Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry

Michihiro Takami; Yasuhiro Hasegawa; Takayuki Muto; Pin Gao Gu; Ruobing Dong; Jennifer L. Karr; Jun Hashimoto; Nobuyuki Kusakabe; Edwige Chapillon; Ya Wen Tang; Youchi Itoh; Joseph Carson; Katherine B. Follette; Satoshi Mayama; Michael Sitko; Markus Janson; Carol A. Grady; Tomoyuki Kudo; Eiji Akiyama; Jungmi Kwon; Yasuhiro Takahashi; Takuya Suenaga; Lyu Abe; Wolfgang Brandner; Timothy D. Brandt; Thayne Currie; Sebastian E. Egner; Markus Feldt; Olivier Guyon; Yutaka Hayano; Masahiko Hayashi; Saeko Hayashi; Thomas Henning; Klaus W. Hodapp; Mitsuhiko Honda; Miki Ishii; Masanori Iye; Ryo Kandori; Gillian R. Knapp; Masayuki Kuzuhara; Michael W. McElwain; Taro Matsuo; Shoken Miyama; Jun Ichi Morino; Amaya Moro-Martin; Tetsuo Nishimura; Tae Soo Pyo; Eugene Serabyn; Hiroshi Suto; Ryuji Suzuki; Naruhisa Takato; Hiroshi Terada; Christian Thalmann; Daigo Tomono; Edwin L. Turner; John P. Wisniewski; Makoto Watanabe; Toru Yamada; Hideki Takami; Tomonori Usuda; Motohide Tamura

doi:10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry

Michihiro Takami, Yasuhiro Hasegawa, Takayuki Muto, Pin Gao Gu, Ruobing Dong, Jennifer L. Karr, Jun Hashimoto, Nobuyuki Kusakabe, Edwige Chapillon, Ya Wen Tang, Youchi Itoh, Joseph Carson, Katherine B. Follette, Satoshi Mayama, Michael Sitko, Markus Janson, Carol A. Grady, Tomoyuki Kudo, Eiji Akiyama, Jungmi KwonYasuhiro Takahashi, Takuya Suenaga, Lyu Abe, Wolfgang Brandner, Timothy D. Brandt, Thayne Currie, Sebastian E. Egner, Markus Feldt, Olivier Guyon, Yutaka Hayano, Masahiko Hayashi, Saeko Hayashi, Thomas Henning, Klaus W. Hodapp, Mitsuhiko Honda, Miki Ishii, Masanori Iye, Ryo Kandori, Gillian R. Knapp, Masayuki Kuzuhara, Michael W. McElwain, Taro Matsuo, Shoken Miyama, Jun Ichi Morino, Amaya Moro-Martin, Tetsuo Nishimura, Tae Soo Pyo, Eugene Serabyn, Hiroshi Suto, Ryuji Suzuki, Naruhisa Takato, Hiroshi Terada, Christian Thalmann, Daigo Tomono, Edwin L. Turner, John P. Wisniewski, Makoto Watanabe, Toru Yamada, Hideki Takami, Tomonori Usuda, Motohide Tamura

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

We present a new method of analysis for determining the surface geometry of five protoplanetary disks observed with near-infrared imaging polarimetry using Subaru-HiCIAO. Using as inputs the observed distribution of polarized intensity (PI), disk inclination, assumed properties for dust scattering, and other reasonable approximations, we calculate a differential equation to derive the surface geometry. This equation is numerically integrated along the distance from the star at a given position angle. We show that, using these approximations, the local maxima in the PI distribution of spiral arms (SAO 206462, MWC 758) and rings (2MASS J16042165-2130284, PDS 70) are associated with local concave-up structures on the disk surface. We also show that the observed presence of an inner gap in scattered light still allows the possibility of a disk surface that is parallel to the light path from the star, or a disk that is shadowed by structures in the inner radii. Our analysis for rings does not show the presence of a vertical inner wall as often assumed in studies of disks with an inner gap. Finally, we summarize the implications of spiral and ring structures as potential signatures of ongoing planet formation.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	71
Journal	Astrophysical Journal
Volume	795
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71
State	Published - Nov 1 2014

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

polarization
protoplanetary disks
stars: individual (SAO 206462, MWC 758, 2MASS J16042165?2130284, PDS 70, MWC 480)
stars: pre-main sequence

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10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

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Takami, M., Hasegawa, Y., Muto, T., Gu, P. G., Dong, R., Karr, J. L., Hashimoto, J., Kusakabe, N., Chapillon, E., Tang, Y. W., Itoh, Y., Carson, J., Follette, K. B., Mayama, S., Sitko, M., Janson, M., Grady, C. A., Kudo, T., Akiyama, E., ... Tamura, M. (2014). Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry. Astrophysical Journal, 795(1), Article 71. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

