TY - JOUR
T1 - Neurocognitive therapeutics
T2 - From concept to application in the treatment of negative attention bias
AU - Schnyer, David M.
AU - Beevers, Christopher G.
AU - deBettencourt, Megan T.
AU - Sherman, Stephanie M.
AU - Cohen, Jonathan D.
AU - Norman, Kenneth A.
AU - Turk-Browne, Nicholas B.
N1 - Funding Information:
The authors thank Seth Disner, Robert Chapman, and Emily Viehman at The University of Texas at Austin for their help with participant recruitment and data collection. We would also like to thank Ray Lee, Princeton University, and Jeff Luci, UT Austin, for their technical assistance. Preparation of this article was supported by the National Institute of Health award numbers R21 MH092430 to CGB and R01EY021755 to NBB, US National Science Foundation (NSF) grant BCS1229597 to NBB, NSF fellowship DGE1148900 to MTD, and the John Templeton Foundation. The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of these funding agencies. The authors report no financial interests or potential conflicts of interest.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2015 Schnyer et al.
PY - 2015
Y1 - 2015
N2 - There is growing interest in the use of neuroimaging for the direct treatment of mental illness. Here, we present a new framework for such treatment, neurocognitive therapeutics. What distinguishes neurocognitive therapeutics from prior approaches is the use of precise brain-decoding techniques within a real-time feedback system, in order to adapt treatment online and tailor feedback to individuals' needs. We report an initial feasibility study that uses this framework to alter negative attention bias in a small number of patients experiencing significant mood symptoms. The results are consistent with the promise of neurocognitive therapeutics to improve mood symptoms and alter brain networks mediating attentional control. Future work should focus on optimizing the approach, validating its effectiveness, and expanding the scope of targeted disorders.
AB - There is growing interest in the use of neuroimaging for the direct treatment of mental illness. Here, we present a new framework for such treatment, neurocognitive therapeutics. What distinguishes neurocognitive therapeutics from prior approaches is the use of precise brain-decoding techniques within a real-time feedback system, in order to adapt treatment online and tailor feedback to individuals' needs. We report an initial feasibility study that uses this framework to alter negative attention bias in a small number of patients experiencing significant mood symptoms. The results are consistent with the promise of neurocognitive therapeutics to improve mood symptoms and alter brain networks mediating attentional control. Future work should focus on optimizing the approach, validating its effectiveness, and expanding the scope of targeted disorders.
KW - Attention bias
KW - Mood disorders
KW - Multivoxel pattern analysis (MVPA)
KW - Real-time neurofeedback
KW - fMRI
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U2 - 10.1186/s13587-015-0016-y
DO - 10.1186/s13587-015-0016-y
M3 - Article
C2 - 25905002
AN - SCOPUS:84989293898
SN - 2045-5380
VL - 5
JO - Biology of Mood and Anxiety Disorders
JF - Biology of Mood and Anxiety Disorders
IS - 1
M1 - 1
ER -