Optimal dynamic discrimination of similara quantum systems in the presence of decoherence

Optimal dynamic discrimination (ODD) of a mixture of similar quantum systems with time series signals enables the extraction of the associated concentrations with reasonable levels of laser-pulse noise, signal detection errors, and imperfect signal detector resolution [Li, J. Chem. Phys. 122, 154103 (2005)]. The ODD paradigm is reexpressed in the density-matrix formulation to allow for the consideration of environmental decoherence on the quality of the extracted concentrations, along with the above listed factors. Simulations show that although starting in a thermally mixed state along with decoherence can be detrimental to discrimination, these effects can be counteracted by seeking a suitable optimal control pulse. Additional sampling of the temporal data also aids in extracting more information to better implement ODD.