Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants

Zhaoheng Ling; Mohamad Insan Nugraha; Wisnu Tantyo Hadmojo; Yuanbao Lin; Sang Young Jeong; Emre Yengel; Hendrik Faber; Hua Tang; Frédéric Laquai; Abdul Hamid Emwas; Xiaoming Chang; Temur Maksudov; Murali Gedda; Han Young Woo; Iain McCulloch; Martin Heeney; Leonidas Tsetseris; Thomas D. Anthopoulos

doi:10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants

Zhaoheng Ling, Mohamad Insan Nugraha, Wisnu Tantyo Hadmojo, Yuanbao Lin, Sang Young Jeong, Emre Yengel, Hendrik Faber, Hua Tang, Frédéric Laquai, Abdul Hamid Emwas, Xiaoming Chang, Temur Maksudov, Murali Gedda, Han Young Woo, Iain McCulloch, Martin Heeney, Leonidas Tsetseris, Thomas D. Anthopoulos

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

20 Scopus citations

Abstract

Molecular doping has become a valuable technique for enhancing the efficiency of high-performance organic photovoltaic systems (OPVs). However, the number of known dopant molecules, especially n-type ones, that enhance the PCE of OPVs remains limited. In this study, two n-type dopants, ethyl viologen (EV) and methyl viologen (MV), are synthesized and incorporated into ternary PM6:BTP-eC9:PC₇₁BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs. Both dopants are found to enhance the OPV performance, yielding maximum PCE values of 19.03% and 18.61%, respectively. We show that EV and MV function as n-type dopants and microstructure modifiers, enhancing π-π stacking while increasing the absorption coefficient of the BHJs. Moreover, the n-doping balances the carrier mobility while increasing the carrier lifetime and reducing bimolecular recombination. Our results demonstrate the potential of EV and MV to improve the performance of highly efficient OPVs to levels beyond those achievable by the pristine BHJ.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	4104-4112
Number of pages	9
Journal	ACS Energy Letters
Volume	8
Issue number	10
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254
State	Published - Oct 13 2023
Externally published	Yes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Chemistry (miscellaneous)
Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
Fuel Technology
Energy Engineering and Power Technology
Materials Chemistry

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10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

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Ling, Z., Nugraha, M. I., Hadmojo, W. T., Lin, Y., Jeong, S. Y., Yengel, E., Faber, H., Tang, H., Laquai, F., Emwas, A. H., Chang, X., Maksudov, T., Gedda, M., Woo, H. Y., McCulloch, I., Heeney, M., Tsetseris, L., & Anthopoulos, T. D. (2023). Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants. ACS Energy Letters, 8(10), 4104-4112. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

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title = "Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants",

abstract = "Molecular doping has become a valuable technique for enhancing the efficiency of high-performance organic photovoltaic systems (OPVs). However, the number of known dopant molecules, especially n-type ones, that enhance the PCE of OPVs remains limited. In this study, two n-type dopants, ethyl viologen (EV) and methyl viologen (MV), are synthesized and incorporated into ternary PM6:BTP-eC9:PC71BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs. Both dopants are found to enhance the OPV performance, yielding maximum PCE values of 19.03% and 18.61%, respectively. We show that EV and MV function as n-type dopants and microstructure modifiers, enhancing π-π stacking while increasing the absorption coefficient of the BHJs. Moreover, the n-doping balances the carrier mobility while increasing the carrier lifetime and reducing bimolecular recombination. Our results demonstrate the potential of EV and MV to improve the performance of highly efficient OPVs to levels beyond those achievable by the pristine BHJ.",

author = "Zhaoheng Ling and Nugraha, {Mohamad Insan} and Hadmojo, {Wisnu Tantyo} and Yuanbao Lin and Jeong, {Sang Young} and Emre Yengel and Hendrik Faber and Hua Tang and Fr{\'e}d{\'e}ric Laquai and Emwas, {Abdul Hamid} and Xiaoming Chang and Temur Maksudov and Murali Gedda and Woo, {Han Young} and Iain McCulloch and Martin Heeney and Leonidas Tsetseris and Anthopoulos, {Thomas D.}",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2023 American Chemical Society.",

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month = oct,

day = "13",

doi = "10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254",

language = "English (US)",

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Ling, Z, Nugraha, MI, Hadmojo, WT, Lin, Y, Jeong, SY, Yengel, E, Faber, H, Tang, H, Laquai, F, Emwas, AH, Chang, X, Maksudov, T, Gedda, M, Woo, HY, McCulloch, I, Heeney, M, Tsetseris, L & Anthopoulos, TD 2023, 'Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants', ACS Energy Letters, vol. 8, no. 10, pp. 4104-4112. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

TY - JOUR

T1 - Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants

AU - Ling, Zhaoheng

AU - Nugraha, Mohamad Insan

AU - Hadmojo, Wisnu Tantyo

AU - Lin, Yuanbao

AU - Jeong, Sang Young

AU - Yengel, Emre

AU - Faber, Hendrik

AU - Tang, Hua

AU - Laquai, Frédéric

AU - Emwas, Abdul Hamid

AU - Chang, Xiaoming

AU - Maksudov, Temur

AU - Gedda, Murali

AU - Woo, Han Young

AU - McCulloch, Iain

AU - Heeney, Martin

AU - Tsetseris, Leonidas

AU - Anthopoulos, Thomas D.

PY - 2023/10/13

Y1 - 2023/10/13

N2 - Molecular doping has become a valuable technique for enhancing the efficiency of high-performance organic photovoltaic systems (OPVs). However, the number of known dopant molecules, especially n-type ones, that enhance the PCE of OPVs remains limited. In this study, two n-type dopants, ethyl viologen (EV) and methyl viologen (MV), are synthesized and incorporated into ternary PM6:BTP-eC9:PC71BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs. Both dopants are found to enhance the OPV performance, yielding maximum PCE values of 19.03% and 18.61%, respectively. We show that EV and MV function as n-type dopants and microstructure modifiers, enhancing π-π stacking while increasing the absorption coefficient of the BHJs. Moreover, the n-doping balances the carrier mobility while increasing the carrier lifetime and reducing bimolecular recombination. Our results demonstrate the potential of EV and MV to improve the performance of highly efficient OPVs to levels beyond those achievable by the pristine BHJ.

AB - Molecular doping has become a valuable technique for enhancing the efficiency of high-performance organic photovoltaic systems (OPVs). However, the number of known dopant molecules, especially n-type ones, that enhance the PCE of OPVs remains limited. In this study, two n-type dopants, ethyl viologen (EV) and methyl viologen (MV), are synthesized and incorporated into ternary PM6:BTP-eC9:PC71BM bulk heterojunction (BHJ) OPVs. Both dopants are found to enhance the OPV performance, yielding maximum PCE values of 19.03% and 18.61%, respectively. We show that EV and MV function as n-type dopants and microstructure modifiers, enhancing π-π stacking while increasing the absorption coefficient of the BHJs. Moreover, the n-doping balances the carrier mobility while increasing the carrier lifetime and reducing bimolecular recombination. Our results demonstrate the potential of EV and MV to improve the performance of highly efficient OPVs to levels beyond those achievable by the pristine BHJ.

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U2 - 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

DO - 10.1021/acsenergylett.3c01254

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85173175823

SN - 2380-8195

VL - 8

SP - 4104

EP - 4112

JO - ACS Energy Letters

JF - ACS Energy Letters

IS - 10

ER -

Over 19% Efficiency in Ternary Organic Solar Cells Enabled by n-Type Dopants

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