Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite

Michael J. McAllister; Je Luen Li; Douglas H. Adamson; Hannes C. Schniepp; Ahmed A. Abdala; Jun Liu; Margarita Herrera-Alonso; David L. Milius; Roberto Car; Robert Krafft Prud'homme; Ilhan A. Aksay

doi:10.1021/cm0630800

Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite

Michael J. McAllister, Je Luen Li, Douglas H. Adamson, Hannes C. Schniepp, Ahmed A. Abdala, Jun Liu, Margarita Herrera-Alonso, David L. Milius, Roberto Car, Robert Krafft Prud'homme, Ilhan A. Aksay

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3355 Scopus citations

Abstract

A detailed analysis of the thermal expansion mechanism of graphite oxide to produce functionalized graphene sheets is provided. Exfoliation takes place when the decomposition rate of the epoxy and hydroxyl sites of graphite oxide exceeds the diffusion rate of the evolved gases, thus yielding pressures that exceed the van der Waals forces holding the graphene sheets together. A comparison of the Arrhenius dependence of the reaction rate against the calculated diffusion coefficient based on Knudsen diffusion suggests a critical temperature of 550 °C which must be exceeded for exfoliation to occur. As a result of their wrinkled nature, the functionalized and defective graphene sheets do not collapse back to graphite oxide but are highly agglomerated. After dispersion by ultrasonication in appropriate solvents, statistical analysis by atomic force microscopy shows that 80% of the observed flakes are single sheets.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	4396-4404
Number of pages	9
Journal	Chemistry of Materials
Volume	19
Issue number	18
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/cm0630800
State	Published - Sep 4 2007

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

General Chemistry
General Chemical Engineering
Materials Chemistry

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10.1021/cm0630800

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title = "Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite",

abstract = "A detailed analysis of the thermal expansion mechanism of graphite oxide to produce functionalized graphene sheets is provided. Exfoliation takes place when the decomposition rate of the epoxy and hydroxyl sites of graphite oxide exceeds the diffusion rate of the evolved gases, thus yielding pressures that exceed the van der Waals forces holding the graphene sheets together. A comparison of the Arrhenius dependence of the reaction rate against the calculated diffusion coefficient based on Knudsen diffusion suggests a critical temperature of 550 °C which must be exceeded for exfoliation to occur. As a result of their wrinkled nature, the functionalized and defective graphene sheets do not collapse back to graphite oxide but are highly agglomerated. After dispersion by ultrasonication in appropriate solvents, statistical analysis by atomic force microscopy shows that 80% of the observed flakes are single sheets.",

author = "McAllister, {Michael J.} and Li, {Je Luen} and Adamson, {Douglas H.} and Schniepp, {Hannes C.} and Abdala, {Ahmed A.} and Jun Liu and Margarita Herrera-Alonso and Milius, {David L.} and Roberto Car and Prud'homme, {Robert Krafft} and Aksay, {Ilhan A.}",

year = "2007",

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doi = "10.1021/cm0630800",

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journal = "Chemistry of Materials",

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TY - JOUR

T1 - Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite

AU - McAllister, Michael J.

AU - Li, Je Luen

AU - Adamson, Douglas H.

AU - Schniepp, Hannes C.

AU - Abdala, Ahmed A.

AU - Liu, Jun

AU - Herrera-Alonso, Margarita

AU - Milius, David L.

AU - Car, Roberto

AU - Prud'homme, Robert Krafft

AU - Aksay, Ilhan A.

PY - 2007/9/4

Y1 - 2007/9/4

N2 - A detailed analysis of the thermal expansion mechanism of graphite oxide to produce functionalized graphene sheets is provided. Exfoliation takes place when the decomposition rate of the epoxy and hydroxyl sites of graphite oxide exceeds the diffusion rate of the evolved gases, thus yielding pressures that exceed the van der Waals forces holding the graphene sheets together. A comparison of the Arrhenius dependence of the reaction rate against the calculated diffusion coefficient based on Knudsen diffusion suggests a critical temperature of 550 °C which must be exceeded for exfoliation to occur. As a result of their wrinkled nature, the functionalized and defective graphene sheets do not collapse back to graphite oxide but are highly agglomerated. After dispersion by ultrasonication in appropriate solvents, statistical analysis by atomic force microscopy shows that 80% of the observed flakes are single sheets.

AB - A detailed analysis of the thermal expansion mechanism of graphite oxide to produce functionalized graphene sheets is provided. Exfoliation takes place when the decomposition rate of the epoxy and hydroxyl sites of graphite oxide exceeds the diffusion rate of the evolved gases, thus yielding pressures that exceed the van der Waals forces holding the graphene sheets together. A comparison of the Arrhenius dependence of the reaction rate against the calculated diffusion coefficient based on Knudsen diffusion suggests a critical temperature of 550 °C which must be exceeded for exfoliation to occur. As a result of their wrinkled nature, the functionalized and defective graphene sheets do not collapse back to graphite oxide but are highly agglomerated. After dispersion by ultrasonication in appropriate solvents, statistical analysis by atomic force microscopy shows that 80% of the observed flakes are single sheets.

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JF - Chemistry of Materials

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ER -

Single sheet functionalized graphene by oxidation and thermal expansion of graphite

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

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