Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization

R. Luque; E. Pallé; D. Kossakowski; S. Dreizler; J. Kemmer; N. Espinoza; J. Burt; G. Anglada-Escudé; V. J.S. Béjar; J. A. Caballero; K. A. Collins; K. I. Collins; M. Cortés-Contreras; E. Díez-Alonso; F. Feng; A. Hatzes; C. Hellier; T. Henning; S. V. Jeffers; L. Kaltenegger; M. Kürster; J. Madden; K. Molaverdikhani; D. Montes; N. Narita; G. Nowak; A. Ofir; M. Oshagh; H. Parviainen; A. Quirrenbach; S. Reffert; A. Reiners; C. Rodríguez-López; M. Schlecker; S. Stock; T. Trifonov; J. N. Winn; M. R. Zapatero Osorio; M. Zechmeister; P. J. Amado; D. R. Anderson; N. E. Batalha; F. F. Bauer; P. Bluhm; C. J. Burke; R. P. Butler; D. A. Caldwell; G. Chen; J. D. Crane; D. Dragomir; C. D. Dressing; S. Dynes; J. M. Jenkins; A. Kaminski; H. Klahr; T. Kotani; M. Lafarga; D. W. Latham; P. Lewin; S. McDermott; P. Montañés-Rodríguez; J. C. Morales; F. Murgas; E. Nagel; S. Pedraz; I. Ribas; G. R. Ricker; P. Rowden; S. Seager; S. A. Shectman; M. Tamura; J. Teske; J. D. Twicken; R. Vanderspeck; S. X. Wang; B. Wohler

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization

R. Luque, E. Pallé, D. Kossakowski, S. Dreizler, J. Kemmer, N. Espinoza, J. Burt, G. Anglada-Escudé, V. J.S. Béjar, J. A. Caballero, K. A. Collins, K. I. Collins, M. Cortés-Contreras, E. Díez-Alonso, F. Feng, A. Hatzes, C. Hellier, T. Henning, S. V. Jeffers, L. KalteneggerM. Kürster, J. Madden, K. Molaverdikhani, D. Montes, N. Narita, G. Nowak, A. Ofir, M. Oshagh, H. Parviainen, A. Quirrenbach, S. Reffert, A. Reiners, C. Rodríguez-López, M. Schlecker, S. Stock, T. Trifonov, J. N. Winn, M. R. Zapatero Osorio, M. Zechmeister, P. J. Amado, D. R. Anderson, N. E. Batalha, F. F. Bauer, P. Bluhm, C. J. Burke, R. P. Butler, D. A. Caldwell, G. Chen, J. D. Crane, D. Dragomir, C. D. Dressing, S. Dynes, J. M. Jenkins, A. Kaminski, H. Klahr, T. Kotani, M. Lafarga, D. W. Latham, P. Lewin, S. McDermott, P. Montañés-Rodríguez, J. C. Morales, F. Murgas, E. Nagel, S. Pedraz, I. Ribas, G. R. Ricker, P. Rowden, S. Seager, S. A. Shectman, M. Tamura, J. Teske, J. D. Twicken, R. Vanderspeck, S. X. Wang, B. Wohler

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

We report the detection of a transiting Earth-size planet around GJ 357, a nearby M2.5 V star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet (T_eq = 525 ± 11 K) with a radius of R_b = 1.217 ± 0.084 R☉ and an orbital period of P_b = 3.93 d. Precise stellar radial velocities from CARMENES and PFS, as well as archival data from HIRES, UVES, and HARPS also display a 3.93-day periodicity, confirming the planetary nature and leading to a planetary mass of M_b = 1.84 ± 0.31 M☉. In addition to the radial velocity signal for GJ 357 b, more periodicities are present in the data indicating the presence of two further planets in the system: GJ 357 c, with a minimum mass of M_c = 3.40 ± 0.46 M☉ in a 9.12 d orbit, and GJ 357 d, with a minimum mass of M_d = 6.1 ± 1.0 M☉ in a 55.7 d orbit inside the habitable zone. The host is relatively inactive and exhibits a photometric rotation period of P_rot = 78 ± 2 d. GJ 357 b is to date the second closest transiting planet to the Sun, making it a prime target for further investigations such as transmission spectroscopy. Therefore, GJ 357 b represents one of the best terrestrial planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the upcoming JWST and ground-based ELTs.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A39
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	628
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935801
State	Published - Aug 1 2019

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

Planetary systems
Stars: individual: Gl 357
Stars: late-type
Techniques: photometric
Techniques: radial velocities

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10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

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Luque, R., Pallé, E., Kossakowski, D., Dreizler, S., Kemmer, J., Espinoza, N., Burt, J., Anglada-Escudé, G., Béjar, V. J. S., Caballero, J. A., Collins, K. A., Collins, K. I., Cortés-Contreras, M., Díez-Alonso, E., Feng, F., Hatzes, A., Hellier, C., Henning, T., Jeffers, S. V., ... Wohler, B. (2019). Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 628, Article A39. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

