Novel soft x-ray multi-energy camera to study thermal plasmas on WEST

the WEST Team

doi:10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6

Novel soft x-ray multi-energy camera to study thermal plasmas on WEST

the WEST Team

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A multi-energy soft x-ray (SXR) pinhole camera has been built, calibrated and deployed on the WEST tokamak to aid the study of thermal plasmas. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a 2D pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. This innovation allows the simultaneous measurement of x-rays with space, time and energy resolution. Measurements at lower energy (2-6 keV) dominated by tungsten line emission are used to estimate the tungsten concentration and the plasma ΔZ_eff. Measurements at higher energy (11-18 keV), where only continuum emission is present, are employed to infer the plasma electron temperature. Other applications of this powerful diagnostic include the determination of the plasma SXR centroid vertical position, characterization of tungsten UFOs and various real-time measurements.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	045022
Journal	Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion
Volume	68
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6
State	Published - Apr 1 2026

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Nuclear Energy and Engineering
Condensed Matter Physics

Keywords

electron temperature
soft x-ray
tungsten density

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10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6

Cite this

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title = "Novel soft x-ray multi-energy camera to study thermal plasmas on WEST",

abstract = "A multi-energy soft x-ray (SXR) pinhole camera has been built, calibrated and deployed on the WEST tokamak to aid the study of thermal plasmas. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a 2D pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. This innovation allows the simultaneous measurement of x-rays with space, time and energy resolution. Measurements at lower energy (2-6 keV) dominated by tungsten line emission are used to estimate the tungsten concentration and the plasma ΔZeff. Measurements at higher energy (11-18 keV), where only continuum emission is present, are employed to infer the plasma electron temperature. Other applications of this powerful diagnostic include the determination of the plasma SXR centroid vertical position, characterization of tungsten UFOs and various real-time measurements.",

keywords = "electron temperature, soft x-ray, tungsten density",

author = "\{the WEST Team\} and T. Barbui and O. Chellai and Delgado-Aparicio, \{L. F.\} and R. Dumont and B. Garcia and Hill, \{K. W.\} and S. Mazzi and Pablant, \{N. A.\} and Stratton, \{Brentley C.\} and D. Vezinet",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2026 The Author(s). Published by IOP Publishing Ltd.",

year = "2026",

month = apr,

day = "1",

doi = "10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "68",

journal = "Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion",

issn = "0741-3335",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

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T1 - Novel soft x-ray multi-energy camera to study thermal plasmas on WEST

AU - the WEST Team

AU - Barbui, T.

AU - Chellai, O.

AU - Delgado-Aparicio, L. F.

AU - Dumont, R.

AU - Garcia, B.

AU - Hill, K. W.

AU - Mazzi, S.

AU - Pablant, N. A.

AU - Stratton, Brentley C.

AU - Vezinet, D.

PY - 2026/4/1

Y1 - 2026/4/1

N2 - A multi-energy soft x-ray (SXR) pinhole camera has been built, calibrated and deployed on the WEST tokamak to aid the study of thermal plasmas. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a 2D pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. This innovation allows the simultaneous measurement of x-rays with space, time and energy resolution. Measurements at lower energy (2-6 keV) dominated by tungsten line emission are used to estimate the tungsten concentration and the plasma ΔZeff. Measurements at higher energy (11-18 keV), where only continuum emission is present, are employed to infer the plasma electron temperature. Other applications of this powerful diagnostic include the determination of the plasma SXR centroid vertical position, characterization of tungsten UFOs and various real-time measurements.

AB - A multi-energy soft x-ray (SXR) pinhole camera has been built, calibrated and deployed on the WEST tokamak to aid the study of thermal plasmas. This novel imaging diagnostic technique employs a 2D pixelated x-ray detector in which the lower energy threshold for photon detection can be adjusted independently on each pixel. This innovation allows the simultaneous measurement of x-rays with space, time and energy resolution. Measurements at lower energy (2-6 keV) dominated by tungsten line emission are used to estimate the tungsten concentration and the plasma ΔZeff. Measurements at higher energy (11-18 keV), where only continuum emission is present, are employed to infer the plasma electron temperature. Other applications of this powerful diagnostic include the determination of the plasma SXR centroid vertical position, characterization of tungsten UFOs and various real-time measurements.

KW - electron temperature

KW - soft x-ray

KW - tungsten density

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105035722915

UR - https://www.scopus.com/pages/publications/105035722915#tab=citedBy

U2 - 10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6

DO - 10.1088/1361-6587/ae5ad6

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:105035722915

SN - 0741-3335

VL - 68

JO - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

JF - Plasma Physics and Controlled Fusion

IS - 4

M1 - 045022

ER -

Novel soft x-ray multi-energy camera to study thermal plasmas on WEST

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Keywords

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