The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

G. Alimonti; C. Arpesella; H. Back; M. Balata; D. Bartolomei; A. de Bellefon; G. Bellini; J. Benziger; A. Bevilacqua; D. Bondi; S. Bonetti; A. Brigatti; B. Caccianiga; L. Cadonati; F. Calaprice; C. Carraro; G. Cecchet; R. Cereseto; A. Chavarria; M. Chen; A. Chepurnov; A. Cubaiu; W. Czech; D. D'Angelo; F. Dalnoki-Veress; A. De Bari; E. De Haas; A. Derbin; M. Deutsch; A. Di Credico; A. Di Ludovico; G. Di Pietro; R. Eisenstein; F. Elisei; A. Etenko; F. von Feilitzsch; R. Fernholz; K. Fomenko; R. Ford; D. Franco; B. Freudiger; N. Gaertner; C. Galbiati; F. Gatti; S. Gazzana; V. Gehman; M. Giammarchi; D. Giugni; M. Goeger-Neff; T. Goldbrunner; A. Golubchikov; A. Goretti; C. Grieb; C. Hagner; T. Hagner; W. Hampel; E. Harding; S. Hardy; F. X. Hartmann; R. von Hentig; T. Hertrich; G. Heusser; M. Hult; A. Ianni; An Ianni; L. Ioannucci; K. Jaenner; M. Joyce; H. de Kerret; S. Kidner; J. Kiko; T. Kirsten; V. Kobychev; G. Korga; G. Korschinek; Yu Kozlov; D. Kryn; P. La Marche; V. Lagomarsino; M. Laubenstein; C. Lendvai; M. Leung; T. Lewke; E. Litvinovich; B. Loer; F. Loeser; P. Lombardi; L. Ludhova; I. Machulin; S. Malvezzi; A. Manco; J. Maneira; W. Maneschg; I. Manno; D. Manuzio; G. Manuzio; M. Marchelli; A. Martemianov; F. Masetti; U. Mazzucato; K. McCarty; D. McKinsey; Q. Meindl; E. Meroni; L. Miramonti; M. Misiaszek; D. Montanari; M. E. Monzani; V. Muratova; P. Musico; H. Neder; A. Nelson; L. Niedermeier; S. Nisi; L. Oberauer; M. Obolensky; M. Orsini; F. Ortica; M. Pallavicini; L. Papp; R. Parcells; S. Parmeggiano; M. Parodi; N. Pelliccia; L. Perasso; A. Pocar; R. Raghavan; G. Ranucci; W. Rau; A. Razeto; E. Resconi; P. Risso; A. Romani; D. Rountree; A. Sabelnikov; P. Saggese; R. Saldhana; C. Salvo; R. Scardaoni; D. Schimizzi; S. Schönert; K. H. Schubeck; T. Shutt; F. Siccardi; H. Simgen; M. Skorokhvatov; O. Smirnov; A. Sonnenschein; F. Soricelli; A. Sotnikov; S. Sukhotin; C. Sule; Y. Suvorov; V. Tarasenkov; R. Tartaglia; G. Testera; D. Vignaud; S. Vitale; R. B. Vogelaar; V. Vyrodov; B. Williams; M. Wojcik; R. Wordel; M. Wurm; O. Zaimidoroga; S. Zavatarelli; G. Zuzel

