TY - JOUR
T1 - Phase behavior of N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidones in aqueous and nonaqueous systems and the effect of additives
AU - Lou, Anjing
AU - Pethica, B. A.
AU - Somasundaran, P.
AU - Yu, Xiang
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank International Special Product Inc. and the National Science Foundation (CTS-9510190) for financial support of this work. We also thank Dr. Kumar Subramanyan for valuable discussions on solubility parameters.
PY - 2002
Y1 - 2002
N2 - The phase behavior of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and a homologous series of N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidones mixed with water or with paraffins has been studied, and the effect of additives investigated. Depending upon the alkyl chain length, concentration, and temperature, the compounds can be either partially or completely miscible with water or paraffins. Several mixtures of the pyrrolidones and water show a lower consolute temperature (LCT). The LCTs can be changed to higher or lower temperatures by addition of salts, acids, and other compounds. Mixtures of the pyrrolidone compounds with paraffins, on the other hand, show an upper consolute temperature (UCT) behavior. The UCT decreases with the alkyl chain length of the pyrrolidones, but increases with the paraffin chain length. The miscibility of a given paraffin/pyrrolidone mixture can be improved by adding a longer chain pyrrolidone as third component.
AB - The phase behavior of N-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidone and a homologous series of N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidones mixed with water or with paraffins has been studied, and the effect of additives investigated. Depending upon the alkyl chain length, concentration, and temperature, the compounds can be either partially or completely miscible with water or paraffins. Several mixtures of the pyrrolidones and water show a lower consolute temperature (LCT). The LCTs can be changed to higher or lower temperatures by addition of salts, acids, and other compounds. Mixtures of the pyrrolidone compounds with paraffins, on the other hand, show an upper consolute temperature (UCT) behavior. The UCT decreases with the alkyl chain length of the pyrrolidones, but increases with the paraffin chain length. The miscibility of a given paraffin/pyrrolidone mixture can be improved by adding a longer chain pyrrolidone as third component.
KW - Lower/upper consolute temperature
KW - N-alkyl-2-pyrrolidone
KW - Phase separation
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U2 - 10.1006/jcis.2002.8223
DO - 10.1006/jcis.2002.8223
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:0036976325
SN - 0021-9797
VL - 256
SP - 190
EP - 193
JO - Journal of Colloid And Interface Science
JF - Journal of Colloid And Interface Science
IS - 1
ER -