TY - JOUR
T1 - Quorum sensing in Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Vibrio harveyi
T2 - A new family of genes responsible for autoinducer production
AU - Surette, Michael G.
AU - Miller, Melissa B.
AU - Bassler, Bonnie Lynn
PY - 1999/2/16
Y1 - 1999/2/16
N2 - In bacteria, the regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cell density is called quorum sensing. Quorum-sensing bacteria produce, release, and respond to hormone-like molecules (autoinducers) that accumulate in the external environment as the cell population grows. In the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi two parallel quorum-sensing systems exist, and each is composed of a sensor-autoinducer pair. V. harveyi reporter strains capable of detecting only autoinducer 1 (AI-1) or autoinducer 2 (AI-2) have been constructed and used to show that many species of bacteria, including Escherichia coli MG1655, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium 14028, and S. typhimurium LT2 produce autoinducers similar or identical to the V. harveyi system 2 autoinducer AI-2. However, the domesticated laboratory strain E. coli DH5α does not produce this signal molecule. Here we report the identification and analysis of the gene responsible for AI-2 production in V. harveyi, S. typhimurium, and E. coli. The genes, which we have named luxS(V.h.), luxS(S.t.), and luxS(E.c.) respectively, are highly homologous to one another but not to any other identified gene. E. coli DH5α can be complemented to AI-2 production by the introduction of the luxS gene from V. harveyi or E. coli O157:H7. Analysis of the E. coli DH5α luxS(E.c.) gene shows that it contains a frameshift mutation resulting in premature truncation of the LuxS(E.c.) protein. Our results indicate that the luxS genes define a new family of autoinducer-production genes.
AB - In bacteria, the regulation of gene expression in response to changes in cell density is called quorum sensing. Quorum-sensing bacteria produce, release, and respond to hormone-like molecules (autoinducers) that accumulate in the external environment as the cell population grows. In the marine bacterium Vibrio harveyi two parallel quorum-sensing systems exist, and each is composed of a sensor-autoinducer pair. V. harveyi reporter strains capable of detecting only autoinducer 1 (AI-1) or autoinducer 2 (AI-2) have been constructed and used to show that many species of bacteria, including Escherichia coli MG1655, E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella typhimurium 14028, and S. typhimurium LT2 produce autoinducers similar or identical to the V. harveyi system 2 autoinducer AI-2. However, the domesticated laboratory strain E. coli DH5α does not produce this signal molecule. Here we report the identification and analysis of the gene responsible for AI-2 production in V. harveyi, S. typhimurium, and E. coli. The genes, which we have named luxS(V.h.), luxS(S.t.), and luxS(E.c.) respectively, are highly homologous to one another but not to any other identified gene. E. coli DH5α can be complemented to AI-2 production by the introduction of the luxS gene from V. harveyi or E. coli O157:H7. Analysis of the E. coli DH5α luxS(E.c.) gene shows that it contains a frameshift mutation resulting in premature truncation of the LuxS(E.c.) protein. Our results indicate that the luxS genes define a new family of autoinducer-production genes.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=0033574064&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=0033574064&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1639
DO - 10.1073/pnas.96.4.1639
M3 - Article
C2 - 9990077
AN - SCOPUS:0033574064
SN - 0027-8424
VL - 96
SP - 1639
EP - 1644
JO - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
JF - Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
IS - 4
ER -