published - 2019

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

planets and satellites: detection
stars: individual (TIC 307210830, TOI-175)
techniques: photometric

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10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

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Kostov, V. B., Schlieder, J. E., Barclay, T., Quintana, E. V., Colón, K. D., Brande, J., Collins, K. A., Feinstein, A. D., Hadden, S., Kane, S. R., Kreidberg, L., Kruse, E., Lam, C., Matthews, E., Montet, B. T., Pozuelos, F. J., Stassun, K. G., Winters, J. G., Ricker, G., ... Youngblood, A. (2019). The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf. Astronomical Journal, 158(1), Article 32. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

@article{2a001c9300da4f9d9ece909881ea5042,

title = "The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf",

abstract = "We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of three terrestrial-size planets transiting L 98-59 (TOI-175, TIC 307210830) - a bright M dwarf at a distance of 10.6 pc. Using the Gaia-measured distance and broadband photometry, we find that the host star is an M3 dwarf. Combined with the TESS transits from three sectors, the corresponding stellar parameters yield planet radii ranging from 0.8 R ⊕ to 1.6 R ⊕. All three planets have short orbital periods, ranging from 2.25 to 7.45 days with the outer pair just wide of a 2:1 period resonance. Diagnostic tests produced by the TESS Data Validation Report and the vetting package DAVE rule out common false-positive sources. These analyses, along with dedicated follow-up and the multiplicity of the system, lend confidence that the observed signals are caused by planets transiting L 98-59 and are not associated with other sources in the field. The L 98-59 system is interesting for a number of reasons: the host star is bright (V = 11.7 mag, K =7.1 mag) and the planets are prime targets for further follow-up observations including precision radial-velocity mass measurements and future transit spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope; the near-resonant configuration makes the system a laboratory to study planetary system dynamical evolution; and three planets of relatively similar size in the same system present an opportunity to study terrestrial planets where other variables (age, metallicity, etc.) can be held constant. L 98-59 will be observed in four more TESS sectors, which will provide a wealth of information on the three currently known planets and have the potential to reveal additional planets in the system.",

keywords = "planets and satellites: detection, stars: individual (TIC 307210830, TOI-175), techniques: photometric",

author = "Kostov, {Veselin B.} and Schlieder, {Joshua E.} and Thomas Barclay and Quintana, {Elisa V.} and Col{\'o}n, {Knicole D.} and Jonathan Brande and Collins, {Karen A.} and Feinstein, {Adina D.} and Samuel Hadden and Kane, {Stephen R.} and Laura Kreidberg and Ethan Kruse and Christopher Lam and Elisabeth Matthews and Montet, {Benjamin T.} and Pozuelos, {Francisco J.} and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Winters, {Jennifer G.} and George Ricker and Roland Vanderspek and David Latham and Sara Seager and Joshua Winn and Jenkins, {Jon M.} and Dennis Afanasev and Armstrong, {James J.D.} and Giada Arney and Patricia Boyd and Geert Barentsen and Khalid Barkaoui and Batalha, {Natalie E.} and Charles Beichman and Daniel Bayliss and Christopher Burke and Artem Burdanov and Luca Cacciapuoti and Andrew Carson and David Charbonneau and Jessie Christiansen and David Ciardi and Mark Clampin and Collins, {Kevin I.} and Conti, {Dennis M.} and Jeffrey Coughlin and Giovanni Covone and Ian Crossfield and Laetitia Delrez and Shawn Domagal-Goldman and Courtney Dressing and Elsa Ducrot and Zahra Essack and Everett, {Mark E.} and Thomas Fauchez and Daniel Foreman-Mackey and Tianjun Gan and Emily Gilbert and Micha{\"e}l Gillon and Erica Gonzales and Aaron Hamann and Christina Hedges and Hannah Hocutt and Kelsey Hoffman and Horch, {Elliott P.} and Keith Horne and Steve Howell and Shane Hynes and Michael Ireland and Irwin, {Jonathan M.} and Giovanni Isopi and Jensen, {Eric L.N.} and Emmanu{\"e}l Jehin and Lisa Kaltenegger and Kielkopf, {John F.} and Ravi Kopparapu and Nikole Lewis and Eric Lopez and Lissauer, {Jack J.} and Mann, {Andrew W.} and Franco Mallia and Avi Mandell and Matson, {Rachel A.} and Tsevi Mazeh and Teresa Monsue and Moran, {Sarah E.} and Vickie Moran and Morley, {Caroline V.} and Brett Morris and Philip Muirhead and Koji Mukai and Susan Mullally and Fergal Mullally and Catriona Murray and Norio Narita and Enric Palle and Daria Pidhorodetska and David Quinn and Howard Relles and Stephen Rinehart and Matthew Ritsko and Rodriguez, {Joseph E.} and Pamela Rowden and Rowe, {Jason F.} and Daniel Sebastian and Ramotholo Sefako and Sahar Shahaf and Avi Shporer and Reyes, {Naylynn Ta {\'o}n} and Peter Tenenbaum and Ting, {Eric B.} and Twicken, {Joseph D.} and {Van Belle}, {Gerard T.} and Laura Vega and Jeffrey Volosin and Walkowicz, {Lucianne M.} and Allison Youngblood",

year = "2019",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "158",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "1",

