Parasite invasion following host reintroduction: A case study of Yellowstone's wolves

Emily S. Almberg, Paul C. Cross, Andrew P. Dobson, Douglas W. Smith, Peter J. Hudson

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

77 Scopus citations

Abstract

Wildlife reintroductions select or treat individuals for good health with the expectation that these individuals will fare better than infected animals. However, these individuals, new to their environment, may also be particularly susceptible to circulating infections and this may result in high morbidity and mortality, potentially jeopardizing the goals of recovery. Here, using the reintroduction of the grey wolf (Canis lupus) into Yellowstone National Park as a case study, we address the question of how parasites invade a reintroduced population and consider the impact of these invasions on population performance. We find that several viral parasites rapidly invaded the population inside the park, likely via spillover from resident canid species, and we contrast these with the slower invasion of sarcoptic mange, caused by the mite Sarcoptes scabiei. The spatio-temporal patterns of mange invasion were largely consistent with patterns of host connectivity and density, and we demonstrate that the area of highest resource quality, supporting the greatest density of wolves, is also the region that appears most susceptible to repeated disease invasion and parasite-induced declines. The success of wolf reintroduction appears not to have been jeopardized by infectious disease, but now shows signs of regulation or limitation modulated by parasites.

Original languageEnglish (US)
Pages (from-to)2840-2851
Number of pages12
JournalPhilosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
Volume367
Issue number1604
DOIs
StatePublished - 2012

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

  • General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology
  • General Agricultural and Biological Sciences

Keywords

  • Canine distemper virus
  • Enemy release
  • Parasite invasion
  • Sarcoptes scabiei
  • Sarcoptic mange
  • Wildlife reintroduction

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