Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe

M. E. Hill; D. G. Mitchell; R. C. Allen; G. A. De Nolfo; A. Vourlidas; L. E. Brown; S. I. Jones; D. J. McComas; R. L. McNutt; J. G. Mitchell; J. R. Szalay; S. Wallace; C. N. Arge; E. R. Christian; C. M.S. Cohen; A. B. Crew; M. I. Desai; J. Giacalone; C. J. Henney; C. J. Joyce; S. M. Krimigis; R. A. Leske; R. A. Mewaldt; K. S. Nelson; E. C. Roelof; N. A. Schwadron; M. E. Wiedenbeck

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d

Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe

M. E. Hill, D. G. Mitchell, R. C. Allen, G. A. De Nolfo, A. Vourlidas, L. E. Brown, S. I. Jones, D. J. McComas, R. L. McNutt, J. G. Mitchell, J. R. Szalay, S. Wallace, C. N. Arge, E. R. Christian, C. M.S. Cohen, A. B. Crew, M. I. Desai, J. Giacalone, C. J. Henney, C. J. JoyceS. M. Krimigis, R. A. Leske, R. A. Mewaldt, K. S. Nelson, E. C. Roelof, N. A. Schwadron, M. E. Wiedenbeck

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

The Energetic Particle Instrument-Low Energy (EPI-Lo) experiment has detected several weak, low-energy (∼30-300 keV nucleon^-1) solar energetic particle (SEP) events during its first two closest approaches to the Sun, providing a unique opportunity to explore the sources of low-energy particle acceleration. As part of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) suite, EPI-Lo was designed to investigate the physics of energetic particles; however, in the special lowest-energy "time-of-flight only" product used in this study, it also responds to solar photons in a subset of approximately sunward-looking apertures lacking special light-attenuating foils. During the first three perihelia, in a frame rotating with the Sun, PSP undergoes retrograde motion, covering a 17 heliographic longitudinal range three times during the course of the ∼11-day perihelion passes, permitting a unique spatial and temporal study into the location, correlation, and persistence of previously unmeasurable SEPs. We examine the signatures of these SEPs (during the first PSP perihelion pass only) and the connection to possible solar sources using remote observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO), and the ground-based Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). The orientation of the Sun relative to STEREO, SDO, and GONG makes such identifications challenging, but we do have several candidates, including an equatorial coronal hole at a Carrington longitude of ∼335 . To analyze observations from EPI-Lo, which is a new type of particle instrument, we examine instrumental effects and provide a preliminary separation of the ion signal from the photon background.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	65
Journal	Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume	246
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d
State	Published - Feb 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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Hill, M. E., Mitchell, D. G., Allen, R. C., De Nolfo, G. A., Vourlidas, A., Brown, L. E., Jones, S. I., McComas, D. J., McNutt, R. L., Mitchell, J. G., Szalay, J. R., Wallace, S., Arge, C. N., Christian, E. R., Cohen, C. M. S., Crew, A. B., Desai, M. I., Giacalone, J., Henney, C. J., ... Wiedenbeck, M. E. (2020). Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe. Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, 246(2), Article 65. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d

@article{31b1a9297e53410c8abf11e2f62ec748,

title = "Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe",

abstract = "The Energetic Particle Instrument-Low Energy (EPI-Lo) experiment has detected several weak, low-energy (∼30-300 keV nucleon-1) solar energetic particle (SEP) events during its first two closest approaches to the Sun, providing a unique opportunity to explore the sources of low-energy particle acceleration. As part of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) suite, EPI-Lo was designed to investigate the physics of energetic particles; however, in the special lowest-energy {"}time-of-flight only{"} product used in this study, it also responds to solar photons in a subset of approximately sunward-looking apertures lacking special light-attenuating foils. During the first three perihelia, in a frame rotating with the Sun, PSP undergoes retrograde motion, covering a 17 heliographic longitudinal range three times during the course of the ∼11-day perihelion passes, permitting a unique spatial and temporal study into the location, correlation, and persistence of previously unmeasurable SEPs. We examine the signatures of these SEPs (during the first PSP perihelion pass only) and the connection to possible solar sources using remote observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO), and the ground-based Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). The orientation of the Sun relative to STEREO, SDO, and GONG makes such identifications challenging, but we do have several candidates, including an equatorial coronal hole at a Carrington longitude of ∼335 . To analyze observations from EPI-Lo, which is a new type of particle instrument, we examine instrumental effects and provide a preliminary separation of the ion signal from the photon background.",

author = "Hill, {M. E.} and Mitchell, {D. G.} and Allen, {R. C.} and {De Nolfo}, {G. A.} and A. Vourlidas and Brown, {L. E.} and Jones, {S. I.} and McComas, {D. J.} and McNutt, {R. L.} and Mitchell, {J. G.} and Szalay, {J. R.} and S. Wallace and Arge, {C. N.} and Christian, {E. R.} and Cohen, {C. M.S.} and Crew, {A. B.} and Desai, {M. I.} and J. Giacalone and Henney, {C. J.} and Joyce, {C. J.} and Krimigis, {S. M.} and Leske, {R. A.} and Mewaldt, {R. A.} and Nelson, {K. S.} and Roelof, {E. C.} and Schwadron, {N. A.} and Wiedenbeck, {M. E.}",

