@article{68f8dcca16e544ed9745536d13e17a81,
title = "Representation of tropical mesoscale convective systems in a general circulation model: Climatology and response to global warming",
abstract = "The characteristics of tropical mesoscale convective systems (MCSs) simulated with a finer-resolution (;50 km) version of the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory (GFDL) AM4 model are evaluated by comparing with a comprehensive long-term observational dataset. It is shown that the model can capture the various aspects of MCSs reasonably well. The simulated spatial distribution of MCSs is broadly in agreement with the observations. This is also true for seasonality and interannual variability over different land and oceanic regions. The simulated MCSs are generally longer-lived, weaker, and larger than observed. Despite these biases, an event-scale analysis suggests that their duration, intensity, and size are strongly correlated. Specifically, longer-lived and stronger events tend to be bigger, which is consistent with the observations. The same model is used to investigate the response of tropical MCSs to global warming using time-slice simulations forced by prescribed sea surface temperatures and sea ice. There is an overall decrease in occurrence frequency, and the reduction over land is more prominent than over ocean.",
keywords = "Atmosphere, Climate models, Climatology, Mesoscale systems, Tropics",
author = "Wenhao Dong and Ming Zhao and Yi Ming and V. Ramaswamy",
note = "Funding Information: Acknowledgments. The authors thank Pu Lin and Xing Huang for useful discussion on the implementation of the MCS tracking algorithm, and thank Kun Gao, Tsung-Lin Hsieh, and Leo Donner for commenting on earlier versions of this paper. Addressing the constructive comments by Dr. Mitchell Moncrieff and two anonymous reviewers has greatly improved the paper. This research from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory is supported by NOAA?s Science Collaboration Program and administered by UCAR?s Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science (CPAESS) under awards NA16NWS4620043 and NA18NWS4620043B. Funding Information: Acknowledgments. The authors thank Pu Lin and Xing Huang for useful discussion on the implementation of the MCS tracking algorithm, and thank Kun Gao, Tsung-Lin Hsieh, and Leo Donner for commenting on earlier versions of this paper. Addressing the constructive comments by Dr. Mitchell Moncrieff and two anonymous reviewers has greatly improved the paper. This research from the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Laboratory is supported by NOAA{\textquoteright}s Science Collaboration Program and administered by UCAR{\textquoteright}s Cooperative Programs for the Advancement of Earth System Science (CPAESS) under awards NA16NWS4620043 and NA18NWS4620043B. Publisher Copyright: {\'O} 2021 American Meteorological Society.",
year = "2021",
month = jul,
day = "1",
doi = "10.1175/JCLI-D-20-0535.1",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "34",
pages = "5657--5671",
journal = "Journal of Climate",
issn = "0894-8755",
publisher = "American Meteorological Society",
number = "14",
}