Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium

P. A.R. Ade; N. Aghanim; M. Arnaud; M. Ashdown; J. Aumont; C. Baccigalupi; A. J. Banday; R. B. Barreiro; N. Bartolo; E. Battaner; K. Benabed; A. Benoit-Lévy; J. P. Bernard; M. Bersanelli; P. Bielewicz; A. Bonaldi; L. Bonavera; J. R. Bond; J. Borrill; F. R. Bouchet; F. Boulanger; A. Bracco; C. Burigana; E. Calabrese; J. F. Cardoso; A. Catalano; A. Chamballu; R. R. Chary; H. C. Chiang; P. R. Christensen; L. P.L. Colombo; C. Combet; B. P. Crill; A. Curto; F. Cuttaia; L. Danese; R. D. Davies; R. J. Davis; P. De Bernardis; A. De Rosa; G. De Zotti; J. Delabrouille; J. M. Delouis; C. Dickinson; J. M. Diego; H. Dole; S. Donzelli; O. Doré; M. Douspis; J. Dunkley; X. Dupac; G. Efstathiou; F. Elsner; T. A. Enßlin; H. K. Eriksen; E. Falgarone; K. Ferrière; F. Finelli; O. Forni; M. Frailis; A. A. Fraisse; E. Franceschi; A. Frolov; S. Galeotta; S. Galli; K. Ganga; T. Ghosh; M. Giard; E. Gjerløw; J. González-Nuevo; K. M. Górski; A. Gruppuso; V. Guillet; F. K. Hansen; D. L. Harrison; G. Helou; C. Hernández-Monteagudo; D. Herranz; S. R. Hildebrandt; E. Hivon; A. Hornstrup; W. Hovest; Z. Huang; K. M. Huffenberger; G. Hurier; T. R. Jaffe; W. C. Jones; M. Juvela; E. Keihänen; R. Keskitalo; T. S. Kisner; R. Kneissl; J. Knoche; M. Kunz; H. Kurki-Suonio; J. M. Lamarre; A. Lasenby; M. Lattanzi; C. R. Lawrence; R. Leonardi; J. León-Tavares; F. Levrier; M. Liguori; P. B. Lilje; M. Linden-Vørnle; M. López-Caniego; P. M. Lubin; J. F. Macías-Pérez; B. Maffei; D. Maino; N. Mandolesi; M. Maris; P. G. Martin; E. Martínez-González; S. Masi; S. Matarrese; P. McGehee; A. Melchiorri; A. Mennella; M. Migliaccio; M. A. Miville-Deschênes; A. Moneti; L. Montier; G. Morgante; D. Mortlock; D. Munshi; J. A. Murphy; P. Naselsky; F. Nati; P. Natoli; D. Novikov; I. Novikov; N. Oppermann; C. A. Oxborrow; L. Pagano; F. Pajot; D. Paoletti; F. Pasian; O. Perdereau; V. Pettorino; F. Piacentini; M. Piat; E. Pierpaoli; S. Plaszczynski; E. Pointecouteau; G. Polenta; N. Ponthieu; G. W. Pratt; S. Prunet; J. L. Puget; J. P. Rachen; W. T. Reach; R. Rebolo; M. Reinecke; M. Remazeilles; C. Renault; A. Renzi; I. Ristorcelli; G. Rocha; C. Rosset; M. Rossetti; G. Roudier; J. A. Rubiño-Martín; B. Rusholme; M. Sandri; D. Santos; M. Savelainen; G. Savini; D. Scott; P. Serra; J. D. Soler; V. Stolyarov; R. Sudiwala; R. Sunyaev; A. S. Suur-Uski; J. F. Sygnet; J. A. Tauber; L. Terenzi; L. Toffolatti; M. Tomasi; M. Tristram; M. Tucci; G. Umana; L. Valenziano; J. Valiviita; B. Van Tent; P. Vielva; F. Villa; L. A. Wade; B. D. Wandelt; I. K. Wehus; D. Yvon; A. Zacchei; A. Zonca

