Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure

P. A.R. Ade; N. Aghanim; C. Armitage-Caplan; M. Arnaud; M. Ashdown; F. Atrio-Barandela; J. Aumont; C. Baccigalupi; A. J. Banday; R. B. Barreiro; J. G. Bartlett; S. Basak; E. Battaner; K. Benabed; A. Benoît; A. Benoit-Lévy; J. P. Bernard; M. Bersanelli; P. Bielewicz; J. Bobin; J. J. Bock; A. Bonaldi; L. Bonavera; J. R. Bond; J. Borrill; F. R. Bouchet; M. Bridges; M. Bucher; C. Burigana; R. C. Butler; J. F. Cardoso; A. Catalano; A. Challinor; A. Chamballu; H. C. Chiang; L. Y. Chiang; P. R. Christensen; S. Church; D. L. Clements; S. Colombi; L. P.L. Colombo; F. Couchot; A. Coulais; B. P. Crill; A. Curto; F. Cuttaia; L. Danese; R. D. Davies; R. J. Davis; P. De Bernardis; A. De Rosa; G. De Zotti; T. Déchelette; J. Delabrouille; J. M. Delouis; F. X. Désert; C. Dickinson; J. M. Diego; H. Dole; S. Donzelli; O. Doré; M. Douspis; J. Dunkley; X. Dupac; G. Efstathiou; T. A. Enßlin; H. K. Eriksen; F. Finelli; O. Forni; M. Frailis; E. Franceschi; S. Galeotta; K. Ganga; M. Giard; G. Giardino; Y. Giraud-Héraud; J. González-Nuevo; K. M. Górski; S. Gratton; A. Gregorio; A. Gruppuso; J. E. Gudmundsson; F. K. Hansen; D. Hanson; D. Harrison; S. Henrot-Versillé; C. Hernández-Monteagudo; D. Herranz; S. R. Hildebrandt; E. Hivon; S. Ho; M. Hobson; W. A. Holmes; A. Hornstrup; W. Hovest; K. M. Huffenberger; A. H. Jaffe; T. R. Jaffe; W. C. Jones; M. Juvela; E. Keihänen; R. Keskitalo; T. S. Kisner; R. Kneissl; J. Knoche; L. Knox; M. Kunz; H. Kurki-Suonio; G. Lagache; A. Lähteenmäki; J. M. Lamarre; A. Lasenby; R. J. Laureijs; A. Lavabre; C. R. Lawrence; J. P. Leahy; R. Leonardi; J. León-Tavares; J. León-Tavares; A. Lewis; M. Liguori; P. B. Lilje; M. Linden-Vørnle; M. López-Caniego; P. M. Lubin; J. F. Maciás-Pérez; B. Maffei; D. Maino; N. Mandolesi; A. Mangilli; M. Maris; D. J. Marshall; P. G. Martin; E. Martínez-González; S. Masi; M. Massardi; S. Matarrese; F. Matthai; P. Mazzotta; A. Melchiorri; L. Mendes; A. Mennella; M. Migliaccio; S. Mitra; M. A. Miville-Deschênes; A. Moneti; L. Montier; G. Morgante; D. Mortlock; A. Moss; D. Munshi; J. A. Murphy; P. Naselsky; F. Nati; P. Natoli; C. B. Netterfield; H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen; F. Noviello; D. Novikov; I. Novikov; S. Osborne; C. A. Oxborrow; F. Paci; L. Pagano; F. Pajot; D. Paoletti; B. Partridge; F. Pasian; G. Patanchon; O. Perdereau; L. Perotto; F. Perrotta; F. Piacentini; M. Piat; E. Pierpaoli; D. Pietrobon; S. Plaszczynski; E. Pointecouteau; G. Polenta; N. Ponthieu; L. Popa; T. Poutanen; G. W. Pratt; G. Prézeau; S. Prunet; J. L. Puget; A. R. Pullen; J. P. Rachen; R. Rebolo; M. Reinecke; M. Remazeilles; C. Renault; S. Ricciardi; T. Riller; I. Ristorcelli; G. Rocha; C. Rosset; G. Roudier; M. Rowan-Robinson; J. A. Rubinõ-Martín; B. Rusholme; M. Sandri; D. Santos; G. Savini; D. Scott; M. D. Seiffert; E. P.S. Shellard; K. Smith; L. D. Spencer; J. L. Starck; V. Stolyarov; R. Stompor; R. Sudiwala; R. Sunyaev; F. Sureau; D. Sutton; A. S. Suur-Uski; J. F. Sygnet; J. A. Tauber; D. Tavagnacco; L. Terenzi; L. Toffolatti; M. Tomasi; M. Tristram; M. Tucci; J. Tuovinen; G. Umana; L. Valenziano; J. Valiviita; B. Van Tent; P. Vielva; F. Villa; N. Vittorio; L. A. Wade; B. D. Wandelt; M. White; S. D.M. White; D. Yvon; A. Zacchei; A. Zonca

doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure

P. A.R. Ade, N. Aghanim, C. Armitage-Caplan, M. Arnaud, M. Ashdown, F. Atrio-Barandela, J. Aumont, C. Baccigalupi, A. J. Banday, R. B. Barreiro, J. G. Bartlett, S. Basak, E. Battaner, K. Benabed, A. Benoît, A. Benoit-Lévy, J. P. Bernard, M. Bersanelli, P. Bielewicz, J. BobinJ. J. Bock, A. Bonaldi, L. Bonavera, J. R. Bond, J. Borrill, F. R. Bouchet, M. Bridges, M. Bucher, C. Burigana, R. C. Butler, J. F. Cardoso, A. Catalano, A. Challinor, A. Chamballu, H. C. Chiang, L. Y. Chiang, P. R. Christensen, S. Church, D. L. Clements, S. Colombi, L. P.L. Colombo, F. Couchot, A. Coulais, B. P. Crill, A. Curto, F. Cuttaia, L. Danese, R. D. Davies, R. J. Davis, P. De Bernardis, A. De Rosa, G. De Zotti, T. Déchelette, J. Delabrouille, J. M. Delouis, F. X. Désert, C. Dickinson, J. M. Diego, H. Dole, S. Donzelli, O. Doré, M. Douspis, J. Dunkley, X. Dupac, G. Efstathiou, T. A. Enßlin, H. K. Eriksen, F. Finelli, O. Forni, M. Frailis, E. Franceschi, S. Galeotta, K. Ganga, M. Giard, G. Giardino, Y. Giraud-Héraud, J. González-Nuevo, K. M. Górski, S. Gratton, A. Gregorio, A. Gruppuso, J. E. Gudmundsson, F. K. Hansen, D. Hanson, D. Harrison, S. Henrot-Versillé, C. Hernández-Monteagudo, D. Herranz, S. R. Hildebrandt, E. Hivon, S. Ho, M. Hobson, W. A. Holmes, A. Hornstrup, W. Hovest, K. M. Huffenberger, A. H. Jaffe, T. R. Jaffe, W. C. Jones, M. Juvela, E. Keihänen, R. Keskitalo, T. S. Kisner, R. Kneissl, J. Knoche, L. Knox, M. Kunz, H. Kurki-Suonio, G. Lagache, A. Lähteenmäki, J. M. Lamarre, A. Lasenby, R. J. Laureijs, A. Lavabre, C. R. Lawrence, J. P. Leahy, R. Leonardi, J. León-Tavares, J. León-Tavares, A. Lewis, M. Liguori, P. B. Lilje, M. Linden-Vørnle, M. López-Caniego, P. M. Lubin, J. F. Maciás-Pérez, B. Maffei, D. Maino, N. Mandolesi, A. Mangilli, M. Maris, D. J. Marshall, P. G. Martin, E. Martínez-González, S. Masi, M. Massardi, S. Matarrese, F. Matthai, P. Mazzotta, A. Melchiorri, L. Mendes, A. Mennella, M. Migliaccio, S. Mitra, M. A. Miville-Deschênes, A. Moneti, L. Montier, G. Morgante, D. Mortlock, A. Moss, D. Munshi, J. A. Murphy, P. Naselsky, F. Nati, P. Natoli, C. B. Netterfield, H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen, F. Noviello, D. Novikov, I. Novikov, S. Osborne, C. A. Oxborrow, F. Paci, L. Pagano, F. Pajot, D. Paoletti, B. Partridge, F. Pasian, G. Patanchon, O. Perdereau, L. Perotto, F. Perrotta, F. Piacentini, M. Piat, E. Pierpaoli, D. Pietrobon, S. Plaszczynski, E. Pointecouteau, G. Polenta, N. Ponthieu, L. Popa, T. Poutanen, G. W. Pratt, G. Prézeau, S. Prunet, J. L. Puget, A. R. Pullen, J. P. Rachen, R. Rebolo, M. Reinecke, M. Remazeilles, C. Renault, S. Ricciardi, T. Riller, I. Ristorcelli, G. Rocha, C. Rosset, G. Roudier, M. Rowan-Robinson, J. A. Rubinõ-Martín, B. Rusholme, M. Sandri, D. Santos, G. Savini, D. Scott, M. D. Seiffert, E. P.S. Shellard, K. Smith, L. D. Spencer, J. L. Starck, V. Stolyarov, R. Stompor, R. Sudiwala, R. Sunyaev, F. Sureau, D. Sutton, A. S. Suur-Uski, J. F. Sygnet, J. A. Tauber, D. Tavagnacco, L. Terenzi, L. Toffolatti, M. Tomasi, M. Tristram, M. Tucci, J. Tuovinen, G. Umana, L. Valenziano, J. Valiviita, B. Van Tent, P. Vielva, F. Villa, N. Vittorio, L. A. Wade, B. D. Wandelt, M. White, S. D.M. White, D. Yvon, A. Zacchei, A. Zonca

