TY - JOUR
T1 - Physical layer security for multi-user MIMO visible light communication systems with generalized space shift keying
AU - Su, Nugman
AU - Panayirci, Erdal
AU - Koca, Mutlu
AU - Yesilkaya, Anil
AU - Poor, H. Vincent
AU - Haas, Harald
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received June 30, 2020; revised October 28, 2020 and December 21, 2020; accepted December 21, 2020. Date of publication January 8, 2021; date of current version April 16, 2021. This research has been supported in part by the Scientific and Technical Research Council of Turkey (TUBITAK) under the 1003-Priority Areas Research and Development Projects Support Program No. 218E034, and in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CCF-1908308. This research was also supported in part by EPSRC under Established Career Fellowship Grant EP/R007101/1. Anil Yesilkaya acknowledges the financial support from Zodiac Inflight Innovations (TriaGnoSys GmbH). Harald Haas acknowledges support from the Wolfson Foundation and the Royal Society. The associate editor coordinating the review of this article and approving it for publication was W. Xu. (Corresponding author: Nug˘man Su.) Nug˘man Su and Mutlu Koca are with the Wireless Communications Laboratory, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, Bog˘aziçi University, 34342 Istanbul, Turkey (e-mail: nugman.su@boun.edu.tr; mutlu.koca@boun.edu.tr).
Publisher Copyright:
© 1972-2012 IEEE.
PY - 2021/4
Y1 - 2021/4
N2 - We consider the physical layer security (PLS) of multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output visible light communication (VLC) systems with an eavesdropper (Eve) and propose a novel spatial constellation design technique based on generalized space shift keying (MU-GSSK-SCD). The received signals of the legitimate users are optimized jointly, such that their bit error ratios (BERs) are minimized and Eve's BER is significantly degraded. The emission power of randomly selected light-emitting diodes is adjusted, by exploiting users' channel state information at the transmitter. Our strategy ensures that legitimate users receive confidential messages fully in an undistorted fashion, while any meaningful leakage to Eve is strongly prohibited, without any artificial noise addition. Every user can decode only its information, hence inter-user security is also guaranteed. The PLS improvements are presented in terms of both BERs and achievable secrecy rates in practical VLC scenarios. For various user configurations, it is shown that MU-GSSK-SCD increases the BER at Eve to the 0.5 level, while providing minimized BERs to the legitimate users. The achievable secrecy rate region is derived for MU-GSSK-SCD and it is shown that full secrecy can be achieved at 0 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level with a user separation as small as 90 cm.
AB - We consider the physical layer security (PLS) of multi-user (MU) multiple-input-multiple-output visible light communication (VLC) systems with an eavesdropper (Eve) and propose a novel spatial constellation design technique based on generalized space shift keying (MU-GSSK-SCD). The received signals of the legitimate users are optimized jointly, such that their bit error ratios (BERs) are minimized and Eve's BER is significantly degraded. The emission power of randomly selected light-emitting diodes is adjusted, by exploiting users' channel state information at the transmitter. Our strategy ensures that legitimate users receive confidential messages fully in an undistorted fashion, while any meaningful leakage to Eve is strongly prohibited, without any artificial noise addition. Every user can decode only its information, hence inter-user security is also guaranteed. The PLS improvements are presented in terms of both BERs and achievable secrecy rates in practical VLC scenarios. For various user configurations, it is shown that MU-GSSK-SCD increases the BER at Eve to the 0.5 level, while providing minimized BERs to the legitimate users. The achievable secrecy rate region is derived for MU-GSSK-SCD and it is shown that full secrecy can be achieved at 0 dB signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) level with a user separation as small as 90 cm.
KW - Generalized space shift keying (GSSK)
KW - Multi-user communication
KW - Multiple-input-multiple-output channels (MIMO)
KW - Physical layer security (PLS)
KW - Secrecy rate region
KW - Visible light communication (VLC)
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U2 - 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3050100
DO - 10.1109/TCOMM.2021.3050100
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85099569011
SN - 0090-6778
VL - 69
SP - 2585
EP - 2598
JO - IEEE Transactions on Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Communications
IS - 4
M1 - 9317699
ER -