doi:10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

G. Alimonti, C. Arpesella, H. Back, M. Balata, D. Bartolomei, A. de Bellefon, G. Bellini, J. Benziger, A. Bevilacqua, D. Bondi, S. Bonetti, A. Brigatti, B. Caccianiga, L. Cadonati, F. Calaprice, C. Carraro, G. Cecchet, R. Cereseto, A. Chavarria, M. ChenA. Chepurnov, A. Cubaiu, W. Czech, D. D'Angelo, F. Dalnoki-Veress, A. De Bari, E. De Haas, A. Derbin, M. Deutsch, A. Di Credico, A. Di Ludovico, G. Di Pietro, R. Eisenstein, F. Elisei, A. Etenko, F. von Feilitzsch, R. Fernholz, K. Fomenko, R. Ford, D. Franco, B. Freudiger, N. Gaertner, C. Galbiati, F. Gatti, S. Gazzana, V. Gehman, M. Giammarchi, D. Giugni, M. Goeger-Neff, T. Goldbrunner, A. Golubchikov, A. Goretti, C. Grieb, C. Hagner, T. Hagner, W. Hampel, E. Harding, S. Hardy, F. X. Hartmann, R. von Hentig, T. Hertrich, G. Heusser, M. Hult, A. Ianni, An Ianni, L. Ioannucci, K. Jaenner, M. Joyce, H. de Kerret, S. Kidner, J. Kiko, T. Kirsten, V. Kobychev, G. Korga, G. Korschinek, Yu Kozlov, D. Kryn, P. La Marche, V. Lagomarsino, M. Laubenstein, C. Lendvai, M. Leung, T. Lewke, E. Litvinovich, B. Loer, F. Loeser, P. Lombardi, L. Ludhova, I. Machulin, S. Malvezzi, A. Manco, J. Maneira, W. Maneschg, I. Manno, D. Manuzio, G. Manuzio, M. Marchelli, A. Martemianov, F. Masetti, U. Mazzucato, K. McCarty, D. McKinsey, Q. Meindl, E. Meroni, L. Miramonti, M. Misiaszek, D. Montanari, M. E. Monzani, V. Muratova, P. Musico, H. Neder, A. Nelson, L. Niedermeier, S. Nisi, L. Oberauer, M. Obolensky, M. Orsini, F. Ortica, M. Pallavicini, L. Papp, R. Parcells, S. Parmeggiano, M. Parodi, N. Pelliccia, L. Perasso, A. Pocar, R. Raghavan, G. Ranucci, W. Rau, A. Razeto, E. Resconi, P. Risso, A. Romani, D. Rountree, A. Sabelnikov, P. Saggese, R. Saldhana, C. Salvo, R. Scardaoni, D. Schimizzi, S. Schönert, K. H. Schubeck, T. Shutt, F. Siccardi, H. Simgen, M. Skorokhvatov, O. Smirnov, A. Sonnenschein, F. Soricelli, A. Sotnikov, S. Sukhotin, C. Sule, Y. Suvorov, V. Tarasenkov, R. Tartaglia, G. Testera, D. Vignaud, S. Vitale, R. B. Vogelaar, V. Vyrodov, B. Williams, M. Wojcik, R. Wordel, M. Wurm, O. Zaimidoroga, S. Zavatarelli, G. Zuzel

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

373 Scopus citations

Abstract

Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the monoenergetic (862 keV) ⁷Be electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	568-593
Number of pages	26
Journal	Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment
Volume	600
Issue number	3
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076
State	Published - Mar 11 2009

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Nuclear and High Energy Physics
Instrumentation

Keywords

Liquid scintillators
Low background detectors
Solar neutrino

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10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

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Alimonti, G., Arpesella, C., Back, H., Balata, M., Bartolomei, D., de Bellefon, A., Bellini, G., Benziger, J., Bevilacqua, A., Bondi, D., Bonetti, S., Brigatti, A., Caccianiga, B., Cadonati, L., Calaprice, F., Carraro, C., Cecchet, G., Cereseto, R., Chavarria, A., ... Zuzel, G. (2009). The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, 600(3), 568-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

@article{157a7b1b60e6492784aa82a958ea1b88,

title = "The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso",

abstract = "Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the monoenergetic (862 keV) 7Be electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).",