Physics

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

164 Scopus citations

Abstract

On the arcminute angular scales probed by Planck, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are gently perturbed by gravitational lensing. Here we present a detailed study of this effect, detecting lensing independently in the 100, 143, and 217 GHz frequency bands with an overall significance of greater than 25σ. We use thetemperature-gradient correlations induced by lensing to reconstruct a (noisy) map of the CMB lensing potential, which provides an integrated measure of the mass distribution back to the CMB last-scattering surface. Our lensing potential map is significantly correlated with other tracers of mass, a fact which we demonstrate using several representative tracers of large-scale structure. We estimate the power spectrum of the lensing potential, finding generally good agreement with expectations from the best-fitting ΛCDM model for the Planck temperature power spectrum, showing that this measurement at z = 1100 correctly predicts the properties of the lower-redshift, later-time structures which source the lensing potential. When combined with the temperature power spectrum, our measurement provides degeneracy-breaking power for parameter constraints; it improves CMB-alone constraints on curvature by a factor of two and also partly breaks the degeneracy between the amplitude of the primordial perturbation power spectrum and the optical depth to reionization, allowing a measurement of the optical depth to reionization which is independent of large-scale polarization data. Discarding scale information, our measurement corresponds to a 4% constraint on the amplitude of the lensing potential power spectrum, or a 2% constraint on the root-mean-squared amplitude of matter fluctuations at z ~ 2.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	A17
Journal	Astronomy and Astrophysics
Volume	571
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321543
State	Published - Nov 1 2014

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

Cosmic background radiation
Gravitational lensing: weak
Large-scale structure of Universe
Methods: data analysis

Access to Document

10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

Cite this

Ade, P. A. R., Aghanim, N., Armitage-Caplan, C., Arnaud, M., Ashdown, M., Atrio-Barandela, F., Aumont, J., Baccigalupi, C., Banday, A. J., Barreiro, R. B., Bartlett, J. G., Basak, S., Battaner, E., Benabed, K., Benoît, A., Benoit-Lévy, A., Bernard, J. P., Bersanelli, M., Bielewicz, P., ... Zonca, A. (2014). Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure. Astronomy and Astrophysics, 571, Article A17. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