@article{3fb0ef319b424409bb8eb3ec9f2c8808,

title = "Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization",

abstract = "We report the detection of a transiting Earth-size planet around GJ 357, a nearby M2.5 V star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet (Teq = 525 ± 11 K) with a radius of Rb = 1.217 ± 0.084 R☉ and an orbital period of Pb = 3.93 d. Precise stellar radial velocities from CARMENES and PFS, as well as archival data from HIRES, UVES, and HARPS also display a 3.93-day periodicity, confirming the planetary nature and leading to a planetary mass of Mb = 1.84 ± 0.31 M☉. In addition to the radial velocity signal for GJ 357 b, more periodicities are present in the data indicating the presence of two further planets in the system: GJ 357 c, with a minimum mass of Mc = 3.40 ± 0.46 M☉ in a 9.12 d orbit, and GJ 357 d, with a minimum mass of Md = 6.1 ± 1.0 M☉ in a 55.7 d orbit inside the habitable zone. The host is relatively inactive and exhibits a photometric rotation period of Prot = 78 ± 2 d. GJ 357 b is to date the second closest transiting planet to the Sun, making it a prime target for further investigations such as transmission spectroscopy. Therefore, GJ 357 b represents one of the best terrestrial planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the upcoming JWST and ground-based ELTs.",

keywords = "Planetary systems, Stars: individual: Gl 357, Stars: late-type, Techniques: photometric, Techniques: radial velocities",

author = "R. Luque and E. Pall{\'e} and D. Kossakowski and S. Dreizler and J. Kemmer and N. Espinoza and J. Burt and G. Anglada-Escud{\'e} and B{\'e}jar, {V. J.S.} and Caballero, {J. A.} and Collins, {K. A.} and Collins, {K. I.} and M. Cort{\'e}s-Contreras and E. D{\'i}ez-Alonso and F. Feng and A. Hatzes and C. Hellier and T. Henning and Jeffers, {S. V.} and L. Kaltenegger and M. K{\"u}rster and J. Madden and K. Molaverdikhani and D. Montes and N. Narita and G. Nowak and A. Ofir and M. Oshagh and H. Parviainen and A. Quirrenbach and S. Reffert and A. Reiners and C. Rodr{\'i}guez-L{\'o}pez and M. Schlecker and S. Stock and T. Trifonov and Winn, {J. N.} and {Zapatero Osorio}, {M. R.} and M. Zechmeister and Amado, {P. J.} and Anderson, {D. R.} and Batalha, {N. E.} and Bauer, {F. F.} and P. Bluhm and Burke, {C. J.} and Butler, {R. P.} and Caldwell, {D. A.} and G. Chen and Crane, {J. D.} and D. Dragomir and Dressing, {C. D.} and S. Dynes and Jenkins, {J. M.} and A. Kaminski and H. Klahr and T. Kotani and M. Lafarga and Latham, {D. W.} and P. Lewin and S. McDermott and P. Monta{\~n}{\'e}s-Rodr{\'i}guez and Morales, {J. C.} and F. Murgas and E. Nagel and S. Pedraz and I. Ribas and Ricker, {G. R.} and P. Rowden and S. Seager and Shectman, {S. A.} and M. Tamura and J. Teske and Twicken, {J. D.} and R. Vanderspeck and Wang, {S. X.} and B. Wohler",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} ESO 2019.",

year = "2019",

month = aug,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201935801",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "628",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Luque, R, Pallé, E, Kossakowski, D, Dreizler, S, Kemmer, J, Espinoza, N, Burt, J, Anglada-Escudé, G, Béjar, VJS, Caballero, JA, Collins, KA, Collins, KI, Cortés-Contreras, M, Díez-Alonso, E, Feng, F, Hatzes, A, Hellier, C, Henning, T, Jeffers, SV, Kaltenegger, L, Kürster, M, Madden, J, Molaverdikhani, K, Montes, D, Narita, N, Nowak, G, Ofir, A, Oshagh, M, Parviainen, H, Quirrenbach, A, Reffert, S, Reiners, A, Rodríguez-López, C, Schlecker, M, Stock, S, Trifonov, T, Winn, JN, Zapatero Osorio, MR, Zechmeister, M, Amado, PJ, Anderson, DR, Batalha, NE, Bauer, FF, Bluhm, P, Burke, CJ, Butler, RP, Caldwell, DA, Chen, G, Crane, JD, Dragomir, D, Dressing, CD, Dynes, S, Jenkins, JM, Kaminski, A, Klahr, H, Kotani, T, Lafarga, M, Latham, DW, Lewin, P, McDermott, S, Montañés-Rodríguez, P, Morales, JC, Murgas, F, Nagel, E, Pedraz, S, Ribas, I, Ricker, GR, Rowden, P, Seager, S, Shectman, SA, Tamura, M, Teske, J, Twicken, JD, Vanderspeck, R, Wang, SX & Wohler, B 2019, 'Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 628, A39. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization

AU - Luque, R.

AU - Pallé, E.

AU - Kossakowski, D.

AU - Dreizler, S.

AU - Kemmer, J.

AU - Espinoza, N.

AU - Burt, J.