keywords = "Liquid scintillators, Low background detectors, Solar neutrino",

author = "G. Alimonti and C. Arpesella and H. Back and M. Balata and D. Bartolomei and {de Bellefon}, A. and G. Bellini and J. Benziger and A. Bevilacqua and D. Bondi and S. Bonetti and A. Brigatti and B. Caccianiga and L. Cadonati and F. Calaprice and C. Carraro and G. Cecchet and R. Cereseto and A. Chavarria and M. Chen and A. Chepurnov and A. Cubaiu and W. Czech and D. D'Angelo and F. Dalnoki-Veress and {De Bari}, A. and {De Haas}, E. and A. Derbin and M. Deutsch and {Di Credico}, A. and {Di Ludovico}, A. and {Di Pietro}, G. and R. Eisenstein and F. Elisei and A. Etenko and {von Feilitzsch}, F. and R. Fernholz and K. Fomenko and R. Ford and D. Franco and B. Freudiger and N. Gaertner and C. Galbiati and F. Gatti and S. Gazzana and V. Gehman and M. Giammarchi and D. Giugni and M. Goeger-Neff and T. Goldbrunner and A. Golubchikov and A. Goretti and C. Grieb and C. Hagner and T. Hagner and W. Hampel and E. Harding and S. Hardy and Hartmann, {F. X.} and {von Hentig}, R. and T. Hertrich and G. Heusser and M. Hult and A. Ianni and An Ianni and L. Ioannucci and K. Jaenner and M. Joyce and {de Kerret}, H. and S. Kidner and J. Kiko and T. Kirsten and V. Kobychev and G. Korga and G. Korschinek and Yu Kozlov and D. Kryn and {La Marche}, P. and V. Lagomarsino and M. Laubenstein and C. Lendvai and M. Leung and T. Lewke and E. Litvinovich and B. Loer and F. Loeser and P. Lombardi and L. Ludhova and I. Machulin and S. Malvezzi and A. Manco and J. Maneira and W. Maneschg and I. Manno and D. Manuzio and G. Manuzio and M. Marchelli and A. Martemianov and F. Masetti and U. Mazzucato and K. McCarty and D. McKinsey and Q. Meindl and E. Meroni and L. Miramonti and M. Misiaszek and D. Montanari and Monzani, {M. E.} and V. Muratova and P. Musico and H. Neder and A. Nelson and L. Niedermeier and S. Nisi and L. Oberauer and M. Obolensky and M. Orsini and F. Ortica and M. Pallavicini and L. Papp and R. Parcells and S. Parmeggiano and M. Parodi and N. Pelliccia and L. Perasso and A. Pocar and R. Raghavan and G. Ranucci and W. Rau and A. Razeto and E. Resconi and P. Risso and A. Romani and D. Rountree and A. Sabelnikov and P. Saggese and R. Saldhana and C. Salvo and R. Scardaoni and D. Schimizzi and S. Sch{\"o}nert and Schubeck, {K. H.} and T. Shutt and F. Siccardi and H. Simgen and M. Skorokhvatov and O. Smirnov and A. Sonnenschein and F. Soricelli and A. Sotnikov and S. Sukhotin and C. Sule and Y. Suvorov and V. Tarasenkov and R. Tartaglia and G. Testera and D. Vignaud and S. Vitale and Vogelaar, {R. B.} and V. Vyrodov and B. Williams and M. Wojcik and R. Wordel and M. Wurm and O. Zaimidoroga and S. Zavatarelli and G. Zuzel",

note = "Funding Information: We sincerely thank the funding agencies: INFN (Italy), NSF (USA), BMBF, DFG and MPG (Germany), Rosnauka (Russia), MNiSW (Poland), and we acknowledge the generous support of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. This work was also supported by the ILIAS integrating activity (Contract no. RII3-CT-2004-506222) as part of the EU FP6 program. ",