@article{f0fea5237bf94b158c2862a98f8fdb83,

title = "Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure",

abstract = "On the arcminute angular scales probed by Planck, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are gently perturbed by gravitational lensing. Here we present a detailed study of this effect, detecting lensing independently in the 100, 143, and 217 GHz frequency bands with an overall significance of greater than 25σ. We use thetemperature-gradient correlations induced by lensing to reconstruct a (noisy) map of the CMB lensing potential, which provides an integrated measure of the mass distribution back to the CMB last-scattering surface. Our lensing potential map is significantly correlated with other tracers of mass, a fact which we demonstrate using several representative tracers of large-scale structure. We estimate the power spectrum of the lensing potential, finding generally good agreement with expectations from the best-fitting ΛCDM model for the Planck temperature power spectrum, showing that this measurement at z = 1100 correctly predicts the properties of the lower-redshift, later-time structures which source the lensing potential. When combined with the temperature power spectrum, our measurement provides degeneracy-breaking power for parameter constraints; it improves CMB-alone constraints on curvature by a factor of two and also partly breaks the degeneracy between the amplitude of the primordial perturbation power spectrum and the optical depth to reionization, allowing a measurement of the optical depth to reionization which is independent of large-scale polarization data. Discarding scale information, our measurement corresponds to a 4% constraint on the amplitude of the lensing potential power spectrum, or a 2% constraint on the root-mean-squared amplitude of matter fluctuations at z ~ 2.",

keywords = "Cosmic background radiation, Gravitational lensing: weak, Large-scale structure of Universe, Methods: data analysis",

