The dust content of galaxy clusters

We report on the detection of reddening toward z ∼ 0.2 galaxy clusters. This is measured by correlating the Sloan Digital Sky Survey cluster and quasar catalogs and by comparing the photometric and spectroscopic properties of quasars behind the clusters to those in the field. We find mean E(B - V) values of a few × 10^-3 mag for sight lines passing ~Mpc from the clusters' centers. The reddening curve is typical of dust but cannot be used to distinguish between different dust types. The radial dependence of the extinction is shallow near the cluster center suggesting that most of the detected dust lies at the outskirts of the clusters. Gravitational magnification of background z ∼ 1.7 sources seen on Mpc (projected) scales around the clusters is found to be of order a few percent, in qualitative agreement with theoretical predictions. Contamination by different spectral properties of the lensed quasar population is unlikely but cannot be excluded.