Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe

R. A. Leske; E. R. Christian; C. M.S. Cohen; A. C. Cummings; A. J. Davis; M. I. Desai; J. Giacalone; M. E. Hill; C. J. Joyce; S. M. Krimigis; A. W. Labrador; O. Malandraki; W. H. Matthaeus; D. J. McComas; R. L. McNutt; R. A. Mewaldt; D. G. Mitchell; A. Posner; J. S. Rankin; E. C. Roelof; N. A. Schwadron; E. C. Stone; J. R. Szalay; M. E. Wiedenbeck; A. Vourlidas; S. D. Bale; R. J. MacDowall; M. Pulupa; J. C. Kasper; R. C. Allen; A. W. Case; K. E. Korreck; R. Livi; M. L. Stevens; P. Whittlesey; B. Poduval

doi:10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe

R. A. Leske, E. R. Christian, C. M.S. Cohen, A. C. Cummings, A. J. Davis, M. I. Desai, J. Giacalone, M. E. Hill, C. J. Joyce, S. M. Krimigis, A. W. Labrador, O. Malandraki, W. H. Matthaeus, D. J. McComas, R. L. McNutt, R. A. Mewaldt, D. G. Mitchell, A. Posner, J. S. Rankin, E. C. RoelofN. A. Schwadron, E. C. Stone, J. R. Szalay, M. E. Wiedenbeck, A. Vourlidas, S. D. Bale, R. J. MacDowall, M. Pulupa, J. C. Kasper, R. C. Allen, A. W. Case, K. E. Korreck, R. Livi, M. L. Stevens, P. Whittlesey, B. Poduval

Astrophysical Sciences

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Abstract

A solar energetic particle event was detected by the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) on 2019 April 4 when the spacecraft was inside of 0.17 au and less than 1 day before its second perihelion, providing an opportunity to study solar particle acceleration and transport unprecedentedly close to the source. The event was very small, with peak 1 MeV proton intensities of ∼0.3 particles (cm² sr s MeV)^-1, and was undetectable above background levels at energies above 10 MeV or in particle detectors at 1 au. It was strongly anisotropic, with intensities flowing outward from the Sun up to 30 times greater than those flowing inward persisting throughout the event. Temporal association between particle increases and small brightness surges in the extreme-ultraviolet observed by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory, which were also accompanied by type III radio emission seen by the Electromagnetic Fields Investigation on PSP, indicates that the source of this event was an active region nearly 80 east of the nominal PSP magnetic footpoint. This suggests that the field lines expanded over a wide longitudinal range between the active region in the photosphere and the corona.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	35
Journal	Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series
Volume	246
Issue number	2
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712
State	Published - Feb 2020

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

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10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

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Leske, R. A., Christian, E. R., Cohen, C. M. S., Cummings, A. C., Davis, A. J., Desai, M. I., Giacalone, J., Hill, M. E., Joyce, C. J., Krimigis, S. M., Labrador, A. W., Malandraki, O., Matthaeus, W. H., McComas, D. J., McNutt, R. L., Mewaldt, R. A., Mitchell, D. G., Posner, A., Rankin, J. S., ... Poduval, B. (2020). Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe. Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, 246(2), Article 35. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

@article{13906fbb865e4feea1be2930c844213b,

title = "Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe",

abstract = "A solar energetic particle event was detected by the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) on 2019 April 4 when the spacecraft was inside of 0.17 au and less than 1 day before its second perihelion, providing an opportunity to study solar particle acceleration and transport unprecedentedly close to the source. The event was very small, with peak 1 MeV proton intensities of ∼0.3 particles (cm2 sr s MeV)-1, and was undetectable above background levels at energies above 10 MeV or in particle detectors at 1 au. It was strongly anisotropic, with intensities flowing outward from the Sun up to 30 times greater than those flowing inward persisting throughout the event. Temporal association between particle increases and small brightness surges in the extreme-ultraviolet observed by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory, which were also accompanied by type III radio emission seen by the Electromagnetic Fields Investigation on PSP, indicates that the source of this event was an active region nearly 80 east of the nominal PSP magnetic footpoint. This suggests that the field lines expanded over a wide longitudinal range between the active region in the photosphere and the corona.",

author = "Leske, {R. A.} and Christian, {E. R.} and Cohen, {C. M.S.} and Cummings, {A. C.} and Davis, {A. J.} and Desai, {M. I.} and J. Giacalone and Hill, {M. E.} and Joyce, {C. J.} and Krimigis, {S. M.} and Labrador, {A. W.} and O. Malandraki and Matthaeus, {W. H.} and McComas, {D. J.} and McNutt, {R. L.} and Mewaldt, {R. A.} and Mitchell, {D. G.} and A. Posner and Rankin, {J. S.} and Roelof, {E. C.} and Schwadron, {N. A.} and Stone, {E. C.} and Szalay, {J. R.} and Wiedenbeck, {M. E.} and A. Vourlidas and Bale, {S. D.} and MacDowall, {R. J.} and M. Pulupa and Kasper, {J. C.} and Allen, {R. C.} and Case, {A. W.} and Korreck, {K. E.} and R. Livi and Stevens, {M. L.} and P. Whittlesey and B. Poduval",

