TY - JOUR
T1 - Negative and ambisense RNA virus ribonucleocapsids
T2 - more than protective armor
AU - Sabsay, Kimberly R.
AU - te Velthuis, Aartjan J.W.
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
Copyright © 2023 American Society for Microbiology. All Rights Reserved.
PY - 2023/12
Y1 - 2023/12
N2 - Negative and ambisense RNA viruses are the causative agents of important human diseases such as influenza, measles, Lassa fever, and Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The viral genome of these RNA viruses consists of one or more single-stranded RNA molecules that are encapsidated by viral nucleocapsid proteins to form a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP). This RNP acts as protection, as a scaffold for RNA folding, and as the context for viral replication and transcription by a viral RNA polymerase. However, the roles of the viral nucleoproteins extend beyond these functions during the viral infection cycle. Recent advances in structural biology techniques and analysis methods have provided new insights into the formation, function, dynamics, and evolution of negative sense virus nucleocapsid proteins, as well as the role that they play in host innate immune responses against viral infection. In this review, we discuss the various roles of nucleocapsid proteins, both in the context of RNPs and in RNA-free states, as well as the open questions that remain.
AB - Negative and ambisense RNA viruses are the causative agents of important human diseases such as influenza, measles, Lassa fever, and Ebola hemorrhagic fever. The viral genome of these RNA viruses consists of one or more single-stranded RNA molecules that are encapsidated by viral nucleocapsid proteins to form a ribonucleoprotein complex (RNP). This RNP acts as protection, as a scaffold for RNA folding, and as the context for viral replication and transcription by a viral RNA polymerase. However, the roles of the viral nucleoproteins extend beyond these functions during the viral infection cycle. Recent advances in structural biology techniques and analysis methods have provided new insights into the formation, function, dynamics, and evolution of negative sense virus nucleocapsid proteins, as well as the role that they play in host innate immune responses against viral infection. In this review, we discuss the various roles of nucleocapsid proteins, both in the context of RNPs and in RNA-free states, as well as the open questions that remain.
KW - NP
KW - RNA polymerase
KW - RNA structure
KW - RNP
KW - RdRp
KW - ambisense virus
KW - influenza A virus
KW - innate immune
KW - negative sense RNA virus
KW - nucleoprotein
KW - t-loop
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U2 - 10.1128/mmbr.00082-23
DO - 10.1128/mmbr.00082-23
M3 - Review article
C2 - 37750733
AN - SCOPUS:85180298904
SN - 1092-2172
VL - 87
JO - Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
JF - Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews
IS - 4
M1 - 00082-23
ER -