TY - JOUR
T1 - Stereotypes as Historical Accidents
T2 - Images of Social Class in Postcommunist Versus Capitalist Societies
AU - Grigoryan, Lusine
AU - Bai, Xuechunzi
AU - Durante, Federica
AU - Fiske, Susan T.
AU - Fabrykant, Marharyta
AU - Hakobjanyan, Anna
AU - Javakhishvili, Nino
AU - Kadirov, Kamoliddin
AU - Kotova, Marina
AU - Makashvili, Ana
AU - Maloku, Edona
AU - Morozova-Larina, Olga
AU - Mullabaeva, Nozima
AU - Samekin, Adil
AU - Verbilovich, Volha
AU - Yahiiaiev, Illia
N1 - Funding Information:
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2077-1975 Grigoryan Lusine 1 Bai Xuechunzi 2 Durante Federica 3 Fiske Susan T. 2 Fabrykant Marharyta 4 Hakobjanyan Anna 5 Javakhishvili Nino 6 Kadirov Kamoliddin 7 Kotova Marina 4 Makashvili Ana 6 https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5961-8671 Maloku Edona 8 Morozova-Larina Olga 9 Mullabaeva Nozima 7 Samekin Adil 10 Verbilovich Volha 4 Yahiiaiev Illia 9 1 Ruhr University Bochum, Germany 2 Princeton University, NJ, USA 3 University of Milano–Bicocca, Italy 4 National Research University Higher School of Economics, Moscow, Russia 5 Yerevan State University, Armenia 6 Ilia State University, Tbilisi, Georgia 7 National University of Uzbekistan named after Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan 8 RIT Kosovo (A.U.K), Prishtina, Kosovo 9 Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine 10 S. Toraighyrov Pavlodar State University, Kazakhstan Lusine Grigoryan, Faculty of Psychology, Ruhr University Bochum, IB4/53, Universitätsstraße 150, Bochum 44801, Germany. Email: lusine.grigoryan@rub.de Xuechunzi Bai, Department of Psychology, Princeton University, Peretsman Scully Hall 330, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA. Email: xb2@princeton.edu 10 2019 0146167219881434 27 1 2019 16 8 2019 © 2019 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc 2019 Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc. Stereotypes are ideological and justify the existing social structure. Although stereotypes persist, they can change when the context changes. Communism’s rise in Eastern Europe and Asia in the 20th century provides a natural experiment examining social-structural effects on social class stereotypes. Nine samples from postcommunist countries ( N = 2,241), compared with 38 capitalist countries ( N = 4,344), support the historical, sociocultural rootedness of stereotypes. More positive stereotypes of the working class appear in postcommunist countries, both compared with other social groups in the country and compared with working-class stereotypes in capitalist countries; postcommunist countries also show more negative stereotypes of the upper class. We further explore whether communism’s ideological legacy reflects how societies infer groups’ stereotypic competence and warmth from structural status and competition. Postcommunist societies show weaker status–competence relations and stronger (negative) competition–warmth relations; respectively, the lower meritocratic beliefs and higher priority of embeddedness as ideological legacies may shape these relationships. social class stereotype historical context communism capitalism edited-state corrected-proof Authors’ Note The first two authors contributed equally to this article. After the first four authors, the remaining authors are listed alphabetically. Declaration of Conflicting Interests The author(s) declared no potential conflicts of interest with respect to the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article. Funding The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The work of M. Fabrykant, M. Kotova, and V. Verbilovich is an output of research projects implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and was supported within the framework of a subsidy by the Russian Academic Excellence Project ‘5-100’. ORCID iDs Lusine Grigoryan https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2077-1975 Edona Maloku https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5961-8671 Supplemental Material Supplemental material is available online with this article.
Funding Information:
The author(s) disclosed receipt of the following financial support for the research, authorship, and/or publication of this article: The work of M. Fabrykant, M. Kotova, and V. Verbilovich is an output of research projects implemented as part of the Basic Research Program at the National Research University Higher School of Economics (HSE) and was supported within the framework of a subsidy by the Russian Academic Excellence Project ?5-100?.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2019 by the Society for Personality and Social Psychology, Inc.
PY - 2020/6/1
Y1 - 2020/6/1
N2 - Stereotypes are ideological and justify the existing social structure. Although stereotypes persist, they can change when the context changes. Communism’s rise in Eastern Europe and Asia in the 20th century provides a natural experiment examining social-structural effects on social class stereotypes. Nine samples from postcommunist countries (N = 2,241), compared with 38 capitalist countries (N = 4,344), support the historical, sociocultural rootedness of stereotypes. More positive stereotypes of the working class appear in postcommunist countries, both compared with other social groups in the country and compared with working-class stereotypes in capitalist countries; postcommunist countries also show more negative stereotypes of the upper class. We further explore whether communism’s ideological legacy reflects how societies infer groups’ stereotypic competence and warmth from structural status and competition. Postcommunist societies show weaker status–competence relations and stronger (negative) competition–warmth relations; respectively, the lower meritocratic beliefs and higher priority of embeddedness as ideological legacies may shape these relationships.
AB - Stereotypes are ideological and justify the existing social structure. Although stereotypes persist, they can change when the context changes. Communism’s rise in Eastern Europe and Asia in the 20th century provides a natural experiment examining social-structural effects on social class stereotypes. Nine samples from postcommunist countries (N = 2,241), compared with 38 capitalist countries (N = 4,344), support the historical, sociocultural rootedness of stereotypes. More positive stereotypes of the working class appear in postcommunist countries, both compared with other social groups in the country and compared with working-class stereotypes in capitalist countries; postcommunist countries also show more negative stereotypes of the upper class. We further explore whether communism’s ideological legacy reflects how societies infer groups’ stereotypic competence and warmth from structural status and competition. Postcommunist societies show weaker status–competence relations and stronger (negative) competition–warmth relations; respectively, the lower meritocratic beliefs and higher priority of embeddedness as ideological legacies may shape these relationships.
KW - capitalism
KW - communism
KW - historical context
KW - social class
KW - stereotype
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85074599615&partnerID=8YFLogxK
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U2 - 10.1177/0146167219881434
DO - 10.1177/0146167219881434
M3 - Article
C2 - 31610737
AN - SCOPUS:85074599615
SN - 0146-1672
VL - 46
SP - 927
EP - 943
JO - Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
JF - Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin
IS - 6
ER -