Semi-Decentralized Federated Learning with Cooperative D2D Local Model Aggregations

Frank Po Chen Lin, Seyyedali Hosseinalipour, Sheikh Shams Azam, Christopher G. Brinton, Nicolo Michelusi

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

67 Scopus citations

Abstract

Federated learning has emerged as a popular technique for distributing machine learning (ML) model training across the wireless edge. In this paper, we propose two timescale hybrid federated learning (TT-HF), a semi-decentralized learning architecture that combines the conventional device-to-server communication paradigm for federated learning with device-to-device (D2D) communications for model training. In TT-HF, during each global aggregation interval, devices (i) perform multiple stochastic gradient descent iterations on their individual datasets, and (ii) aperiodically engage in consensus procedure of their model parameters through cooperative, distributed D2D communications within local clusters. With a new general definition of gradient diversity, we formally study the convergence behavior of TT-HF, resulting in new convergence bounds for distributed ML. We leverage our convergence bounds to develop an adaptive control algorithm that tunes the step size, D2D communication rounds, and global aggregation period of TT-HF over time to target a sublinear convergence rate of O(1/t) while minimizing network resource utilization. Our subsequent experiments demonstrate that TT-HF significantly outperforms the current art in federated learning in terms of model accuracy and/or network energy consumption in different scenarios where local device datasets exhibit statistical heterogeneity. Finally, our numerical evaluations demonstrate robustness against outages caused by fading channels, as well favorable performance with non-convex loss functions.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)3851-3869
Number of pages19
JournalIEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
Volume39
Issue number12
DOIs
StatePublished - Dec 1 2021
Externally publishedYes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • Computer Networks and Communications
  • Electrical and Electronic Engineering

Keywords

  • Device-to-device (D2D) communications
  • cooperative consensus formation
  • fog learning
  • peer-to-peer (P2P) learning
  • semi-decentralized federated learning

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