@article{73823f77443b4ee0a65bc8414fbcde3b,

title = "Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry",

abstract = "We present a new method of analysis for determining the surface geometry of five protoplanetary disks observed with near-infrared imaging polarimetry using Subaru-HiCIAO. Using as inputs the observed distribution of polarized intensity (PI), disk inclination, assumed properties for dust scattering, and other reasonable approximations, we calculate a differential equation to derive the surface geometry. This equation is numerically integrated along the distance from the star at a given position angle. We show that, using these approximations, the local maxima in the PI distribution of spiral arms (SAO 206462, MWC 758) and rings (2MASS J16042165-2130284, PDS 70) are associated with local concave-up structures on the disk surface. We also show that the observed presence of an inner gap in scattered light still allows the possibility of a disk surface that is parallel to the light path from the star, or a disk that is shadowed by structures in the inner radii. Our analysis for rings does not show the presence of a vertical inner wall as often assumed in studies of disks with an inner gap. Finally, we summarize the implications of spiral and ring structures as potential signatures of ongoing planet formation.",

keywords = "polarization, protoplanetary disks, stars: individual (SAO 206462, MWC 758, 2MASS J16042165?2130284, PDS 70, MWC 480), stars: pre-main sequence",

author = "Michihiro Takami and Yasuhiro Hasegawa and Takayuki Muto and Gu, {Pin Gao} and Ruobing Dong and Karr, {Jennifer L.} and Jun Hashimoto and Nobuyuki Kusakabe and Edwige Chapillon and Tang, {Ya Wen} and Youchi Itoh and Joseph Carson and Follette, {Katherine B.} and Satoshi Mayama and Michael Sitko and Markus Janson and Grady, {Carol A.} and Tomoyuki Kudo and Eiji Akiyama and Jungmi Kwon and Yasuhiro Takahashi and Takuya Suenaga and Lyu Abe and Wolfgang Brandner and Brandt, {Timothy D.} and Thayne Currie and Egner, {Sebastian E.} and Markus Feldt and Olivier Guyon and Yutaka Hayano and Masahiko Hayashi and Saeko Hayashi and Thomas Henning and Hodapp, {Klaus W.} and Mitsuhiko Honda and Miki Ishii and Masanori Iye and Ryo Kandori and Knapp, {Gillian R.} and Masayuki Kuzuhara and McElwain, {Michael W.} and Taro Matsuo and Shoken Miyama and Morino, {Jun Ichi} and Amaya Moro-Martin and Tetsuo Nishimura and Pyo, {Tae Soo} and Eugene Serabyn and Hiroshi Suto and Ryuji Suzuki and Naruhisa Takato and Hiroshi Terada and Christian Thalmann and Daigo Tomono and Turner, {Edwin L.} and Wisniewski, {John P.} and Makoto Watanabe and Toru Yamada and Hideki Takami and Tomonori Usuda and Motohide Tamura",

year = "2014",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "795",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal",

issn = "0004-637X",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "1",

}

Takami, M, Hasegawa, Y, Muto, T, Gu, PG, Dong, R, Karr, JL, Hashimoto, J, Kusakabe, N, Chapillon, E, Tang, YW, Itoh, Y, Carson, J, Follette, KB, Mayama, S, Sitko, M, Janson, M, Grady, CA, Kudo, T, Akiyama, E, Kwon, J, Takahashi, Y, Suenaga, T, Abe, L, Brandner, W, Brandt, TD, Currie, T, Egner, SE, Feldt, M, Guyon, O, Hayano, Y, Hayashi, M, Hayashi, S, Henning, T, Hodapp, KW, Honda, M, Ishii, M, Iye, M, Kandori, R, Knapp, GR, Kuzuhara, M, McElwain, MW, Matsuo, T, Miyama, S, Morino, JI, Moro-Martin, A, Nishimura, T, Pyo, TS, Serabyn, E, Suto, H, Suzuki, R, Takato, N, Terada, H, Thalmann, C, Tomono, D, Turner, EL, Wisniewski, JP, Watanabe, M, Yamada, T, Takami, H, Usuda, T & Tamura, M 2014, 'Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry', Astrophysical Journal, vol. 795, no. 1, 71. https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

TY - JOUR

T1 - Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry

AU - Takami, Michihiro

AU - Hasegawa, Yasuhiro

AU - Muto, Takayuki

AU - Gu, Pin Gao

AU - Dong, Ruobing

AU - Karr, Jennifer L.

