Sequence replacements in the central β-turn of plastocyanin

Joel A. Ybe, Michael H. Hecht

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

33 Scopus citations

Abstract

The role of β-turns in dictating the structure of a β-barrel protein is assessed by probing the tolerance of the central β-turn of poplar plastocyanin to substitution by arbitrary sequences. Native plastocyanin binds copper and is colored bright blue. However, when the wild type Pro47- Ser48-Gly49-Val50 turn sequence is replaced by arbitrary tetrapeptides, the vast majority (92/98 = 94%) of mutant proteins cannot fold into the native blue structure. Characterization of the colorless mutant proteins demonstrates that the majority of substitutions in this type II β-turn disrupt the native structure severely. Gross structural changes are indicated by major differences in the CD spectra of the mutants relative to the wild- type protein, and by the much larger apparent size of mutant proteins in gel filtration experiments. These mutant proteins do not bind copper. Furthermore, Cys84 forms a disulfide bond readily in the colorless mutant proteins, indicating that it has moved away from the buried position it occupies in the native copper binding site and has become exposed. These results indicate that the central β-turn in plastocyanin is not merely a default structure arising in response to the surrounding context; rather, sequence information in this turn plays an active role in dictating the location of a chain reversal in the β-barrel structure. These findings are discussed in terms of their implications for the folding of natural proteins, as well as the design of de novo proteins.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)814-824
Number of pages11
JournalProtein Science
Volume5
Issue number5
DOIs
StatePublished - May 1996

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Molecular Biology
  • Biochemistry

Keywords

  • plastocyanin
  • protein design
  • protein folding
  • reverse turns
  • β-turns

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Sequence replacements in the central β-turn of plastocyanin'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this