author = "Ade, {P. A.R.} and N. Aghanim and C. Armitage-Caplan and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and F. Atrio-Barandela and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and Banday, {A. J.} and Barreiro, {R. B.} and Bartlett, {J. G.} and S. Basak and E. Battaner and K. Benabed and A. Beno{\^i}t and A. Benoit-L{\'e}vy and Bernard, {J. P.} and M. Bersanelli and P. Bielewicz and J. Bobin and Bock, {J. J.} and A. Bonaldi and L. Bonavera and Bond, {J. R.} and J. Borrill and Bouchet, {F. R.} and M. Bridges and M. Bucher and C. Burigana and Butler, {R. C.} and Cardoso, {J. F.} and A. Catalano and A. Challinor and A. Chamballu and Chiang, {H. C.} and Chiang, {L. Y.} and Christensen, {P. R.} and S. Church and Clements, {D. L.} and S. Colombi and Colombo, {L. P.L.} and F. Couchot and A. Coulais and Crill, {B. P.} and A. Curto and F. Cuttaia and L. Danese and Davies, {R. D.} and Davis, {R. J.} and {De Bernardis}, P. and {De Rosa}, A. and {De Zotti}, G. and T. D{\'e}chelette and J. Delabrouille and Delouis, {J. M.} and D{\'e}sert, {F. X.} and C. Dickinson and Diego, {J. M.} and H. Dole and S. Donzelli and O. Dor{\'e} and M. Douspis and J. Dunkley and X. Dupac and G. Efstathiou and En{\ss}lin, {T. A.} and Eriksen, {H. K.} and F. Finelli and O. Forni and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and S. Galeotta and K. Ganga and M. Giard and G. Giardino and Y. Giraud-H{\'e}raud and J. Gonz{\'a}lez-Nuevo and G{\'o}rski, {K. M.} and S. Gratton and A. Gregorio and A. Gruppuso and Gudmundsson, {J. E.} and Hansen, {F. K.} and D. Hanson and D. Harrison and S. Henrot-Versill{\'e} and C. Hern{\'a}ndez-Monteagudo and D. Herranz and Hildebrandt, {S. R.} and E. Hivon and S. Ho and M. Hobson and Holmes, {W. A.} and A. Hornstrup and W. Hovest and Huffenberger, {K. M.} and Jaffe, {A. H.} and Jaffe, {T. R.} and Jones, {W. C.} and M. Juvela and E. Keih{\"a}nen and R. Keskitalo and Kisner, {T. S.} and R. Kneissl and J. Knoche and L. Knox and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and G. Lagache and A. L{\"a}hteenm{\"a}ki and Lamarre, {J. M.} and A. Lasenby and Laureijs, {R. J.} and A. Lavabre and Lawrence, {C. R.} and Leahy, {J. P.} and R. Leonardi and J. Le{\'o}n-Tavares and J. Le{\'o}n-Tavares and A. Lewis and M. Liguori and Lilje, {P. B.} and M. Linden-V{\o}rnle and M. L{\'o}pez-Caniego and Lubin, {P. M.} and Maci{\'a}s-P{\'e}rez, {J. F.} and B. Maffei and D. Maino and N. Mandolesi and A. Mangilli and M. Maris and Marshall, {D. J.} and Martin, {P. G.} and E. Mart{\'i}nez-Gonz{\'a}lez and S. Masi and M. Massardi and S. Matarrese and F. Matthai and P. Mazzotta and A. Melchiorri and L. Mendes and A. Mennella and M. Migliaccio and S. Mitra and Miville-Desch{\^e}nes, {M. A.} and A. Moneti and L. Montier and G. Morgante and D. Mortlock and A. Moss and D. Munshi and Murphy, {J. A.} and P. Naselsky and F. Nati and P. Natoli and Netterfield, {C. B.} and N{\o}rgaard-Nielsen, {H. U.} and F. Noviello and D. Novikov and I. Novikov and S. Osborne and Oxborrow, {C. A.} and F. Paci and L. Pagano and F. Pajot and D. Paoletti and B. Partridge and F. Pasian and G. Patanchon and O. Perdereau and L. Perotto and F. Perrotta and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and E. Pierpaoli and D. Pietrobon and S. Plaszczynski and E. Pointecouteau and G. Polenta and N. Ponthieu and L. Popa and T. Poutanen and Pratt, {G. W.} and G. Pr{\'e}zeau and S. Prunet and Puget, {J. L.} and Pullen, {A. R.} and Rachen, {J. P.} and R. Rebolo and M. Reinecke and M. Remazeilles and C. Renault and S. Ricciardi and T. Riller and I. Ristorcelli and G. Rocha and C. Rosset and G. Roudier and M. Rowan-Robinson and Rubin{\~o}-Mart{\'i}n, {J. A.} and B. Rusholme and M. Sandri and D. Santos and G. Savini and D. Scott and Seiffert, {M. D.} and Shellard, {E. P.S.} and K. Smith and Spencer, {L. D.} and Starck, {J. L.} and V. Stolyarov and R. Stompor and R. Sudiwala and R. Sunyaev and F. Sureau and D. Sutton and Suur-Uski, {A. S.} and Sygnet, {J. F.} and Tauber, {J. A.} and D. Tavagnacco and L. Terenzi and L. Toffolatti and M. Tomasi and M. Tristram and M. Tucci and J. Tuovinen and G. Umana and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and {Van Tent}, B. and P. Vielva and F. Villa and N. Vittorio and Wade, {L. A.} and Wandelt, {B. D.} and M. White and White, {S. D.M.} and D. Yvon and A. Zacchei and A. Zonca",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2014 ESO.",

year = "2014",

month = nov,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1051/0004-6361/201321543",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "571",

