@article{439be39ccd514aeaa81b658641ed4103,
title = "Tailored mesoporous structures of lignin-derived nano-carbons for multiple applications",
abstract = "This work uses a one-step KOH activation for lignin precursors to produce ultra-high mesoporous activated carbons (ACs) with an unprecedented combination of the surface area of 3207 m2 g−1 and mesopore ratio of 76%. The ACs are applied for supercapacitors (SCs) and methylene blue (MB) adsorption. The capacitance of the SCs in the three-electrode system reaches 812.3 F g−1 and demonstrates a remarkable maximum MB adsorption capacity of 1250 mg g−1. By modifying the process conditions, the mesopore ratio of ACs could be controlled from 10% to 80%. Compared with one-step activation, a two-step method produced microporous carbons with a lower surface area of 1227 m2 g−1 and a high micropore ratio of 73%. The capacitance of SCs with two-step ACs reached 228.1 F g−1 and the maximum adsorption capacity of 476.19 mg g−1 for MB adsorption. The two-step method limited the surface area but had a higher oxygen surface functionality, benefiting its electrochemical performance. A techno-economic analysis reveals that the one-step KOH activation-based process develops ACs with a minimum selling price of $7648/ton. This work demonstrates tuning the processing-structure-property-performance relationship of lignin-based ACs to make an economically viable domestic carbon source.",
keywords = "Dye adsorption, Economic analysis, Lignin, Mesoporous activated carbons, Supercapacitors, Surface area",
author = "Lu Yu and Luna Liang and Ishan Bajaj and Kendhl Seabright and Keffer, {David J.} and Ivanov, {Ilia N.} and Hao Chen and Sheng Dai and Ragauskas, {Arthur J.} and Maravelias, {Christos T.} and Harper, {David P.}",
note = "Funding Information: Optical characterization of materials was conducted as part of a user project at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research was supported by a grant from the US Department of Energy BioEnergy Technologies Office through the Biomass Research and Development Initiative award DE- EE0008353.0000. LY received partial support from the Center for Materials Processing, a Tennessee Higher Education Commission (THEC) . DH acknowledges support from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture , Hatch Project 1012359. H.C. and S.D. were sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. Funding Information: Optical characterization of materials was conducted as part of a user project at the Center for Nanophase Materials Sciences (CNMS), which is a US Department of Energy, Office of Science User Facility at Oak Ridge National Laboratory. This research was supported by a grant from the US Department of Energy BioEnergy Technologies Office through the Biomass Research and Development Initiative award DE- EE0008353.0000. LY received partial support from the Center for Materials Processing, a Tennessee Higher Education Commission (THEC). DH acknowledges support from the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture, Hatch Project 1012359. H.C. and S.D. were sponsored by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy Sciences, Chemical Sciences, Geosciences, and Biosciences Division. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 Elsevier Ltd",
year = "2023",
month = sep,
doi = "10.1016/j.carbon.2023.118285",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "213",
journal = "Carbon",
issn = "0008-6223",
publisher = "Elsevier Limited",
}