year = "2009",

month = mar,

day = "11",

doi = "10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "600",

pages = "568--593",

journal = "Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment",

issn = "0168-9002",

publisher = "Elsevier",

number = "3",

}

Alimonti, G, Arpesella, C, Back, H, Balata, M, Bartolomei, D, de Bellefon, A, Bellini, G, Benziger, J, Bevilacqua, A, Bondi, D, Bonetti, S, Brigatti, A, Caccianiga, B, Cadonati, L, Calaprice, F, Carraro, C, Cecchet, G, Cereseto, R, Chavarria, A, Chen, M, Chepurnov, A, Cubaiu, A, Czech, W, D'Angelo, D, Dalnoki-Veress, F, De Bari, A, De Haas, E, Derbin, A, Deutsch, M, Di Credico, A, Di Ludovico, A, Di Pietro, G, Eisenstein, R, Elisei, F, Etenko, A, von Feilitzsch, F, Fernholz, R, Fomenko, K, Ford, R, Franco, D, Freudiger, B, Gaertner, N, Galbiati, C, Gatti, F, Gazzana, S, Gehman, V, Giammarchi, M, Giugni, D, Goeger-Neff, M, Goldbrunner, T, Golubchikov, A, Goretti, A, Grieb, C, Hagner, C, Hagner, T, Hampel, W, Harding, E, Hardy, S, Hartmann, FX, von Hentig, R, Hertrich, T, Heusser, G, Hult, M, Ianni, A, Ianni, A, Ioannucci, L, Jaenner, K, Joyce, M, de Kerret, H, Kidner, S, Kiko, J, Kirsten, T, Kobychev, V, Korga, G, Korschinek, G, Kozlov, Y, Kryn, D, La Marche, P, Lagomarsino, V, Laubenstein, M, Lendvai, C, Leung, M, Lewke, T, Litvinovich, E, Loer, B, Loeser, F, Lombardi, P, Ludhova, L, Machulin, I, Malvezzi, S, Manco, A, Maneira, J, Maneschg, W, Manno, I, Manuzio, D, Manuzio, G, Marchelli, M, Martemianov, A, Masetti, F, Mazzucato, U, McCarty, K, McKinsey, D, Meindl, Q, Meroni, E, Miramonti, L, Misiaszek, M, Montanari, D, Monzani, ME, Muratova, V, Musico, P, Neder, H, Nelson, A, Niedermeier, L, Nisi, S, Oberauer, L, Obolensky, M, Orsini, M, Ortica, F, Pallavicini, M, Papp, L, Parcells, R, Parmeggiano, S, Parodi, M, Pelliccia, N, Perasso, L, Pocar, A, Raghavan, R, Ranucci, G, Rau, W, Razeto, A, Resconi, E, Risso, P, Romani, A, Rountree, D, Sabelnikov, A, Saggese, P, Saldhana, R, Salvo, C, Scardaoni, R, Schimizzi, D, Schönert, S, Schubeck, KH, Shutt, T, Siccardi, F, Simgen, H, Skorokhvatov, M, Smirnov, O, Sonnenschein, A, Soricelli, F, Sotnikov, A, Sukhotin, S, Sule, C, Suvorov, Y, Tarasenkov, V, Tartaglia, R, Testera, G, Vignaud, D, Vitale, S, Vogelaar, RB, Vyrodov, V, Williams, B, Wojcik, M, Wordel, R, Wurm, M, Zaimidoroga, O, Zavatarelli, S & Zuzel, G 2009, 'The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso', Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment, vol. 600, no. 3, pp. 568-593. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

TY - JOUR

T1 - The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

AU - Alimonti, G.

AU - Arpesella, C.

AU - Back, H.

AU - Balata, M.

AU - Bartolomei, D.

AU - de Bellefon, A.

AU - Bellini, G.

AU - Benziger, J.

AU - Bevilacqua, A.

AU - Bondi, D.

AU - Bonetti, S.

AU - Brigatti, A.

AU - Caccianiga, B.

AU - Cadonati, L.

AU - Calaprice, F.

AU - Carraro, C.

AU - Cecchet, G.

AU - Cereseto, R.

AU - Chavarria, A.

AU - Chen, M.

AU - Chepurnov, A.

AU - Cubaiu, A.

AU - Czech, W.

AU - D'Angelo, D.

AU - Dalnoki-Veress, F.

AU - De Bari, A.

AU - De Haas, E.

AU - Derbin, A.

AU - Deutsch, M.

AU - Di Credico, A.

AU - Di Ludovico, A.

AU - Di Pietro, G.

AU - Eisenstein, R.

AU - Elisei, F.

AU - Etenko, A.

AU - von Feilitzsch, F.

AU - Fernholz, R.

AU - Fomenko, K.

AU - Ford, R.

AU - Franco, D.

AU - Freudiger, B.

AU - Gaertner, N.

AU - Galbiati, C.

AU - Gatti, F.

AU - Gazzana, S.

AU - Gehman, V.

AU - Giammarchi, M.

AU - Giugni, D.

AU - Goeger-Neff, M.

AU - Goldbrunner, T.

AU - Golubchikov, A.

AU - Goretti, A.

AU - Grieb, C.

AU - Hagner, C.

AU - Hagner, T.

AU - Hampel, W.

AU - Harding, E.

AU - Hardy, S.

AU - Hartmann, F. X.

AU - von Hentig, R.

AU - Hertrich, T.

AU - Heusser, G.

AU - Hult, M.

AU - Ianni, A.

AU - Ianni, An

AU - Ioannucci, L.

AU - Jaenner, K.

AU - Joyce, M.

AU - de Kerret, H.

AU - Kidner, S.

AU - Kiko, J.

AU - Kirsten, T.

AU - Kobychev, V.

AU - Korga, G.

AU - Korschinek, G.

AU - Kozlov, Yu

AU - Kryn, D.

AU - La Marche, P.