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium

P. A.R. Ade, N. Aghanim, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, N. Bartolo, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoit-Lévy, J. P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, A. Bonaldi, L. Bonavera, J. R. Bond, J. Borrill, F. R. BouchetF. Boulanger, A. Bracco, C. Burigana, E. Calabrese, J. F. Cardoso, A. Catalano, A. Chamballu, R. R. Chary, H. C. Chiang, P. R. Christensen, L. P.L. Colombo, C. Combet, B. P. Crill, A. Curto, F. Cuttaia, L. Danese, R. D. Davies, R. J. Davis, P. De Bernardis, A. De Rosa, G. De Zotti, J. Delabrouille, J. M. Delouis, C. Dickinson, J. M. Diego, H. Dole, S. Donzelli, O. Doré, M. Douspis, J. Dunkley, X. Dupac, G. Efstathiou, F. Elsner, T. A. Enßlin, H. K. Eriksen, E. Falgarone, K. Ferrière, F. Finelli, O. Forni, M. Frailis, A. A. Fraisse, E. Franceschi, A. Frolov, S. Galeotta, S. Galli, K. Ganga, T. Ghosh, M. Giard, E. Gjerløw, J. González-Nuevo, K. M. Górski, A. Gruppuso, V. Guillet, F. K. Hansen, D. L. Harrison, G. Helou, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, D. Herranz, S. R. Hildebrandt, E. Hivon, A. Hornstrup, W. Hovest, Z. Huang, K. M. Huffenberger, G. Hurier, T. R. Jaffe, W. C. Jones, M. Juvela, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, T. S. Kisner, R. Kneissl, J. Knoche, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, J. M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, M. Lattanzi, C. R. Lawrence, R. Leonardi, J. León-Tavares, F. Levrier, M. Liguori, P. B. Lilje, M. Linden-Vørnle, M. López-Caniego, P. M. Lubin, J. F. Macías-Pérez, B. Maffei, D. Maino, N. Mandolesi, M. Maris, P. G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, S. Matarrese, P. McGehee, A. Melchiorri, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, M. A. Miville-Deschênes, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, D. Mortlock, D. Munshi, J. A. Murphy, P. Naselsky, F. Nati, P. Natoli, D. Novikov, I. Novikov, N. Oppermann, C. A. Oxborrow, L. Pagano, F. Pajot, D. Paoletti, F. Pasian, O. Perdereau, V. Pettorino, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, E. Pierpaoli, S. Plaszczynski, E. Pointecouteau, G. Polenta, N. Ponthieu, G. W. Pratt, S. Prunet, J. L. Puget, J. P. Rachen, W. T. Reach, R. Rebolo, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, C. Renault, A. Renzi, I. Ristorcelli, G. Rocha, C. Rosset, M. Rossetti, G. Roudier, J. A. Rubiño-Martín, B. Rusholme, M. Sandri, D. Santos, M. Savelainen, G. Savini, D. Scott, P. Serra, J. D. Soler, V. Stolyarov, R. Sudiwala, R. Sunyaev, A. S. Suur-Uski, J. F. Sygnet, J. A. Tauber, L. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, M. Tristram, M. Tucci, G. Umana, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, L. A. Wade, B. D. Wandelt, I. K. Wehus, D. Yvon, A. Zacchei, A. Zonca

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

18 Scopus citations

Abstract

The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). These filaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the C_ℓ^TE/C_ℓ^EE ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A141
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	586
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526506
State	Published - Feb 1 2016

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

Galaxies: ISM
ISM: general
Polarization
Submillimeter: ISM

Access to Document

10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

Cite this

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartolo, N., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., Bonaldi, A., Bonavera, L., Bond, J. R., Borrill, J., ... Zonca, A. (2016). Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 586, [A141]. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

@article{43409e452bc84e18828e537bca8f24fb,

title = "Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium",

abstract = "The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). These filaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the CℓTE/CℓEE ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter.",

