Abstract
We describe the processing of the 336 billion raw data samples from the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) which we performed to produce six temperature maps from the first 295 days of Planck-HFI survey data. These maps provide an accurate rendition of the sky emission at 100, 143, 217, 353, 545 and 857 GHz with an angular resolution ranging from 9.9 to 4.4′. The white noise level is around 1.5 μK degree or less in the 3 main CMB channels (100-217 GHz). The photometric accuracy is better than 2% at frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz and around 7% at the two highest frequencies. The maps created by the HFI Data Processing Centre reach our goals in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and photometric accuracy. They are already sufficiently accurate and well-characterised to allow scientific analyses which are presented in an accompanying series of early papers. At this stage, HFI data appears to be of high quality and we expect that with further refinements of the data processing we should be able to achieve, or exceed, the science goals of the Planck project.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | A6 |
Journal | Astronomy and Astrophysics |
Volume | 536 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2011 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
- Space and Planetary Science
Keywords
- Cosmic background radiation
- Cosmology
- Methods
- Surveys
- data analysis
- observations
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In: Astronomy and Astrophysics, Vol. 536, A6, 2011.
Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review
TY - JOUR
T1 - Planck early results. VI. The High Frequency Instrument data processing
AU - Ade, P. A.R.
AU - Aghanim, N.
AU - Ansari, R.
AU - Arnaud, M.
AU - Ashdown, M.
AU - Aumont, J.
AU - Banday, A. J.
AU - Bartelmann, M.
AU - Bartlett, J. G.
AU - Battaner, E.
AU - Benabed, K.
AU - Benoît, A.
AU - Bernard, J. P.
AU - Bersanelli, M.
AU - Bock, J. J.
AU - Bond, J. R.
AU - Borrill, J.
AU - Bouchet, F. R.
AU - Boulanger, F.
AU - Bradshaw, T.
AU - Bucher, M.
AU - Cardoso, J. F.
AU - Castex, G.
AU - Catalano, A.
AU - Challinor, A.
AU - Chamballu, A.
AU - Chary, R. R.
AU - Chen, X.
AU - Chiang, C.
AU - Church, S.
AU - Clements, D. L.
AU - Colley, J. M.
AU - Colombi, S.
AU - Couchot, F.
AU - Coulais, A.
AU - Cressiot, C.
AU - Crill, B. P.
AU - Crook, M.
AU - De Bernardis, P.
AU - Delabrouille, J.
AU - Delouis, J. M.
AU - Désert, F. X.
AU - Dolag, K.
AU - Dole, H.
AU - Doré, O.
AU - Douspis, M.
AU - Dunkley, J.
AU - Efstathiou, G.
AU - Filliard, C.
AU - Forni, O.
AU - Fosalba, P.
AU - Ganga, K.
AU - Giard, M.
AU - Girard, D.
AU - Giraud-Héraud, Y.
AU - Gispert, R.
AU - Górski, K. M.
AU - Gratton, S.
AU - Griffin, M.
AU - Guyot, G.
AU - Haissinski, J.
AU - Harrison, D.
AU - Helou, G.
AU - Henrot-Versillé, S.
AU - Hernández-Monteagudo, C.
AU - Hildebrandt, S. R.
AU - Hills, R.
AU - Hivon, E.
AU - Hobson, M.
AU - Holmes, W. A.
AU - Huffenberger, K. M.
AU - Jaffe, A. H.
AU - Jones, W. C.
AU - Kaplan, J.
AU - Kneissl, R.
AU - Knox, L.
AU - Kunz, M.
AU - Lagache, G.
AU - Lamarre, J. M.
AU - Lange, A. E.
AU - Lasenby, A.
AU - Lavabre, A.
AU - Lawrence, C. R.
AU - Le Jeune, M.
AU - Leroy, C.
AU - Lesgourgues, J.
AU - MacÍas-Pérez, J. F.
AU - MacTavish, C. J.
AU - Maffei, B.
AU - Mandolesi, N.
AU - Mann, R.
AU - Marleau, F.
AU - Marshall, D. J.
AU - Masi, S.