year = "2020",

month = feb,

doi = "10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "246",

journal = "Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series",

issn = "0067-0049",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "2",

}

Leske, RA, Christian, ER, Cohen, CMS, Cummings, AC, Davis, AJ, Desai, MI, Giacalone, J, Hill, ME, Joyce, CJ, Krimigis, SM, Labrador, AW, Malandraki, O, Matthaeus, WH, McComas, DJ, McNutt, RL, Mewaldt, RA, Mitchell, DG, Posner, A, Rankin, JS, Roelof, EC, Schwadron, NA, Stone, EC, Szalay, JR, Wiedenbeck, ME, Vourlidas, A, Bale, SD, MacDowall, RJ, Pulupa, M, Kasper, JC, Allen, RC, Case, AW, Korreck, KE, Livi, R, Stevens, ML, Whittlesey, P & Poduval, B 2020, 'Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe', Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series, vol. 246, no. 2, 35. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

TY - JOUR

T1 - Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe

AU - Leske, R. A.

AU - Christian, E. R.

AU - Cohen, C. M.S.

AU - Cummings, A. C.

AU - Davis, A. J.

AU - Desai, M. I.

AU - Giacalone, J.

AU - Hill, M. E.

AU - Joyce, C. J.

AU - Krimigis, S. M.

AU - Labrador, A. W.

AU - Malandraki, O.

AU - Matthaeus, W. H.

AU - McComas, D. J.

AU - McNutt, R. L.

AU - Mewaldt, R. A.

AU - Mitchell, D. G.

AU - Posner, A.

AU - Rankin, J. S.

AU - Roelof, E. C.

AU - Schwadron, N. A.

AU - Stone, E. C.

AU - Szalay, J. R.

AU - Wiedenbeck, M. E.

AU - Vourlidas, A.

AU - Bale, S. D.

AU - MacDowall, R. J.

AU - Pulupa, M.

AU - Kasper, J. C.

AU - Allen, R. C.

AU - Case, A. W.

AU - Korreck, K. E.

AU - Livi, R.

AU - Stevens, M. L.

AU - Whittlesey, P.

AU - Poduval, B.

PY - 2020/2

Y1 - 2020/2

N2 - A solar energetic particle event was detected by the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) on 2019 April 4 when the spacecraft was inside of 0.17 au and less than 1 day before its second perihelion, providing an opportunity to study solar particle acceleration and transport unprecedentedly close to the source. The event was very small, with peak 1 MeV proton intensities of ∼0.3 particles (cm2 sr s MeV)-1, and was undetectable above background levels at energies above 10 MeV or in particle detectors at 1 au. It was strongly anisotropic, with intensities flowing outward from the Sun up to 30 times greater than those flowing inward persisting throughout the event. Temporal association between particle increases and small brightness surges in the extreme-ultraviolet observed by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory, which were also accompanied by type III radio emission seen by the Electromagnetic Fields Investigation on PSP, indicates that the source of this event was an active region nearly 80 east of the nominal PSP magnetic footpoint. This suggests that the field lines expanded over a wide longitudinal range between the active region in the photosphere and the corona.

AB - A solar energetic particle event was detected by the Integrated Science Investigation of the Sun (ISo&dot;IS) instrument suite on Parker Solar Probe (PSP) on 2019 April 4 when the spacecraft was inside of 0.17 au and less than 1 day before its second perihelion, providing an opportunity to study solar particle acceleration and transport unprecedentedly close to the source. The event was very small, with peak 1 MeV proton intensities of ∼0.3 particles (cm2 sr s MeV)-1, and was undetectable above background levels at energies above 10 MeV or in particle detectors at 1 au. It was strongly anisotropic, with intensities flowing outward from the Sun up to 30 times greater than those flowing inward persisting throughout the event. Temporal association between particle increases and small brightness surges in the extreme-ultraviolet observed by the Solar TErrestrial RElations Observatory, which were also accompanied by type III radio emission seen by the Electromagnetic Fields Investigation on PSP, indicates that the source of this event was an active region nearly 80 east of the nominal PSP magnetic footpoint. This suggests that the field lines expanded over a wide longitudinal range between the active region in the photosphere and the corona.

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85087341166&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85087341166&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

DO - 10.3847/1538-4365/ab5712

M3 - Review article

AN - SCOPUS:85087341166

SN - 0067-0049

VL - 246

JO - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

JF - Astrophysical Journal, Supplement Series

IS - 2

M1 - 35

ER -

Observations of the 2019 April 4 Solar Energetic Particle Event at the Parker Solar Probe

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