keywords = "Galaxies: ISM, ISM: general, Polarization, Submillimeter: ISM",

author = "Ade, {P. A.R.} and N. Aghanim and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and Banday, {A. J.} and Barreiro, {R. B.} and N. Bartolo and E. Battaner and K. Benabed and A. Benoit-L{\'e}vy and Bernard, {J. P.} and M. Bersanelli and P. Bielewicz and A. Bonaldi and L. Bonavera and Bond, {J. R.} and J. Borrill and Bouchet, {F. R.} and F. Boulanger and A. Bracco and C. Burigana and E. Calabrese and Cardoso, {J. F.} and A. Catalano and A. Chamballu and Chary, {R. R.} and Chiang, {H. C.} and Christensen, {P. R.} and Colombo, {L. P.L.} and C. Combet and Crill, {B. P.} and A. Curto and F. Cuttaia and L. Danese and Davies, {R. D.} and Davis, {R. J.} and {De Bernardis}, P. and {De Rosa}, A. and {De Zotti}, G. and J. Delabrouille and Delouis, {J. M.} and C. Dickinson and Diego, {J. M.} and H. Dole and S. Donzelli and O. Dor{\'e} and M. Douspis and J. Dunkley and X. Dupac and G. Efstathiou and F. Elsner and En{\ss}lin, {T. A.} and Eriksen, {H. K.} and E. Falgarone and K. Ferri{\`e}re and F. Finelli and O. Forni and M. Frailis and Fraisse, {A. A.} and E. Franceschi and A. Frolov and S. Galeotta and S. Galli and K. Ganga and T. Ghosh and M. Giard and E. Gjerl{\o}w and J. Gonz{\'a}lez-Nuevo and G{\'o}rski, {K. M.} and A. Gruppuso and V. Guillet and Hansen, {F. K.} and Harrison, {D. L.} and G. Helou and C. Hern{\'a}ndez-Monteagudo and D. Herranz and Hildebrandt, {S. R.} and E. Hivon and A. Hornstrup and W. Hovest and Z. Huang and Huffenberger, {K. M.} and G. Hurier and Jaffe, {T. R.} and Jones, {W. C.} and M. Juvela and E. Keih{\"a}nen and R. Keskitalo and Kisner, {T. S.} and R. Kneissl and J. Knoche and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and Lamarre, {J. M.} and A. Lasenby and M. Lattanzi and Lawrence, {C. R.} and R. Leonardi and J. Le{\'o}n-Tavares and F. Levrier and M. Liguori and Lilje, {P. B.} and M. Linden-V{\o}rnle and M. L{\'o}pez-Caniego and Lubin, {P. M.} and Mac{\'i}as-P{\'e}rez, {J. F.} and B. Maffei and D. Maino and N. Mandolesi and M. Maris and Martin, {P. G.} and E. Mart{\'i}nez-Gonz{\'a}lez and S. Masi and S. Matarrese and P. McGehee and A. Melchiorri and A. Mennella and M. Migliaccio and Miville-Desch{\^e}nes, {M. A.} and A. Moneti and L. Montier and G. Morgante and D. Mortlock and D. Munshi and Murphy, {J. A.} and P. Naselsky and F. Nati and P. Natoli and D. Novikov and I. Novikov and N. Oppermann and Oxborrow, {C. A.} and L. Pagano and F. Pajot and D. Paoletti and F. Pasian and O. Perdereau and V. Pettorino and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and E. Pierpaoli and S. Plaszczynski and E. Pointecouteau and G. Polenta and N. Ponthieu and Pratt, {G. W.} and S. Prunet and Puget, {J. L.} and Rachen, {J. P.} and Reach, {W. T.} and R. Rebolo and M. Reinecke and M. Remazeilles and C. Renault and A. Renzi and I. Ristorcelli and G. Rocha and C. Rosset and M. Rossetti and G. Roudier and Rubi{\~n}o-Mart{\'i}n, {J. A.} and B. Rusholme and M. Sandri and D. Santos and M. Savelainen and G. Savini and D. Scott and P. Serra and Soler, {J. D.} and V. Stolyarov and R. Sudiwala and R. Sunyaev and Suur-Uski, {A. S.} and Sygnet, {J. F.} and Tauber, {J. A.} and L. Terenzi and L. Toffolatti and M. Tomasi and M. Tristram and M. Tucci and G. Umana and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and {Van Tent}, B. and P. Vielva and F. Villa and Wade, {L. A.} and Wandelt, {B. D.} and Wehus, {I. K.} and D. Yvon and A. Zacchei and A. Zonca",

note = "Funding Information: The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planck-collaboration . The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union{\textquoteright}s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/20072013)/ERC grant agreement No. 267934. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the package. Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} ESO, 2016.",

year = "2016",

month = feb,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201526506",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "586",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

}

Ade, PAR, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartolo, N, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bonaldi, A, Bonavera, L, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Boulanger, F, Bracco, A, Burigana, C, Calabrese, E, Cardoso, JF, Catalano, A, Chamballu, A, Chary, RR, Chiang, HC, Christensen, PR, Colombo, LPL, Combet, C, Crill, BP, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, RD, Davis, RJ, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, JM, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dunkley, J, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Elsner, F, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Falgarone, E, Ferrière, K, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Fraisse, AA, Franceschi, E, Frolov, A, Galeotta, S, Galli, S, Ganga, K, Ghosh, T, Giard, M, Gjerløw, E, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gruppuso, A, Guillet, V, Hansen, FK, Harrison, DL, Helou, G, Hernández-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Huang, Z, Huffenberger, KM, Hurier, G, Jaffe, TR, Jones, WC, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, TS, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lamarre, JM, Lasenby, A, Lattanzi, M, Lawrence, CR, Leonardi, R, León-Tavares, J, Levrier, F, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Linden-Vørnle, M, López-Caniego, M, Lubin, PM, Macías-Pérez, JF, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Masi, S, Matarrese, S, McGehee, P, Melchiorri, A, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Miville-Deschênes, MA, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, JA, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Oppermann, N, Oxborrow, CA, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Perdereau, O, Pettorino, V, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Pratt, GW, Prunet, S, Puget, JL, Rachen, JP, Reach, WT, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Renzi, A, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Roudier, G, Rubiño-Martín, JA, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Savelainen, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Serra, P, Soler, JD, Stolyarov, V, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Suur-Uski, AS, Sygnet, JF, Tauber, JA, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Wade, LA, Wandelt, BD, Wehus, IK, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A & Zonca, A 2016, 'Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 586, A141. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planck intermediate results