year = "2020",

month = feb,

doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "246",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Hill, ME, Mitchell, DG, Allen, RC, De Nolfo, GA, Vourlidas, A, Brown, LE, Jones, SI, McComas, DJ, McNutt, RL, Mitchell, JG, Szalay, JR, Wallace, S, Arge, CN, Christian, ER, Cohen, CMS, Crew, AB, Desai, MI, Giacalone, J, Henney, CJ, Joyce, CJ, Krimigis, SM, Leske, RA, Mewaldt, RA, Nelson, KS, Roelof, EC, Schwadron, NA & Wiedenbeck, ME 2020, 'Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe', Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, vol. 246, no. 2, 65. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d

TY - JOUR

T1 - Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe

AU - Hill, M. E.

AU - Mitchell, D. G.

AU - Allen, R. C.

AU - De Nolfo, G. A.

AU - Vourlidas, A.

AU - Brown, L. E.

AU - Jones, S. I.

AU - McComas, D. J.

AU - McNutt, R. L.

AU - Mitchell, J. G.

AU - Szalay, J. R.

AU - Wallace, S.

AU - Arge, C. N.

AU - Christian, E. R.

AU - Cohen, C. M.S.

AU - Crew, A. B.

AU - Desai, M. I.

AU - Giacalone, J.

AU - Henney, C. J.

AU - Joyce, C. J.

AU - Krimigis, S. M.

AU - Leske, R. A.

AU - Mewaldt, R. A.

AU - Nelson, K. S.

AU - Roelof, E. C.

AU - Schwadron, N. A.

AU - Wiedenbeck, M. E.

PY - 2020/2

Y1 - 2020/2

N2 - The Energetic Particle Instrument-Low Energy (EPI-Lo) experiment has detected several weak, low-energy (∼30-300 keV nucleon-1) solar energetic particle (SEP) events during its first two closest approaches to the Sun, providing a unique opportunity to explore the sources of low-energy particle acceleration. As part of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) suite, EPI-Lo was designed to investigate the physics of energetic particles; however, in the special lowest-energy "time-of-flight only" product used in this study, it also responds to solar photons in a subset of approximately sunward-looking apertures lacking special light-attenuating foils. During the first three perihelia, in a frame rotating with the Sun, PSP undergoes retrograde motion, covering a 17 heliographic longitudinal range three times during the course of the ∼11-day perihelion passes, permitting a unique spatial and temporal study into the location, correlation, and persistence of previously unmeasurable SEPs. We examine the signatures of these SEPs (during the first PSP perihelion pass only) and the connection to possible solar sources using remote observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO), and the ground-based Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). The orientation of the Sun relative to STEREO, SDO, and GONG makes such identifications challenging, but we do have several candidates, including an equatorial coronal hole at a Carrington longitude of ∼335 . To analyze observations from EPI-Lo, which is a new type of particle instrument, we examine instrumental effects and provide a preliminary separation of the ion signal from the photon background.

AB - The Energetic Particle Instrument-Low Energy (EPI-Lo) experiment has detected several weak, low-energy (∼30-300 keV nucleon-1) solar energetic particle (SEP) events during its first two closest approaches to the Sun, providing a unique opportunity to explore the sources of low-energy particle acceleration. As part of the Parker Solar Probe (PSP) Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) suite, EPI-Lo was designed to investigate the physics of energetic particles; however, in the special lowest-energy "time-of-flight only" product used in this study, it also responds to solar photons in a subset of approximately sunward-looking apertures lacking special light-attenuating foils. During the first three perihelia, in a frame rotating with the Sun, PSP undergoes retrograde motion, covering a 17 heliographic longitudinal range three times during the course of the ∼11-day perihelion passes, permitting a unique spatial and temporal study into the location, correlation, and persistence of previously unmeasurable SEPs. We examine the signatures of these SEPs (during the first PSP perihelion pass only) and the connection to possible solar sources using remote observations from the Solar Dynamics Observatory (SDO), the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory (STEREO), and the ground-based Global Oscillation Network Group (GONG). The orientation of the Sun relative to STEREO, SDO, and GONG makes such identifications challenging, but we do have several candidates, including an equatorial coronal hole at a Carrington longitude of ∼335 . To analyze observations from EPI-Lo, which is a new type of particle instrument, we examine instrumental effects and provide a preliminary separation of the ion signal from the photon background.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85087219244&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85087219244&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d

DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/ab643d

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85087219244

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 246

JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

IS - 2

M1 - 65

ER -

Small, Low-energy, Dispersive Solar Energetic Particle Events Observed by Parker Solar Probe

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