}

Kostov, VB, Schlieder, JE, Barclay, T, Quintana, EV, Colón, KD, Brande, J, Collins, KA, Feinstein, AD, Hadden, S, Kane, SR, Kreidberg, L, Kruse, E, Lam, C, Matthews, E, Montet, BT, Pozuelos, FJ, Stassun, KG, Winters, JG, Ricker, G, Vanderspek, R, Latham, D, Seager, S, Winn, J, Jenkins, JM, Afanasev, D, Armstrong, JJD, Arney, G, Boyd, P, Barentsen, G, Barkaoui, K, Batalha, NE, Beichman, C, Bayliss, D, Burke, C, Burdanov, A, Cacciapuoti, L, Carson, A, Charbonneau, D, Christiansen, J, Ciardi, D, Clampin, M, Collins, KI, Conti, DM, Coughlin, J, Covone, G, Crossfield, I, Delrez, L, Domagal-Goldman, S, Dressing, C, Ducrot, E, Essack, Z, Everett, ME, Fauchez, T, Foreman-Mackey, D, Gan, T, Gilbert, E, Gillon, M, Gonzales, E, Hamann, A, Hedges, C, Hocutt, H, Hoffman, K, Horch, EP, Horne, K, Howell, S, Hynes, S, Ireland, M, Irwin, JM, Isopi, G, Jensen, ELN, Jehin, E, Kaltenegger, L, Kielkopf, JF, Kopparapu, R, Lewis, N, Lopez, E, Lissauer, JJ, Mann, AW, Mallia, F, Mandell, A, Matson, RA, Mazeh, T, Monsue, T, Moran, SE, Moran, V, Morley, CV, Morris, B, Muirhead, P, Mukai, K, Mullally, S, Mullally, F, Murray, C, Narita, N, Palle, E, Pidhorodetska, D, Quinn, D, Relles, H, Rinehart, S, Ritsko, M, Rodriguez, JE, Rowden, P, Rowe, JF, Sebastian, D, Sefako, R, Shahaf, S, Shporer, A, Reyes, NTÓ, Tenenbaum, P, Ting, EB, Twicken, JD, Van Belle, GT, Vega, L, Volosin, J, Walkowicz, LM & Youngblood, A 2019, 'The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf', Astronomical Journal, vol. 158, no. 1, 32. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

TY - JOUR

T1 - The L 98-59 System

T2 - Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf

AU - Kostov, Veselin B.

AU - Schlieder, Joshua E.

AU - Barclay, Thomas

AU - Quintana, Elisa V.

AU - Colón, Knicole D.

AU - Brande, Jonathan

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Feinstein, Adina D.

AU - Hadden, Samuel

AU - Kane, Stephen R.

AU - Kreidberg, Laura

AU - Kruse, Ethan

AU - Lam, Christopher

AU - Matthews, Elisabeth

AU - Montet, Benjamin T.

AU - Pozuelos, Francisco J.

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Winters, Jennifer G.

AU - Ricker, George

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

AU - Latham, David

AU - Seager, Sara

AU - Winn, Joshua

AU - Jenkins, Jon M.

AU - Afanasev, Dennis

AU - Armstrong, James J.D.

AU - Arney, Giada

AU - Boyd, Patricia

AU - Barentsen, Geert

AU - Barkaoui, Khalid

AU - Batalha, Natalie E.

AU - Beichman, Charles

AU - Bayliss, Daniel

AU - Burke, Christopher

AU - Burdanov, Artem

AU - Cacciapuoti, Luca

AU - Carson, Andrew

AU - Charbonneau, David

AU - Christiansen, Jessie

AU - Ciardi, David

AU - Clampin, Mark

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Conti, Dennis M.

AU - Coughlin, Jeffrey

AU - Covone, Giovanni

AU - Crossfield, Ian

AU - Delrez, Laetitia

AU - Domagal-Goldman, Shawn

AU - Dressing, Courtney

AU - Ducrot, Elsa

AU - Essack, Zahra

AU - Everett, Mark E.

AU - Fauchez, Thomas

AU - Foreman-Mackey, Daniel

AU - Gan, Tianjun

AU - Gilbert, Emily

AU - Gillon, Michaël

AU - Gonzales, Erica

AU - Hamann, Aaron

AU - Hedges, Christina

AU - Hocutt, Hannah

AU - Hoffman, Kelsey

AU - Horch, Elliott P.