AU - Matsumura, T.
AU - McAuley, I.
AU - McGehee, P.
AU - Melin, J. B.
AU - Mercier, C.
AU - Mitra, S.
AU - Miville-Deschênes, M. A.
AU - Moneti, A.
AU - Montier, L.
AU - Mortlock, D.
AU - Murphy, A.
AU - Nati, F.
AU - Netterfield, C. B.
AU - Nørgaard-Nielsen, H. U.
AU - North, C.
AU - Noviello, F.
AU - Novikov, D.
AU - Osborne, S.
AU - Pajot, F.
AU - Patanchon, G.
AU - Peacocke, T.
AU - Pearson, T. J.
AU - Perdereau, O.
AU - Perotto, L.
AU - Piacentini, F.
AU - Piat, M.
AU - Plaszczynski, S.
AU - Pointecouteau, E.
AU - Ponthieu, N.
AU - Prézeau, G.
AU - Prunet, S.
AU - Puget, J. L.
AU - Reach, W. T.
AU - Remazeilles, M.
AU - Renault, C.
AU - Riazuelo, A.
AU - Ristorcelli, I.
AU - Rocha, G.
AU - Rosset, C.
AU - Roudier, G.
AU - Rowan-Robinson, M.
AU - Rusholme, B.
AU - Saha, R.
AU - Santos, D.
AU - Savini, G.
AU - Schaefer, B. M.
AU - Shellard, P.
AU - Spencer, L.
AU - Starck, J. L.
AU - Stolyarov, V.
AU - Stompor, R.
AU - Sudiwala, R.
AU - Sunyaev, R.
AU - Sutton, D.
AU - Sygnet, J. F.
AU - Tauber, J. A.
AU - Thum, C.
AU - Torre, J. P.
AU - Touze, F.
AU - Tristram, M.
AU - Van Leeuwen, F.
AU - Vibert, L.
AU - Vibert, D.
AU - Wade, L. A.
AU - Wandelt, B. D.
AU - White, S. D.M.
AU - Wiesemeyer, H.
AU - Woodcraft, A.
AU - Yurchenko, V.
AU - Yvon, D.
AU - Zacchei, A.
N1 - Funding Information: 0004-6361 1432-0746 EDP Sciences 10.1051/0004-6361/201116462 aa16462-11 2011A%26A...536A...6P Planck early results Astronomical instrumentation Planck early results. VI. The High Frequency Instrument data processing ⋆ ⋆ Corresponding author: F. R. Bouchet, e-mail: [email protected] Planck HFI Core Team Ade P. A. R. 52 Aghanim N. 29 Ansari R. 44 Arnaud M. 40 Ashdown M. 38 3 Aumont J. 29 Banday A. J. 57 6 46 Bartelmann M. 56 46 Bartlett J. G. 2 36 Battaner E. 59 Benabed K. 30 Benoît A. 28 Bernard J.-P. 57 6 Bersanelli M. 18 23 Bock J. J. 36 7 Bond J. R. 5 Borrill J. 45 54 Bouchet F. R. 30 Boulanger F. 29 Bradshaw T. 50 Bucher M. 2 Cardoso J.-F. 41 2 30 Castex G. 2 Catalano A. 2 39 Challinor A. 34 38 8 Chamballu A. 26 Chary R.-R. 27 Chen X. 27 Chiang C. 13 Church S. 55 Clements D. L. 26 Colley J.-M. 2 1 Colombi S. 30 Couchot F. 44 Coulais A. 39 Cressiot C. 2 Crill B. P. 36 48 Crook M. 50 de Bernardis P. 17 Delabrouille J. 2 Delouis J.-M. 30 Désert F.-X. 25 Dolag K. 46 Dole H. 29 Doré O. 36 7 Douspis M. 29 Dunkley J. 16 Efstathiou G. 34 Filliard C. 44 Forni O. 57 6 Fosalba P. 31 Ganga K. 2 27 Giard M. 57 6 Girard D. 43 Giraud-Héraud Y. 2 Gispert R. 29 Górski K. M. 36 61 Gratton S. 38 34 Griffin M. 52 Guyot G. 24 Haissinski J. 44 Harrison D. 34 38 Helou G. 7 Henrot-Versillé S. 44 Hernández-Monteagudo C. 46 Hildebrandt S. R. 7 43 35 Hills R. 3 Hivon E. 30 Hobson M. 3 Holmes W. A. 36 Huffenberger K. M. 60 Jaffe A. H. 26 Jones W. C. 13 Kaplan J. 2 Kneissl R. 19 4 Knox L. 14 Kunz M. 11 29 Lagache G. 29 Lamarre J.-M. 39 Lange A. E. 27 Lasenby A. 3 38 Lavabre A. 44 Lawrence C. R. 36 Le Jeune M. 2 Leroy C. 29 57 6 Lesgourgues J. 30 Macías-Pérez J. F. 43 MacTavish C. J. 38 Maffei B. 37 Mandolesi N. 22 Mann R. 51 Marleau F. 12 Marshall D. J. 57 6 Masi S. 17 Matsumura T. 7 McAuley I. 47 McGehee P. 27 Melin J.-B. 9 Mercier C. 29 Mitra S. 36 Miville-Deschênes M.-A. 29 5 Moneti A. 30 Montier L. 57 6 Mortlock D. 26 Murphy A. 47 Nati F. 17 Netterfield C. B. 12 Nørgaard-Nielsen H. U. 10 North C. 52 Noviello F. 29 Novikov D. 26 Osborne S. 55 Pajot F. 29 Patanchon G. 2 Peacocke T. 47 Pearson T. J. 7 27 Perdereau O. 44 Perotto L. 43 Piacentini F. 17 Piat M. 2 Plaszczynski S. 44 Pointecouteau E. 57 6 Ponthieu N. 29 Prézeau G. 7 36 Prunet S. 30 Puget J.