AU - Anglada-Escudé, G.

AU - Béjar, V. J.S.

AU - Caballero, J. A.

AU - Collins, K. A.

AU - Collins, K. I.

AU - Cortés-Contreras, M.

AU - Díez-Alonso, E.

AU - Feng, F.

AU - Hatzes, A.

AU - Hellier, C.

AU - Henning, T.

AU - Jeffers, S. V.

AU - Kaltenegger, L.

AU - Kürster, M.

AU - Madden, J.

AU - Molaverdikhani, K.

AU - Montes, D.

AU - Narita, N.

AU - Nowak, G.

AU - Ofir, A.

AU - Oshagh, M.

AU - Parviainen, H.

AU - Quirrenbach, A.

AU - Reffert, S.

AU - Reiners, A.

AU - Rodríguez-López, C.

AU - Schlecker, M.

AU - Stock, S.

AU - Trifonov, T.

AU - Winn, J. N.

AU - Zapatero Osorio, M. R.

AU - Zechmeister, M.

AU - Amado, P. J.

AU - Anderson, D. R.

AU - Batalha, N. E.

AU - Bauer, F. F.

AU - Bluhm, P.

AU - Burke, C. J.

AU - Butler, R. P.

AU - Caldwell, D. A.

AU - Chen, G.

AU - Crane, J. D.

AU - Dragomir, D.

AU - Dressing, C. D.

AU - Dynes, S.

AU - Jenkins, J. M.

AU - Kaminski, A.

AU - Klahr, H.

AU - Kotani, T.

AU - Lafarga, M.

AU - Latham, D. W.

AU - Lewin, P.

AU - McDermott, S.

AU - Montañés-Rodríguez, P.

AU - Morales, J. C.

AU - Murgas, F.

AU - Nagel, E.

AU - Pedraz, S.

AU - Ribas, I.

AU - Ricker, G. R.

AU - Rowden, P.

AU - Seager, S.

AU - Shectman, S. A.

AU - Tamura, M.

AU - Teske, J.

AU - Twicken, J. D.

AU - Vanderspeck, R.

AU - Wang, S. X.

AU - Wohler, B.

PY - 2019/8/1

Y1 - 2019/8/1

N2 - We report the detection of a transiting Earth-size planet around GJ 357, a nearby M2.5 V star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet (Teq = 525 ± 11 K) with a radius of Rb = 1.217 ± 0.084 R☉ and an orbital period of Pb = 3.93 d. Precise stellar radial velocities from CARMENES and PFS, as well as archival data from HIRES, UVES, and HARPS also display a 3.93-day periodicity, confirming the planetary nature and leading to a planetary mass of Mb = 1.84 ± 0.31 M☉. In addition to the radial velocity signal for GJ 357 b, more periodicities are present in the data indicating the presence of two further planets in the system: GJ 357 c, with a minimum mass of Mc = 3.40 ± 0.46 M☉ in a 9.12 d orbit, and GJ 357 d, with a minimum mass of Md = 6.1 ± 1.0 M☉ in a 55.7 d orbit inside the habitable zone. The host is relatively inactive and exhibits a photometric rotation period of Prot = 78 ± 2 d. GJ 357 b is to date the second closest transiting planet to the Sun, making it a prime target for further investigations such as transmission spectroscopy. Therefore, GJ 357 b represents one of the best terrestrial planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the upcoming JWST and ground-based ELTs.

AB - We report the detection of a transiting Earth-size planet around GJ 357, a nearby M2.5 V star, using data from the Transiting Exoplanet Survey Satellite (TESS). GJ 357 b (TOI-562.01) is a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet (Teq = 525 ± 11 K) with a radius of Rb = 1.217 ± 0.084 R☉ and an orbital period of Pb = 3.93 d. Precise stellar radial velocities from CARMENES and PFS, as well as archival data from HIRES, UVES, and HARPS also display a 3.93-day periodicity, confirming the planetary nature and leading to a planetary mass of Mb = 1.84 ± 0.31 M☉. In addition to the radial velocity signal for GJ 357 b, more periodicities are present in the data indicating the presence of two further planets in the system: GJ 357 c, with a minimum mass of Mc = 3.40 ± 0.46 M☉ in a 9.12 d orbit, and GJ 357 d, with a minimum mass of Md = 6.1 ± 1.0 M☉ in a 55.7 d orbit inside the habitable zone. The host is relatively inactive and exhibits a photometric rotation period of Prot = 78 ± 2 d. GJ 357 b is to date the second closest transiting planet to the Sun, making it a prime target for further investigations such as transmission spectroscopy. Therefore, GJ 357 b represents one of the best terrestrial planets suitable for atmospheric characterization with the upcoming JWST and ground-based ELTs.

KW - Planetary systems

KW - Stars: individual: Gl 357

KW - Stars: late-type

KW - Techniques: photometric

KW - Techniques: radial velocities

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85072983022&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85072983022&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201935801

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85072983022

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 628

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A39

ER -

Planetary system around the nearby M dwarf GJ 357 including a transiting, hot, Earth-sized planet optimal for atmospheric characterization

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