AU - Lagomarsino, V.

AU - Laubenstein, M.

AU - Lendvai, C.

AU - Leung, M.

AU - Lewke, T.

AU - Litvinovich, E.

AU - Loer, B.

AU - Loeser, F.

AU - Lombardi, P.

AU - Ludhova, L.

AU - Machulin, I.

AU - Malvezzi, S.

AU - Manco, A.

AU - Maneira, J.

AU - Maneschg, W.

AU - Manno, I.

AU - Manuzio, D.

AU - Manuzio, G.

AU - Marchelli, M.

AU - Martemianov, A.

AU - Masetti, F.

AU - Mazzucato, U.

AU - McCarty, K.

AU - McKinsey, D.

AU - Meindl, Q.

AU - Meroni, E.

AU - Miramonti, L.

AU - Misiaszek, M.

AU - Montanari, D.

AU - Monzani, M. E.

AU - Muratova, V.

AU - Musico, P.

AU - Neder, H.

AU - Nelson, A.

AU - Niedermeier, L.

AU - Nisi, S.

AU - Oberauer, L.

AU - Obolensky, M.

AU - Orsini, M.

AU - Ortica, F.

AU - Pallavicini, M.

AU - Papp, L.

AU - Parcells, R.

AU - Parmeggiano, S.

AU - Parodi, M.

AU - Pelliccia, N.

AU - Perasso, L.

AU - Pocar, A.

AU - Raghavan, R.

AU - Ranucci, G.

AU - Rau, W.

AU - Razeto, A.

AU - Resconi, E.

AU - Risso, P.

AU - Romani, A.

AU - Rountree, D.

AU - Sabelnikov, A.

AU - Saggese, P.

AU - Saldhana, R.

AU - Salvo, C.

AU - Scardaoni, R.

AU - Schimizzi, D.

AU - Schönert, S.

AU - Schubeck, K. H.

AU - Shutt, T.

AU - Siccardi, F.

AU - Simgen, H.

AU - Skorokhvatov, M.

AU - Smirnov, O.

AU - Sonnenschein, A.

AU - Soricelli, F.

AU - Sotnikov, A.

AU - Sukhotin, S.

AU - Sule, C.

AU - Suvorov, Y.

AU - Tarasenkov, V.

AU - Tartaglia, R.

AU - Testera, G.

AU - Vignaud, D.

AU - Vitale, S.

AU - Vogelaar, R. B.

AU - Vyrodov, V.

AU - Williams, B.

AU - Wojcik, M.

AU - Wordel, R.

AU - Wurm, M.

AU - Zaimidoroga, O.

AU - Zavatarelli, S.

AU - Zuzel, G.

N1 - Funding Information: We sincerely thank the funding agencies: INFN (Italy), NSF (USA), BMBF, DFG and MPG (Germany), Rosnauka (Russia), MNiSW (Poland), and we acknowledge the generous support of the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso. This work was also supported by the ILIAS integrating activity (Contract no. RII3-CT-2004-506222) as part of the EU FP6 program.

PY - 2009/3/11

Y1 - 2009/3/11

N2 - Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the monoenergetic (862 keV) 7Be electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).

AB - Borexino, a large volume detector for low energy neutrino spectroscopy, is currently running underground at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso, Italy. The main goal of the experiment is the real-time measurement of sub-MeV solar neutrinos, and particularly of the monoenergetic (862 keV) 7Be electron capture neutrinos, via neutrino-electron scattering in an ultra-pure liquid scintillator. This paper is mostly devoted to the description of the detector structure, the photomultipliers, the electronics, and the trigger and calibration systems. The real performance of the detector, which always meets, and sometimes exceeds, design expectations, is also shown. Some important aspects of the Borexino project, i.e. the fluid handling plants, the purification techniques and the filling procedures, are not covered in this paper and are, or will be, published elsewhere (see Introduction and Bibliography).

KW - Liquid scintillators

KW - Low background detectors

KW - Solar neutrino

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=60449117930&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=60449117930&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

DO - 10.1016/j.nima.2008.11.076

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:60449117930

SN - 0168-9002

VL - 600

SP - 568

EP - 593

JO - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

JF - Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research, Section A: Accelerators, Spectrometers, Detectors and Associated Equipment

IS - 3

ER -

The Borexino detector at the Laboratori Nazionali del Gran Sasso

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