@article{3894929c117d4e5b92a88b018be46946,
title = "Neuronal coding of motivational level during sleep",
abstract = "Stable increases or decreases in the discharge rate of single neurons were recorded from the ventral diencephalon and midbrain during sleep following manipulation of the hunger level of freely moving cats. These changes were larger during paradoxical than during slow wave sleep. Control data indicated that in the absence of any external manipulation neuronal activity is stable from one sleep session to another.",
keywords = "Cats, Extracellular units, Hunger, Hypothalamus, Midbrain, Sleep",
author = "Jacobs, {Barry L.} and Harper, {Ronald M.} and McGinty, {Dennis J.}",
note = "Funding Information: Bundles of 13 microelectrodes were stereotaxically implanted in the lateral and medial hypothalamus, midbrain ventral tegmentum and midbrain reticular formation in four cats, and in the preoptic area and reticular formation in a fifth cat using a technique similar to that of O'Keefe and Bouma \[13\]. Formvar coated 63 ~ dia. nichrome V wires (Driver-Harris, Harrison, N. J.) were presoldered to a female cable connector, formed into a bundle, stuck together and stiffened with either a water-soluble wax (Carbowax-Union Carbide Corp.) or a saturated sucrose solution, and cut off bluntly at equal lengths with scissors. Histological verification of the microelectrode placements was aided by the use of a Nissl technique for staining cell bodies and the Prussian Blue reaction to mark the electrode tips (a 20 sec 20 ~A d.c. current was passed through one or more of the electrodes in each location and a 5 per cent potassium ferrocyanide solution was perfused through the brain). Skull screws were used to 1Supported by U.S.P.H.S. grant (MH-10083), and by the U.S. Veterans Administration. Bibliographic assistance was received from the UCLA Brain Information Service. ~qSF predoctoral trainee. sSupported by a postdoctoral fellowship from the Canadian Medical Research Council. ~The authors wish to thank Drs. M. Chase, E. Holman, D. Novin and M. B. Sterman for their assistance m the preparation of this paper.",
year = "1970",
month = oct,
doi = "10.1016/0031-9384(70)90202-7",
language = "English (US)",
volume = "5",
pages = "1139--1143",
journal = "Physiology and Behavior",
issn = "0031-9384",
publisher = "Elsevier Inc.",
number = "10",
}