-L. 29 Reach W. T. 58 Remazeilles M. 2 Renault C. 43 Riazuelo A. 30 Ristorcelli I. 57 6 Rocha G. 36 7 Rosset C. 2 Roudier G. 2 Rowan-Robinson M. 26 Rusholme B. 27 Saha R. 36 Santos D. 43 Savini G. 49 Schaefer B. M. 56 Shellard P. 8 Spencer L. 52 Starck J.-L. 40 9 Stolyarov V. 3 Stompor R. 2 Sudiwala R. 52 Sunyaev R. 46 53 Sutton D. 34 38 Sygnet J.-F. 30 Tauber J. A. 20 Thum C. 33 Torre J.-P. 29 Touze F. 44 Tristram M. 44 Van Leeuwen F. 34 Vibert L. 29 Vibert D. 42 Wade L. A. 36 Wandelt B. D. 30 15 White S. D. M. 46 Wiesemeyer H. 32 Woodcraft A. 52 Yurchenko V. 47 Yvon D. 9 Zacchei A. 21 ⋆⋆ 1 Agenzia Spaziale Italiana Science Data Center , c/o ESRIN, via Galileo Galilei , Frascati , Italy 2 Astroparticule et Cosmologie, CNRS (UMR7164), Université Denis Diderot Paris 7 , Bâtiment Condorcet, 10 rue A. Domon et Léonie Duquet , Paris , France 3 Astrophysics Group, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge , J J Thomson Avenue , Cambridge CB3 0HE , UK 4 Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array, ALMA Santiago Central Offices, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla, 763 0355 Santiago , Chile 5 CITA, University of Toronto , 60 St. George St. , Toronto , ON M5S 3H8 , Canada 6 CNRS , IRAP, 9 Av. colonel Roche , BP 44346 , 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France 7 California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , California , USA 8 DAMTP, University of Cambridge , Centre for Mathematical Sciences, Wilberforce Road , Cambridge CB3 0WA , UK 9 DSM/Irfu/SPP, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France 10 DTU Space, National Space Institute , Juliane Mariesvej 30 , Copenhagen , Denmark 11 Département de Physique Théorique, Université de Genève , 24 Quai E. Ansermet , 1211 Genève 4 , Switzerland 12 Department of Astronomy and Astrophysics, University of Toronto , 50 Saint George Street, Toronto , Ontario , Canada 13 Department of Physics, Princeton University , Princeton , New Jersey , USA 14 Department of Physics, University of California , One Shields Avenue , Davis , California , USA 15 Department of Physics, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign , 1110 West Green Street , Urbana , Illinois , USA 16 Department of Physics, University of Oxford , 1 Keble Road , Oxford , UK 17 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università La Sapienza , P.le A. Moro 2 , Roma , Italy 18 Dipartimento di Fisica, Università degli Studi di Milano , via Celoria 16 , Milano , Italy 19 European Southern Observatory , ESO Vitacura, Alonso de Cordova 3107, Vitacura, Casilla 19001 , Santiago , Chile 20 European Space Agency, ESTEC, Keplerlaan 1 , 2201 AZ Noordwijk , The Netherlands 21 INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Trieste , via G.B. Tiepolo 11 , Trieste , Italy 22 INAF/IASF Bologna , via Gobetti 101 , Bologna , Italy 23 INAF/IASF Milano , via E. Bassini 15 , Milano , Italy 24 INSU, Institut des sciences de l’univers, CNRS , 3 rue Michel-Ange , 75794 Paris Cedex 16 , France 25 IPAG: Institut de Planétologie et d’Astrophysique de Grenoble, Université Joseph Fourier, Grenoble 1/CNRS-INSU, UMR 5274 , 38041 Grenoble , France 26 Imperial College London, Astrophysics group, Blackett Laboratory , Prince Consort Road , London , SW7 2AZ , UK 27 Infrared Processing and Analysis Center, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA 