Abstract
From Shanon's theory, we know that information capacity is a logarithmic function of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) but a linear function of the number of dimensions. By increasing the number of dimensions D, we can dramatically improve the spectral efficiency. At the same time, in D-dimensional space (D>2), for the same average symbol energy, we can increase the Euclidean distance between signal constellation points compared with the conventional in-phase (I)/quadrature (Q) 2-D signal space. The 4-D space, with two phase coordinates per polarization, has already been intensively studied. To satisfy the ever-increasing bandwidth demands, in this paper, we propose the D-dimensional signaling (Df>4) by employing all available degrees of freedom for transmission over a single carrier including amplitude, phase, polarization, and orbital angular momentum (OAM). The proposed modulation scheme can be called hybrid $D$-dimensional modulation as it employs all available degrees of freedom. The proposed hybrid 8-D coded-modulation scheme outperforms its 4-D counterpart by 3.97 dB at a bit error rate (BER) of 10 -8 while outperforming its corresponding polarization-division- multiplexed (PDM) iterative polar quantization (IPQ)-based counterpart by even a larger margin of 6.41 dB (at the same BER). The improvement of the proposed scheme for two amplitude levels per dimension and D = 8 over conventional PDM 64-quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) is indeed a striking 8.28 dB at a BER of 2× 10-8.
Original language | English (US) |
---|---|
Article number | 6059467 |
Pages (from-to) | 1030-1038 |
Number of pages | 9 |
Journal | IEEE Photonics Journal |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 6 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - 2011 |
Externally published | Yes |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Atomic and Molecular Physics, and Optics
- Electrical and Electronic Engineering
Keywords
- coded-modulation
- hybrid modulations
- low-density parity-check (LDPC) codes
- Multimode fibers (MMFs)