journal = "Astronomy and Astrophysics",

issn = "0004-6361",

publisher = "EDP Sciences",

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Ade, PAR, Aghanim, N, Armitage-Caplan, C, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartlett, JG, Basak, S, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoît, A, Benoit-Lévy, A, Bernard, JP, Bersanelli, M, Bielewicz, P, Bobin, J, Bock, JJ, Bonaldi, A, Bonavera, L, Bond, JR, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Bridges, M, Bucher, M, Burigana, C, Butler, RC, Cardoso, JF, Catalano, A, Challinor, A, Chamballu, A, Chiang, HC, Chiang, LY, Christensen, PR, Church, S, Clements, DL, Colombi, S, Colombo, LPL, Couchot, F, Coulais, A, Crill, BP, Curto, A, Cuttaia, F, Danese, L, Davies, RD, Davis, RJ, De Bernardis, P, De Rosa, A, De Zotti, G, Déchelette, T, Delabrouille, J, Delouis, JM, Désert, FX, Dickinson, C, Diego, JM, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Doré, O, Douspis, M, Dunkley, J, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Enßlin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Finelli, F, Forni, O, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Giard, M, Giardino, G, Giraud-Héraud, Y, González-Nuevo, J, Górski, KM, Gratton, S, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Gudmundsson, JE, Hansen, FK, Hanson, D, Harrison, D, Henrot-Versillé, S, Hernández-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Ho, S, Hobson, M, Holmes, WA, Hornstrup, A, Hovest, W, Huffenberger, KM, Jaffe, AH, Jaffe, TR, Jones, WC, Juvela, M, Keihänen, E, Keskitalo, R, Kisner, TS, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lähteenmäki, A, Lamarre, JM, Lasenby, A, Laureijs, RJ, Lavabre, A, Lawrence, CR, Leahy, JP, Leonardi, R, León-Tavares, J, León-Tavares, J, Lewis, A, Liguori, M, Lilje, PB, Linden-Vørnle, M, López-Caniego, M, Lubin, PM, Maciás-Pérez, JF, Maffei, B, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Mangilli, A, Maris, M, Marshall, DJ, Martin, PG, Martínez-González, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Matthai, F, Mazzotta, P, Melchiorri, A, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Migliaccio, M, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschênes, MA, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Moss, A, Munshi, D, Murphy, JA, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Netterfield, CB, Nørgaard-Nielsen, HU, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Oxborrow, CA, Paci, F, Pagano, L, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Partridge, B, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Pietrobon, D, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, GW, Prézeau, G, Prunet, S, Puget, JL, Pullen, AR, Rachen, JP, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Rosset, C, Roudier, G, Rowan-Robinson, M, Rubinõ-Martín, JA, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Santos, D, Savini, G, Scott, D, Seiffert, MD, Shellard, EPS, Smith, K, Spencer, LD, Starck, JL, Stolyarov, V, Stompor, R, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sureau, F, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, AS, Sygnet, JF, Tauber, JA, Tavagnacco, D, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tucci, M, Tuovinen, J, Umana, G, Valenziano, L, Valiviita, J, Van Tent, B, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, LA, Wandelt, BD, White, M, White, SDM, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A & Zonca, A 2014, 'Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure', Astronomy and Astrophysics, vol. 571, A17. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

TY - JOUR

T1 - Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure

AU - Ade, P. A.R.

AU - Aghanim, N.

AU - Armitage-Caplan, C.

AU - Arnaud, M.

AU - Ashdown, M.

AU - Atrio-Barandela, F.

AU - Aumont, J.

AU - Baccigalupi, C.

AU - Banday, A. J.

AU - Barreiro, R. B.

AU - Bartlett, J. G.

AU - Basak, S.

AU - Battaner, E.

AU - Benabed, K.

AU - Benoît, A.

AU - Benoit-Lévy, A.

AU - Bernard, J. P.

AU - Bersanelli, M.

AU - Bielewicz, P.

AU - Bobin, J.

AU - Bock, J. J.

AU - Bonaldi, A.

AU - Bonavera, L.

AU - Bond, J. R.

AU - Borrill, J.

AU - Bouchet, F. R.

AU - Bridges, M.

AU - Bucher, M.

AU - Burigana, C.

AU - Butler, R. C.

AU - Cardoso, J. F.

AU - Catalano, A.

AU - Challinor, A.

AU - Chamballu, A.

