TY - JOUR
T1 - Near-Optimal Modulo-and-Forward Scheme for the Untrusted Relay Channel
AU - Zhang, Shengli
AU - Fan, Lisheng
AU - Peng, Mugen
AU - Poor, H. Vincent
N1 - Funding Information:
This work was supported in part by the U.S. National Science Foundation under Grant CMMI-1435778, in part by the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) under Grant 2013CB336700 and Grant 2013CB336600, in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 61372129, Grant 61361166005, and Grant 61372078, in part by the Guangdong Natural Science Funds for Distinguished Young Scholar under Grant 2014A030306027, and in part by the Open Research Fund of State Key Laboratory of Integrated Services Networks under Grant ISN17-05.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2016 IEEE.
PY - 2016/5
Y1 - 2016/5
N2 - This paper studies an untrusted relay channel, in which the destination sends artificial noise simultaneously with the source sending a message to the relay, in order to protect the source's confidential message. The traditional amplify-and-forward (AF) scheme shows poor performance in this situation because of the interference power dilemma. Providing better security by using stronger artificial noise will consume more power of the relay, impairing the confidential message's transmission. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a modulo-and-forward (MF) operation at the relay with nested lattice encoding at the source. For the proposed MF scheme with full channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), theoretical analysis shows that the MF scheme approaches the secrecy capacity within 1/2 bit for all channel realizations, and, hence, achieves full generalized security degrees of freedom (G-SDoF). In contrast, the AF scheme can only achieve a small fraction of the G-SDoF. For the MF scheme without CSIT, the total outage event, defined as either connection outage or secrecy outage, is introduced. Based on this total outage definition, analysis shows that the proposed MF scheme achieves the full generalized secure diversity gain (G-SDG) of order one. On the other hand, the AF scheme can achieve a G-SDG of only 1/2 at most.
AB - This paper studies an untrusted relay channel, in which the destination sends artificial noise simultaneously with the source sending a message to the relay, in order to protect the source's confidential message. The traditional amplify-and-forward (AF) scheme shows poor performance in this situation because of the interference power dilemma. Providing better security by using stronger artificial noise will consume more power of the relay, impairing the confidential message's transmission. To solve this problem, this paper proposes a modulo-and-forward (MF) operation at the relay with nested lattice encoding at the source. For the proposed MF scheme with full channel state information at the transmitter (CSIT), theoretical analysis shows that the MF scheme approaches the secrecy capacity within 1/2 bit for all channel realizations, and, hence, achieves full generalized security degrees of freedom (G-SDoF). In contrast, the AF scheme can only achieve a small fraction of the G-SDoF. For the MF scheme without CSIT, the total outage event, defined as either connection outage or secrecy outage, is introduced. Based on this total outage definition, analysis shows that the proposed MF scheme achieves the full generalized secure diversity gain (G-SDG) of order one. On the other hand, the AF scheme can achieve a G-SDG of only 1/2 at most.
KW - Untrusted relay
KW - lattice codes
KW - modulo-andforward
KW - physical layer security
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U2 - 10.1109/TIT.2016.2530080
DO - 10.1109/TIT.2016.2530080
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84968919997
VL - 62
SP - 2545
EP - 2556
JO - IRE Professional Group on Information Theory
JF - IRE Professional Group on Information Theory
SN - 0018-9448
IS - 5
M1 - 7407416
ER -