T2 - XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium

AU - Ade, P. A.R.

AU - Aghanim, N.

AU - Arnaud, M.

AU - Ashdown, M.

AU - Aumont, J.

AU - Baccigalupi, C.

AU - Banday, A. J.

AU - Barreiro, R. B.

AU - Bartolo, N.

AU - Battaner, E.

AU - Benabed, K.

AU - Benoit-Lévy, A.

AU - Bernard, J. P.

AU - Bersanelli, M.

AU - Bielewicz, P.

AU - Bonaldi, A.

AU - Bonavera, L.

AU - Bond, J. R.

AU - Borrill, J.

AU - Bouchet, F. R.

AU - Boulanger, F.

AU - Bracco, A.

AU - Burigana, C.

AU - Calabrese, E.

AU - Cardoso, J. F.

AU - Catalano, A.

AU - Chamballu, A.

AU - Chary, R. R.

AU - Chiang, H. C.

AU - Christensen, P. R.

AU - Colombo, L. P.L.

AU - Combet, C.

AU - Crill, B. P.

AU - Curto, A.

AU - Cuttaia, F.

AU - Danese, L.

AU - Davies, R. D.

AU - Davis, R. J.

AU - De Bernardis, P.

AU - De Rosa, A.

AU - De Zotti, G.

AU - Delabrouille, J.

AU - Delouis, J. M.

AU - Dickinson, C.

AU - Diego, J. M.

AU - Dole, H.

AU - Donzelli, S.

AU - Doré, O.

AU - Douspis, M.

AU - Dunkley, J.

AU - Dupac, X.

AU - Efstathiou, G.

AU - Elsner, F.

AU - Enßlin, T. A.

AU - Eriksen, H. K.

AU - Falgarone, E.

AU - Ferrière, K.

AU - Finelli, F.

AU - Forni, O.

AU - Frailis, M.

AU - Fraisse, A. A.

AU - Franceschi, E.

AU - Frolov, A.

AU - Galeotta, S.

AU - Galli, S.

AU - Ganga, K.

AU - Ghosh, T.

AU - Giard, M.

AU - Gjerløw, E.

AU - González-Nuevo, J.

AU - Górski, K. M.

AU - Gruppuso, A.

AU - Guillet, V.

AU - Hansen, F. K.

AU - Harrison, D. L.

AU - Helou, G.

AU - Hernández-Monteagudo, C.

AU - Herranz, D.

AU - Hildebrandt, S. R.

AU - Hivon, E.

AU - Hornstrup, A.

AU - Hovest, W.

AU - Huang, Z.

AU - Huffenberger, K. M.

AU - Hurier, G.

AU - Jaffe, T. R.

AU - Jones, W. C.

AU - Juvela, M.

AU - Keihänen, E.

AU - Keskitalo, R.

AU - Kisner, T. S.

AU - Kneissl, R.

AU - Knoche, J.

AU - Kunz, M.

AU - Kurki-Suonio, H.

AU - Lamarre, J. M.

AU - Lasenby, A.

AU - Lattanzi, M.

AU - Lawrence, C. R.

AU - Leonardi, R.

AU - León-Tavares, J.

AU - Levrier, F.

AU - Liguori, M.

AU - Lilje, P. B.

AU - Linden-Vørnle, M.

AU - López-Caniego, M.

AU - Lubin, P. M.

AU - Macías-Pérez, J. F.

AU - Maffei, B.

AU - Maino, D.

AU - Mandolesi, N.

AU - Maris, M.

AU - Martin, P. G.

AU - Martínez-González, E.

AU - Masi, S.

AU - Matarrese, S.

AU - McGehee, P.

AU - Melchiorri, A.

AU - Mennella, A.

AU - Migliaccio, M.

AU - Miville-Deschênes, M. A.

AU - Moneti, A.

AU - Montier, L.

AU - Morgante, G.

AU - Mortlock, D.

AU - Munshi, D.

AU - Murphy, J. A.

AU - Naselsky, P.