91125 , USA 28 Institut Néel, CNRS, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I , 25 rue des Martyrs , Grenoble , France 29 Institut d’Astrophysique Spatiale, CNRS (UMR8617) Université Paris-Sud 11 , Bâtiment 121 , Orsay , France 30 Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris, CNRS UMR7095, Université Pierre & Marie Curie , 98bis boulevard Arago , Paris , France 31 Institut de Ciències de l’Espai, CSIC/IEEC, Facultat de Ciències , Campus UAB, Torre C5 par-2 , Bellaterra 08193 , Spain 32 Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM) , Avenida Divina Pastora 7, Local 20 , 18012 Granada , Spain 33 Institut de Radioastronomie Millimétrique (IRAM), Domaine Universitaire de Grenoble , 300 rue de la Piscine , 38406 Grenoble , France 34 Institute of Astronomy, University of Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge CB3 0HA , UK 35 Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias , C/Vía Láctea s/n, La Laguna , Tenerife , Spain 36 Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology , 4800 Oak Grove Drive , Pasadena , California , USA 37 Jodrell Bank Centre for Astrophysics, Alan Turing Building, School of Physics and Astronomy, The University of Manchester , Oxford Road , Manchester , M13 9PL , UK 38 Kavli Institute for Cosmology Cambridge , Madingley Road , Cambridge , CB3 0HA , UK 39 LERMA, CNRS, Observatoire de Paris , 61 Ave de l’Observatoire , Paris , France 40 Laboratoire AIM, IRFU/Service d’Astrophysique - CEA/DSM - CNRS - Université Paris Diderot , Bât. 709, CEA-Saclay , 91191 Gif-sur-Yvette Cedex , France 41 Laboratoire Traitement et Communication de l’Information, CNRS (UMR 5141) and Télécom ParisTech , 46 rue Barrault , 75634 Paris Cedex 13 , France 42 Laboratoire d’Astrophysique de Marseille , 38 rue Frédéric Joliot-Curie , 13388 , Marseille Cedex 13 , France 43 Laboratoire de Physique Subatomique et de Cosmologie, CNRS/IN2P3, Université Joseph Fourier Grenoble I, Institut National Polytechnique de Grenoble , 53 rue des Martyrs , 38026 Grenoble Cedex , France 44 Laboratoire de l’Accélérateur Linéaire, Université Paris-Sud 11, CNRS/IN2P3 , Orsay , France 45 Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory , Berkeley , California , USA 46 Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik , Karl-Schwarzschild-Str. 1 , 85741 Garching , Germany 47 National University of Ireland, Department of Experimental Physics , Maynooth , Co. Kildare , Ireland 48 Observational Cosmology, Mail Stop 367-17, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena , CA , 91125 , USA 49 Optical Science Laboratory, University College London , Gower Street , London , UK 50 Rutherford Appleton Laboratory , Chilton , Didcot , UK 51 SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Royal Observatory , Blackford Hill , Edinburgh EH9 3HJ , UK 52 School of Physics and Astronomy, Cardiff University , Queens Buildings, The Parade , Cardiff , CF24 3AA , UK 53 Space Research Institute (IKI), Russian Academy of Sciences , Profsoyuznaya Str, 84/32 , 117997 Moscow , Russia 54 Space Sciences Laboratory, University of California , Berkeley , California , USA 55 Stanford University , Dept of Physics, Varian Physics Bldg , 382 via Pueblo Mall , Stanford , California , USA 56 Universität Heidelberg, Institut für Theoretische Astrophysik , Albert-Überle-Str. 2 , 69120 Heidelberg , Germany 57 Université de Toulouse , UPS-OMP, IRAP , 31028 Toulouse Cedex 4 , France 58 Universities