AU - Horne, Keith

AU - Howell, Steve

AU - Hynes, Shane

AU - Ireland, Michael

AU - Irwin, Jonathan M.

AU - Isopi, Giovanni

AU - Jensen, Eric L.N.

AU - Jehin, Emmanuël

AU - Kaltenegger, Lisa

AU - Kielkopf, John F.

AU - Kopparapu, Ravi

AU - Lewis, Nikole

AU - Lopez, Eric

AU - Lissauer, Jack J.

AU - Mann, Andrew W.

AU - Mallia, Franco

AU - Mandell, Avi

AU - Matson, Rachel A.

AU - Mazeh, Tsevi

AU - Monsue, Teresa

AU - Moran, Sarah E.

AU - Moran, Vickie

AU - Morley, Caroline V.

AU - Morris, Brett

AU - Muirhead, Philip

AU - Mukai, Koji

AU - Mullally, Susan

AU - Mullally, Fergal

AU - Murray, Catriona

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Palle, Enric

AU - Pidhorodetska, Daria

AU - Quinn, David

AU - Relles, Howard

AU - Rinehart, Stephen

AU - Ritsko, Matthew

AU - Rodriguez, Joseph E.

AU - Rowden, Pamela

AU - Rowe, Jason F.

AU - Sebastian, Daniel

AU - Sefako, Ramotholo

AU - Shahaf, Sahar

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Reyes, Naylynn Ta ón

AU - Tenenbaum, Peter

AU - Ting, Eric B.

AU - Twicken, Joseph D.

AU - Van Belle, Gerard T.

AU - Vega, Laura

AU - Volosin, Jeffrey

AU - Walkowicz, Lucianne M.

AU - Youngblood, Allison

PY - 2019

Y1 - 2019

N2 - We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of three terrestrial-size planets transiting L 98-59 (TOI-175, TIC 307210830) - a bright M dwarf at a distance of 10.6 pc. Using the Gaia-measured distance and broadband photometry, we find that the host star is an M3 dwarf. Combined with the TESS transits from three sectors, the corresponding stellar parameters yield planet radii ranging from 0.8 R ⊕ to 1.6 R ⊕. All three planets have short orbital periods, ranging from 2.25 to 7.45 days with the outer pair just wide of a 2:1 period resonance. Diagnostic tests produced by the TESS Data Validation Report and the vetting package DAVE rule out common false-positive sources. These analyses, along with dedicated follow-up and the multiplicity of the system, lend confidence that the observed signals are caused by planets transiting L 98-59 and are not associated with other sources in the field. The L 98-59 system is interesting for a number of reasons: the host star is bright (V = 11.7 mag, K =7.1 mag) and the planets are prime targets for further follow-up observations including precision radial-velocity mass measurements and future transit spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope; the near-resonant configuration makes the system a laboratory to study planetary system dynamical evolution; and three planets of relatively similar size in the same system present an opportunity to study terrestrial planets where other variables (age, metallicity, etc.) can be held constant. L 98-59 will be observed in four more TESS sectors, which will provide a wealth of information on the three currently known planets and have the potential to reveal additional planets in the system.

AB - We report the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS) discovery of three terrestrial-size planets transiting L 98-59 (TOI-175, TIC 307210830) - a bright M dwarf at a distance of 10.6 pc. Using the Gaia-measured distance and broadband photometry, we find that the host star is an M3 dwarf. Combined with the TESS transits from three sectors, the corresponding stellar parameters yield planet radii ranging from 0.8 R ⊕ to 1.6 R ⊕. All three planets have short orbital periods, ranging from 2.25 to 7.45 days with the outer pair just wide of a 2:1 period resonance. Diagnostic tests produced by the TESS Data Validation Report and the vetting package DAVE rule out common false-positive sources. These analyses, along with dedicated follow-up and the multiplicity of the system, lend confidence that the observed signals are caused by planets transiting L 98-59 and are not associated with other sources in the field. The L 98-59 system is interesting for a number of reasons: the host star is bright (V = 11.7 mag, K =7.1 mag) and the planets are prime targets for further follow-up observations including precision radial-velocity mass measurements and future transit spectroscopy with the James Webb Space Telescope; the near-resonant configuration makes the system a laboratory to study planetary system dynamical evolution; and three planets of relatively similar size in the same system present an opportunity to study terrestrial planets where other variables (age, metallicity, etc.) can be held constant. L 98-59 will be observed in four more TESS sectors, which will provide a wealth of information on the three currently known planets and have the potential to reveal additional planets in the system.

KW - planets and satellites: detection

KW - stars: individual (TIC 307210830, TOI-175)

KW - techniques: photometric

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072046012&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85072046012&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ab2459

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85072046012

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 158

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 32

ER -

The L 98-59 System: Three Transiting, Terrestrial-size Planets Orbiting a Nearby M Dwarf

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