AU - Nati, F.

AU - Natoli, P.

AU - Novikov, D.

AU - Novikov, I.

AU - Oppermann, N.

AU - Oxborrow, C. A.

AU - Pagano, L.

AU - Pajot, F.

AU - Paoletti, D.

AU - Pasian, F.

AU - Perdereau, O.

AU - Pettorino, V.

AU - Piacentini, F.

AU - Piat, M.

AU - Pierpaoli, E.

AU - Plaszczynski, S.

AU - Pointecouteau, E.

AU - Polenta, G.

AU - Ponthieu, N.

AU - Pratt, G. W.

AU - Prunet, S.

AU - Puget, J. L.

AU - Rachen, J. P.

AU - Reach, W. T.

AU - Rebolo, R.

AU - Reinecke, M.

AU - Remazeilles, M.

AU - Renault, C.

AU - Renzi, A.

AU - Ristorcelli, I.

AU - Rocha, G.

AU - Rosset, C.

AU - Rossetti, M.

AU - Roudier, G.

AU - Rubiño-Martín, J. A.

AU - Rusholme, B.

AU - Sandri, M.

AU - Santos, D.

AU - Savelainen, M.

AU - Savini, G.

AU - Scott, D.

AU - Serra, P.

AU - Soler, J. D.

AU - Stolyarov, V.

AU - Sudiwala, R.

AU - Sunyaev, R.

AU - Suur-Uski, A. S.

AU - Sygnet, J. F.

AU - Tauber, J. A.

AU - Terenzi, L.

AU - Toffolatti, L.

AU - Tomasi, M.

AU - Tristram, M.

AU - Tucci, M.

AU - Umana, G.

AU - Valenziano, L.

AU - Valiviita, J.

AU - Van Tent, B.

AU - Vielva, P.

AU - Villa, F.

AU - Wade, L. A.

AU - Wandelt, B. D.

AU - Wehus, I. K.

AU - Yvon, D.

AU - Zacchei, A.

AU - Zonca, A.

N1 - Funding Information: The Planck Collaboration acknowledges the support of: ESA; CNES, and CNRS/INSU-IN2P3-INP (France); ASI, CNR, and INAF (Italy); NASA and DoE (USA); STFC and UKSA (UK); CSIC, MINECO, JA and RES (Spain); Tekes, AoF, and CSC (Finland); DLR and MPG (Germany); CSA (Canada); DTU Space (Denmark); SER/SSO (Switzerland); RCN (Norway); SFI (Ireland); FCT/MCTES (Portugal); ERC and PRACE (EU). A description of the Planck Collaboration and a list of its members, indicating which technical or scientific activities they have been involved in, can be found at http://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/planck/planck-collaboration . The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/20072013)/ERC grant agreement No. 267934. Some of the results in this paper have been derived using the package. Publisher Copyright: © ESO, 2016.

PY - 2016/2/1

Y1 - 2016/2/1

N2 - The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). These filaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the CℓTE/CℓEE ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter.

AB - The quest for a B-mode imprint from primordial gravity waves on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) requires the characterization of foreground polarization from Galactic dust. We present a statistical study of the filamentary structure of the 353 GHz Planck Stokes maps at high Galactic latitude, relevant to the study of dust emission as a polarized foreground to the CMB. We filter the intensity and polarization maps to isolate filaments in the range of angular scales where the power asymmetry between E-modes and B-modes is observed. Using the Smoothed Hessian Major Axis Filament Finder (SMAFF), we identify 259 filaments at high Galactic latitude, with lengths larger or equal to 2° (corresponding to 3.5 pc in length for a typical distance of 100 pc). These filaments show a preferred orientation parallel to the magnetic field projected onto the plane of the sky, derived from their polarization angles. We present mean maps of the filaments in Stokes I, Q, U, E, and B, computed by stacking individual images rotated to align the orientations of the filaments. Combining the stacked images and the histogram of relative orientations, we estimate the mean polarization fraction of the filaments to be 11%. Furthermore, we show that the correlation between the filaments and the magnetic field orientations may account for the E and B asymmetry and the CℓTE/CℓEE ratio, reported in the power spectra analysis of the Planck353 GHz polarization maps. Future models of the dust foreground for CMB polarization studies will need to take into account the observed correlation between the dust polarization and the structure of interstellar matter.

KW - Galaxies: ISM

KW - ISM: general

KW - Polarization

KW - Submillimeter: ISM

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U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201526506

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84958948576

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 586

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A141

ER -

Planck intermediate results: XXXVIII. E- and B-modes of dust polarization from the magnetized filamentary structure of the interstellar medium

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