TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935

Nicholas Scarsdale; Joseph M. Akana Murphy; Natalie M. Batalha; Ian J.M. Crossfield; Courtney D. Dressing; Benjamin Fulton; Andrew W. Howard; Daniel Huber; Howard Isaacson; Stephen R. Kane; Erik A. Petigura; Paul Robertson; Arpita Roy; Lauren M. Weiss; Corey Beard; Aida Behmard; Ashley Chontos; Jessie L. Christiansen; David R. Ciardi; Zachary R. Claytor; Karen A. Collins; Kevin I. Collins; Fei Dai; Paul A. Dalba; Diana Dragomir; Tara Fetherolf; Akihiko Fukui; Steven Giacalone; Erica J. Gonzales; Michelle L. Hill; Lea A. Hirsch; Eric L.N. Jensen; Molly R. Kosiarek; Jerome P. De Leon; Jack Lubin; Michael B. Lund; Rafael Luque; Andrew W. Mayo; Teo Mocnik; Mayuko Mori; Norio Narita; Grzegorz Nowak; Enric Pallé; Markus Rabus; Lee J. Rosenthal; Ryan A. Rubenzahl; Joshua E. Schlieder; Avi Shporer; Keivan G. Stassun; Joe Twicken; Gavin Wang; Daniel A. Yahalomi; Jon Jenkins; David W. Latham; George R. Ricker; S. Seager; Roland Vanderspek; Joshua N. Winn

doi:10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935

Nicholas Scarsdale, Joseph M. Akana Murphy, Natalie M. Batalha, Ian J.M. Crossfield, Courtney D. Dressing, Benjamin Fulton, Andrew W. Howard, Daniel Huber, Howard Isaacson, Stephen R. Kane, Erik A. Petigura, Paul Robertson, Arpita Roy, Lauren M. Weiss, Corey Beard, Aida Behmard, Ashley Chontos, Jessie L. Christiansen, David R. Ciardi, Zachary R. ClaytorKaren A. Collins, Kevin I. Collins, Fei Dai, Paul A. Dalba, Diana Dragomir, Tara Fetherolf, Akihiko Fukui, Steven Giacalone, Erica J. Gonzales, Michelle L. Hill, Lea A. Hirsch, Eric L.N. Jensen, Molly R. Kosiarek, Jerome P. De Leon, Jack Lubin, Michael B. Lund, Rafael Luque, Andrew W. Mayo, Teo Mocnik, Mayuko Mori, Norio Narita, Grzegorz Nowak, Enric Pallé, Markus Rabus, Lee J. Rosenthal, Ryan A. Rubenzahl, Joshua E. Schlieder, Avi Shporer, Keivan G. Stassun, Joe Twicken, Gavin Wang, Daniel A. Yahalomi, Jon Jenkins, David W. Latham, George R. Ricker, S. Seager, Roland Vanderspek, Joshua N. Winn

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

We present the discovery of two nearly identically sized sub-Neptune transiting planets orbiting HD 63935, a bright (V = 8.6 mag), Sun-like (Teff = 5560 K) star at 49 pc. TESS identified the first planet, HD 63935 b (TOI- 509.01), in Sectors 7 and 34. We identified the second signal (HD 63935 c) in Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Lick Automated Planet Finder radial velocity data as part of our follow-up campaign. It was subsequently confirmed with TESS photometry in Sector 34 as TOI-509.02. Our analysis of the photometric and radial velocity data yielded a robust detection of both planets with periods of 9.0600 ± 0.007 and 21.40 ± 0.0019 days, radii of 2.99 ± 0.14 and 2.90 ± 0.13 R?, and masses of 10.8 ± 1.8 and 11.1 ± 2.4 M?. We calculated densities for planets b and c consistent with a few percent of the planet mass in hydrogen/helium envelopes. We also describe our survey's efforts to choose the best targets for James Webb Space Telescope atmospheric followup. These efforts suggest that HD 63935 b has the most clearly visible atmosphere of its class. It is the best target for transmission spectroscopy (ranked by the transmission spectroscopy metric, a proxy for atmospheric observability) in the so far uncharacterized parameter space comprising sub-Neptune-sized (2.6 R? < Rp < 4 R?), moderately irradiated (100 F? < Fp < 1000 F?) planets around G stars. Planet c is also a viable target for transmission spectroscopy, and given the indistinguishable masses and radii of the two planets, the system serves as a natural laboratory for examining the processes that shape the evolution of sub-Neptune planets.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	215
Journal	Astronomical Journal
Volume	162
Issue number	5
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb
State	Published - Nov 1 2021

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

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Scarsdale, N., Akana Murphy, J. M., Batalha, N. M., Crossfield, I. J. M., Dressing, C. D., Fulton, B., Howard, A. W., Huber, D., Isaacson, H., Kane, S. R., Petigura, E. A., Robertson, P., Roy, A., Weiss, L. M., Beard, C., Behmard, A., Chontos, A., Christiansen, J. L., Ciardi, D. R., ... Winn, J. N. (2021). TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935. Astronomical Journal, 162(5), Article 215. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