AU - Chiang, H. C.

AU - Chiang, L. Y.

AU - Christensen, P. R.

AU - Church, S.

AU - Clements, D. L.

AU - Colombi, S.

AU - Colombo, L. P.L.

AU - Couchot, F.

AU - Coulais, A.

AU - Crill, B. P.

AU - Curto, A.

AU - Cuttaia, F.

AU - Danese, L.

AU - Davies, R. D.

AU - Davis, R. J.

AU - De Bernardis, P.

AU - De Rosa, A.

AU - De Zotti, G.

AU - Déchelette, T.

AU - Delabrouille, J.

AU - Delouis, J. M.

AU - Désert, F. X.

AU - Dickinson, C.

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PY - 2014/11/1

Y1 - 2014/11/1

N2 - On the arcminute angular scales probed by Planck, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are gently perturbed by gravitational lensing. Here we present a detailed study of this effect, detecting lensing independently in the 100, 143, and 217 GHz frequency bands with an overall significance of greater than 25σ. We use thetemperature-gradient correlations induced by lensing to reconstruct a (noisy) map of the CMB lensing potential, which provides an integrated measure of the mass distribution back to the CMB last-scattering surface. Our lensing potential map is significantly correlated with other tracers of mass, a fact which we demonstrate using several representative tracers of large-scale structure. We estimate the power spectrum of the lensing potential, finding generally good agreement with expectations from the best-fitting ΛCDM model for the Planck temperature power spectrum, showing that this measurement at z = 1100 correctly predicts the properties of the lower-redshift, later-time structures which source the lensing potential. When combined with the temperature power spectrum, our measurement provides degeneracy-breaking power for parameter constraints; it improves CMB-alone constraints on curvature by a factor of two and also partly breaks the degeneracy between the amplitude of the primordial perturbation power spectrum and the optical depth to reionization, allowing a measurement of the optical depth to reionization which is independent of large-scale polarization data. Discarding scale information, our measurement corresponds to a 4% constraint on the amplitude of the lensing potential power spectrum, or a 2% constraint on the root-mean-squared amplitude of matter fluctuations at z ~ 2.

AB - On the arcminute angular scales probed by Planck, the cosmic microwave background (CMB) anisotropies are gently perturbed by gravitational lensing. Here we present a detailed study of this effect, detecting lensing independently in the 100, 143, and 217 GHz frequency bands with an overall significance of greater than 25σ. We use thetemperature-gradient correlations induced by lensing to reconstruct a (noisy) map of the CMB lensing potential, which provides an integrated measure of the mass distribution back to the CMB last-scattering surface. Our lensing potential map is significantly correlated with other tracers of mass, a fact which we demonstrate using several representative tracers of large-scale structure. We estimate the power spectrum of the lensing potential, finding generally good agreement with expectations from the best-fitting ΛCDM model for the Planck temperature power spectrum, showing that this measurement at z = 1100 correctly predicts the properties of the lower-redshift, later-time structures which source the lensing potential. When combined with the temperature power spectrum, our measurement provides degeneracy-breaking power for parameter constraints; it improves CMB-alone constraints on curvature by a factor of two and also partly breaks the degeneracy between the amplitude of the primordial perturbation power spectrum and the optical depth to reionization, allowing a measurement of the optical depth to reionization which is independent of large-scale polarization data. Discarding scale information, our measurement corresponds to a 4% constraint on the amplitude of the lensing potential power spectrum, or a 2% constraint on the root-mean-squared amplitude of matter fluctuations at z ~ 2.

KW - Cosmic background radiation

KW - Gravitational lensing: weak

KW - Large-scale structure of Universe

KW - Methods: data analysis

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84908673670&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=84908673670&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

DO - 10.1051/0004-6361/201321543

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:84908673670

SN - 0004-6361

VL - 571

JO - Astronomy and Astrophysics

JF - Astronomy and Astrophysics

M1 - A17

ER -

Planck 2013 results. XVII. Gravitational lensing by large-scale structure

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