AU - Hashimoto, Jun

AU - Kusakabe, Nobuyuki

AU - Chapillon, Edwige

AU - Tang, Ya Wen

AU - Itoh, Youchi

AU - Carson, Joseph

AU - Follette, Katherine B.

AU - Mayama, Satoshi

AU - Sitko, Michael

AU - Janson, Markus

AU - Grady, Carol A.

AU - Kudo, Tomoyuki

AU - Akiyama, Eiji

AU - Kwon, Jungmi

AU - Takahashi, Yasuhiro

AU - Suenaga, Takuya

AU - Abe, Lyu

AU - Brandner, Wolfgang

AU - Brandt, Timothy D.

AU - Currie, Thayne

AU - Egner, Sebastian E.

AU - Feldt, Markus

AU - Guyon, Olivier

AU - Hayano, Yutaka

AU - Hayashi, Masahiko

AU - Hayashi, Saeko

AU - Henning, Thomas

AU - Hodapp, Klaus W.

AU - Honda, Mitsuhiko

AU - Ishii, Miki

AU - Iye, Masanori

AU - Kandori, Ryo

AU - Knapp, Gillian R.

AU - Kuzuhara, Masayuki

AU - McElwain, Michael W.

AU - Matsuo, Taro

AU - Miyama, Shoken

AU - Morino, Jun Ichi

AU - Moro-Martin, Amaya

AU - Nishimura, Tetsuo

AU - Pyo, Tae Soo

AU - Serabyn, Eugene

AU - Suto, Hiroshi

AU - Suzuki, Ryuji

AU - Takato, Naruhisa

AU - Terada, Hiroshi

AU - Thalmann, Christian

AU - Tomono, Daigo

AU - Turner, Edwin L.

AU - Wisniewski, John P.

AU - Watanabe, Makoto

AU - Yamada, Toru

AU - Takami, Hideki

AU - Usuda, Tomonori

AU - Tamura, Motohide

PY - 2014/11/1

Y1 - 2014/11/1

N2 - We present a new method of analysis for determining the surface geometry of five protoplanetary disks observed with near-infrared imaging polarimetry using Subaru-HiCIAO. Using as inputs the observed distribution of polarized intensity (PI), disk inclination, assumed properties for dust scattering, and other reasonable approximations, we calculate a differential equation to derive the surface geometry. This equation is numerically integrated along the distance from the star at a given position angle. We show that, using these approximations, the local maxima in the PI distribution of spiral arms (SAO 206462, MWC 758) and rings (2MASS J16042165-2130284, PDS 70) are associated with local concave-up structures on the disk surface. We also show that the observed presence of an inner gap in scattered light still allows the possibility of a disk surface that is parallel to the light path from the star, or a disk that is shadowed by structures in the inner radii. Our analysis for rings does not show the presence of a vertical inner wall as often assumed in studies of disks with an inner gap. Finally, we summarize the implications of spiral and ring structures as potential signatures of ongoing planet formation.

AB - We present a new method of analysis for determining the surface geometry of five protoplanetary disks observed with near-infrared imaging polarimetry using Subaru-HiCIAO. Using as inputs the observed distribution of polarized intensity (PI), disk inclination, assumed properties for dust scattering, and other reasonable approximations, we calculate a differential equation to derive the surface geometry. This equation is numerically integrated along the distance from the star at a given position angle. We show that, using these approximations, the local maxima in the PI distribution of spiral arms (SAO 206462, MWC 758) and rings (2MASS J16042165-2130284, PDS 70) are associated with local concave-up structures on the disk surface. We also show that the observed presence of an inner gap in scattered light still allows the possibility of a disk surface that is parallel to the light path from the star, or a disk that is shadowed by structures in the inner radii. Our analysis for rings does not show the presence of a vertical inner wall as often assumed in studies of disks with an inner gap. Finally, we summarize the implications of spiral and ring structures as potential signatures of ongoing planet formation.

KW - polarization

KW - protoplanetary disks

KW - stars: individual (SAO 206462, MWC 758, 2MASS J16042165?2130284, PDS 70, MWC 480)

KW - stars: pre-main sequence

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84908049246&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84908049246&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

DO - 10.1088/0004-637X/795/1/71

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84908049246

SN - 0004-637X

VL - 795

JO - Astrophysical Journal

JF - Astrophysical Journal

IS - 1

M1 - 71

ER -

Surface geometry of protoplanetary disks inferred from near-infrared imaging polarimetry

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Keywords

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