@article{28c11b204e4a40849897ff1f475913d6,

title = "TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935",

abstract = "We present the discovery of two nearly identically sized sub-Neptune transiting planets orbiting HD 63935, a bright (V = 8.6 mag), Sun-like (Teff = 5560 K) star at 49 pc. TESS identified the first planet, HD 63935 b (TOI- 509.01), in Sectors 7 and 34. We identified the second signal (HD 63935 c) in Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Lick Automated Planet Finder radial velocity data as part of our follow-up campaign. It was subsequently confirmed with TESS photometry in Sector 34 as TOI-509.02. Our analysis of the photometric and radial velocity data yielded a robust detection of both planets with periods of 9.0600 ± 0.007 and 21.40 ± 0.0019 days, radii of 2.99 ± 0.14 and 2.90 ± 0.13 R?, and masses of 10.8 ± 1.8 and 11.1 ± 2.4 M?. We calculated densities for planets b and c consistent with a few percent of the planet mass in hydrogen/helium envelopes. We also describe our survey's efforts to choose the best targets for James Webb Space Telescope atmospheric followup. These efforts suggest that HD 63935 b has the most clearly visible atmosphere of its class. It is the best target for transmission spectroscopy (ranked by the transmission spectroscopy metric, a proxy for atmospheric observability) in the so far uncharacterized parameter space comprising sub-Neptune-sized (2.6 R? < Rp < 4 R?), moderately irradiated (100 F? < Fp < 1000 F?) planets around G stars. Planet c is also a viable target for transmission spectroscopy, and given the indistinguishable masses and radii of the two planets, the system serves as a natural laboratory for examining the processes that shape the evolution of sub-Neptune planets.",

author = "Nicholas Scarsdale and {Akana Murphy}, {Joseph M.} and Batalha, {Natalie M.} and Crossfield, {Ian J.M.} and Dressing, {Courtney D.} and Benjamin Fulton and Howard, {Andrew W.} and Daniel Huber and Howard Isaacson and Kane, {Stephen R.} and Petigura, {Erik A.} and Paul Robertson and Arpita Roy and Weiss, {Lauren M.} and Corey Beard and Aida Behmard and Ashley Chontos and Christiansen, {Jessie L.} and Ciardi, {David R.} and Claytor, {Zachary R.} and Collins, {Karen A.} and Collins, {Kevin I.} and Fei Dai and Dalba, {Paul A.} and Diana Dragomir and Tara Fetherolf and Akihiko Fukui and Steven Giacalone and Gonzales, {Erica J.} and Hill, {Michelle L.} and Hirsch, {Lea A.} and Jensen, {Eric L.N.} and Kosiarek, {Molly R.} and {De Leon}, {Jerome P.} and Jack Lubin and Lund, {Michael B.} and Rafael Luque and Mayo, {Andrew W.} and Teo Mocnik and Mayuko Mori and Norio Narita and Grzegorz Nowak and Enric Pall{\'e} and Markus Rabus and Rosenthal, {Lee J.} and Rubenzahl, {Ryan A.} and Schlieder, {Joshua E.} and Avi Shporer and Stassun, {Keivan G.} and Joe Twicken and Gavin Wang and Yahalomi, {Daniel A.} and Jon Jenkins and Latham, {David W.} and Ricker, {George R.} and S. Seager and Roland Vanderspek and Winn, {Joshua N.}",

year = "2021",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "162",

journal = "Astronomical Journal",

issn = "0004-6256",

publisher = "American Astronomical Society",

number = "5",

}

Scarsdale, N, Akana Murphy, JM, Batalha, NM, Crossfield, IJM, Dressing, CD, Fulton, B, Howard, AW, Huber, D, Isaacson, H, Kane, SR, Petigura, EA, Robertson, P, Roy, A, Weiss, LM, Beard, C, Behmard, A, Chontos, A, Christiansen, JL, Ciardi, DR, Claytor, ZR, Collins, KA, Collins, KI, Dai, F, Dalba, PA, Dragomir, D, Fetherolf, T, Fukui, A, Giacalone, S, Gonzales, EJ, Hill, ML, Hirsch, LA, Jensen, ELN, Kosiarek, MR, De Leon, JP, Lubin, J, Lund, MB, Luque, R, Mayo, AW, Mocnik, T, Mori, M, Narita, N, Nowak, G, Pallé, E, Rabus, M, Rosenthal, LJ, Rubenzahl, RA, Schlieder, JE, Shporer, A, Stassun, KG, Twicken, J, Wang, G, Yahalomi, DA, Jenkins, J, Latham, DW, Ricker, GR, Seager, S, Vanderspek, R & Winn, JN 2021, 'TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935', Astronomical Journal, vol. 162, no. 5, 215. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

TY - JOUR

T1 - TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935

AU - Scarsdale, Nicholas

AU - Akana Murphy, Joseph M.

AU - Batalha, Natalie M.

AU - Crossfield, Ian J.M.

AU - Dressing, Courtney D.

AU - Fulton, Benjamin

AU - Howard, Andrew W.

AU - Huber, Daniel

AU - Isaacson, Howard

AU - Kane, Stephen R.

AU - Petigura, Erik A.

