Status of local transport measurements and analysis in toroidal devices

This paper reviews the status of methods used to analyze local transport of particles, energy, and angular momentum in plasmas contained in toroidal fusion devices. The standard technique at present is based on determination of particle, energy, and momentum fluxes through analysis based on measured profiles of density, temperature and angular rotation speed and on calculation of all sources of particles, energy, and momentum. Recent experiments have also been done using perturbations of local density, temperature, or angular rotation speed caused by modulating the input sources. The local transport information is then extracted from the time history of the perturbations. These two techniques are contrasted and the strengths of each are discussed in this paper. Recommendations for further work needed to make progress in understanding transport are also given.