Space Research Association, Stratospheric Observatory for Infrared Astronomy , MS 211-3 , Moffett Field , CA 94035 , USA 59 University of Granada, Departamento de Física Teórica y del Cosmos, Facultad de Ciencias , Granada , Spain 60 University of Miami, Knight Physics Building , 1320 Campo Sano Dr. , Coral Gables , Florida , USA 61 Warsaw University Observatory , Aleje Ujazdowskie 4 , 00-478 Warszawa , Poland ⋆⋆ This list includes those who contributed substantially over the years to the development of the HFI instrument, its operation and its data processing, as well as all the members of the Planck science team. 01 12 2011 01 12 2011 12 2011 536 aa/2011/12
PY - 2011
Y1 - 2011
N2 - We describe the processing of the 336 billion raw data samples from the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) which we performed to produce six temperature maps from the first 295 days of Planck-HFI survey data. These maps provide an accurate rendition of the sky emission at 100, 143, 217, 353, 545 and 857 GHz with an angular resolution ranging from 9.9 to 4.4′. The white noise level is around 1.5 μK degree or less in the 3 main CMB channels (100-217 GHz). The photometric accuracy is better than 2% at frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz and around 7% at the two highest frequencies. The maps created by the HFI Data Processing Centre reach our goals in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and photometric accuracy. They are already sufficiently accurate and well-characterised to allow scientific analyses which are presented in an accompanying series of early papers. At this stage, HFI data appears to be of high quality and we expect that with further refinements of the data processing we should be able to achieve, or exceed, the science goals of the Planck project.
AB - We describe the processing of the 336 billion raw data samples from the High Frequency Instrument (HFI) which we performed to produce six temperature maps from the first 295 days of Planck-HFI survey data. These maps provide an accurate rendition of the sky emission at 100, 143, 217, 353, 545 and 857 GHz with an angular resolution ranging from 9.9 to 4.4′. The white noise level is around 1.5 μK degree or less in the 3 main CMB channels (100-217 GHz). The photometric accuracy is better than 2% at frequencies between 100 and 353 GHz and around 7% at the two highest frequencies. The maps created by the HFI Data Processing Centre reach our goals in terms of sensitivity, resolution, and photometric accuracy. They are already sufficiently accurate and well-characterised to allow scientific analyses which are presented in an accompanying series of early papers. At this stage, HFI data appears to be of high quality and we expect that with further refinements of the data processing we should be able to achieve, or exceed, the science goals of the Planck project.
KW - Cosmic background radiation
KW - Cosmology
KW - Methods
KW - Surveys
KW - data analysis
KW - observations
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=82955187932&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=82955187932&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201116462
DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201116462
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:82955187932
SN - 0004-6361
VL - 536
JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics
JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics
M1 - A6
ER -