AU - Robertson, Paul

AU - Roy, Arpita

AU - Weiss, Lauren M.

AU - Beard, Corey

AU - Behmard, Aida

AU - Chontos, Ashley

AU - Christiansen, Jessie L.

AU - Ciardi, David R.

AU - Claytor, Zachary R.

AU - Collins, Karen A.

AU - Collins, Kevin I.

AU - Dai, Fei

AU - Dalba, Paul A.

AU - Dragomir, Diana

AU - Fetherolf, Tara

AU - Fukui, Akihiko

AU - Giacalone, Steven

AU - Gonzales, Erica J.

AU - Hill, Michelle L.

AU - Hirsch, Lea A.

AU - Jensen, Eric L.N.

AU - Kosiarek, Molly R.

AU - De Leon, Jerome P.

AU - Lubin, Jack

AU - Lund, Michael B.

AU - Luque, Rafael

AU - Mayo, Andrew W.

AU - Mocnik, Teo

AU - Mori, Mayuko

AU - Narita, Norio

AU - Nowak, Grzegorz

AU - Pallé, Enric

AU - Rabus, Markus

AU - Rosenthal, Lee J.

AU - Rubenzahl, Ryan A.

AU - Schlieder, Joshua E.

AU - Shporer, Avi

AU - Stassun, Keivan G.

AU - Twicken, Joe

AU - Wang, Gavin

AU - Yahalomi, Daniel A.

AU - Jenkins, Jon

AU - Latham, David W.

AU - Ricker, George R.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Vanderspek, Roland

AU - Winn, Joshua N.

PY - 2021/11/1

Y1 - 2021/11/1

N2 - We present the discovery of two nearly identically sized sub-Neptune transiting planets orbiting HD 63935, a bright (V = 8.6 mag), Sun-like (Teff = 5560 K) star at 49 pc. TESS identified the first planet, HD 63935 b (TOI- 509.01), in Sectors 7 and 34. We identified the second signal (HD 63935 c) in Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Lick Automated Planet Finder radial velocity data as part of our follow-up campaign. It was subsequently confirmed with TESS photometry in Sector 34 as TOI-509.02. Our analysis of the photometric and radial velocity data yielded a robust detection of both planets with periods of 9.0600 ± 0.007 and 21.40 ± 0.0019 days, radii of 2.99 ± 0.14 and 2.90 ± 0.13 R?, and masses of 10.8 ± 1.8 and 11.1 ± 2.4 M?. We calculated densities for planets b and c consistent with a few percent of the planet mass in hydrogen/helium envelopes. We also describe our survey's efforts to choose the best targets for James Webb Space Telescope atmospheric followup. These efforts suggest that HD 63935 b has the most clearly visible atmosphere of its class. It is the best target for transmission spectroscopy (ranked by the transmission spectroscopy metric, a proxy for atmospheric observability) in the so far uncharacterized parameter space comprising sub-Neptune-sized (2.6 R? < Rp < 4 R?), moderately irradiated (100 F? < Fp < 1000 F?) planets around G stars. Planet c is also a viable target for transmission spectroscopy, and given the indistinguishable masses and radii of the two planets, the system serves as a natural laboratory for examining the processes that shape the evolution of sub-Neptune planets.

AB - We present the discovery of two nearly identically sized sub-Neptune transiting planets orbiting HD 63935, a bright (V = 8.6 mag), Sun-like (Teff = 5560 K) star at 49 pc. TESS identified the first planet, HD 63935 b (TOI- 509.01), in Sectors 7 and 34. We identified the second signal (HD 63935 c) in Keck High Resolution Echelle Spectrometer and Lick Automated Planet Finder radial velocity data as part of our follow-up campaign. It was subsequently confirmed with TESS photometry in Sector 34 as TOI-509.02. Our analysis of the photometric and radial velocity data yielded a robust detection of both planets with periods of 9.0600 ± 0.007 and 21.40 ± 0.0019 days, radii of 2.99 ± 0.14 and 2.90 ± 0.13 R?, and masses of 10.8 ± 1.8 and 11.1 ± 2.4 M?. We calculated densities for planets b and c consistent with a few percent of the planet mass in hydrogen/helium envelopes. We also describe our survey's efforts to choose the best targets for James Webb Space Telescope atmospheric followup. These efforts suggest that HD 63935 b has the most clearly visible atmosphere of its class. It is the best target for transmission spectroscopy (ranked by the transmission spectroscopy metric, a proxy for atmospheric observability) in the so far uncharacterized parameter space comprising sub-Neptune-sized (2.6 R? < Rp < 4 R?), moderately irradiated (100 F? < Fp < 1000 F?) planets around G stars. Planet c is also a viable target for transmission spectroscopy, and given the indistinguishable masses and radii of the two planets, the system serves as a natural laboratory for examining the processes that shape the evolution of sub-Neptune planets.

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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85119061859&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

DO - 10.3847/1538-3881/ac18cb

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85119061859

SN - 0004-6256

VL - 162

JO - Astronomical Journal

JF - Astronomical Journal

IS - 5

M1 - 215

ER -

TESS-keck survey. V. twin sub-neptunes transiting the nearby G Star HD 63935

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