Structural plasticity and hippocampal function

Benedetta Leuner, Elizabeth Gould

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

354 Scopus citations

Abstract

The hippocampus is a region of the mammalian brain that shows an impressive capacity for structural reorganization. Preexisting neural circuits undergo modifications in dendritic complexity and synapse number, and entirely novel neural connections are formed through the process of neurogenesis. These types of structural change were once thought to be restricted to development. However, it is now generally accepted that the hippocampus remains structurally plastic throughout life. This article reviews structural plasticity in the hippocampus over the lifespan, including how it is investigated experimentally. The modulation of structural plasticity by various experiential factors as well as the possible role it may have in hippocampal functions such as learning and memory, anxiety, and stress regulation are also considered. Although significant progress has been made in many of these areas, we highlight some of the outstanding issues that remain.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)111-140
Number of pages30
JournalAnnual review of psychology
Volume61
DOIs
StatePublished - Jan 10 2010

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Psychology

Keywords

  • Adult neurogenesis
  • Anxiety
  • Learning
  • Memory
  • Synapse

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