TY - JOUR
T1 - Methodology and challenges of fire following earthquake analysis
T2 - an urban community study considering water and transportation networks
AU - Coar, Maxwell
AU - Sarreshtehdari, Amir
AU - Garlock, Maria
AU - Elhami Khorasani, Negar
N1 - Funding Information:
This Seattle FFE project is a collaboration between Princeton University (PU) and the University at Buffalo (UB). The authors are grateful for the discussions and information provided by the University of Washington (UW), the Seattle Fire Department (SFD), Seattle Public Utilities (SPU), Seattle Department of Construction and Inspections (SDCI), and the Seattle Office of Emergency Management (SOME).
Funding Information:
Funding sources for this project included the Princeton Environmental Institute and the Princeton Project X fund. Also, the US Geological Survey Grant No. G19AP00055 provided funding support to the University at Buffalo. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of Princeton University or the US Geological Survey. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the US Geological Survey.
Publisher Copyright:
© 2021, The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Springer Nature B.V.
PY - 2021/10
Y1 - 2021/10
N2 - The Pacific Northwest faces the looming threat of a massive 9.0 earthquake coming from the Cascadia Subduction Zone of the Juan de Fuca plate off the coast of Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. City officials, emergency managers, and researchers are preparing for this event by examining not only the earthquake itself, but also the cascading hazards that will follow it, such as fire and tsunami. Additionally, they must measure the effects of these hazards not just on the infrastructure systems they affect (e.g., water, power, transportation, communication, emergency services, etc.) but also how each system is affected by the failure of one or more of the others, or its “dependency.” The following paper discusses the effects of two cascading hazards—earthquake and fire—and the vulnerability of three infrastructure systems—building stock, water, and transportation—with a special focus on the needs of firefighters and other emergency services in the 12 h following a major seismic event. It then frames these methodologies in the context of a fine-grain case study of Seattle downtown and identifies three critical zones where mitigation measures would provide the most benefit. The discussion includes challenges in approaching such studies—the largest being available data, the uncertainties in making these evaluations, and general best practices for increased resilience in urban communities similar to the case study.
AB - The Pacific Northwest faces the looming threat of a massive 9.0 earthquake coming from the Cascadia Subduction Zone of the Juan de Fuca plate off the coast of Northern California, Oregon, Washington, and British Columbia. City officials, emergency managers, and researchers are preparing for this event by examining not only the earthquake itself, but also the cascading hazards that will follow it, such as fire and tsunami. Additionally, they must measure the effects of these hazards not just on the infrastructure systems they affect (e.g., water, power, transportation, communication, emergency services, etc.) but also how each system is affected by the failure of one or more of the others, or its “dependency.” The following paper discusses the effects of two cascading hazards—earthquake and fire—and the vulnerability of three infrastructure systems—building stock, water, and transportation—with a special focus on the needs of firefighters and other emergency services in the 12 h following a major seismic event. It then frames these methodologies in the context of a fine-grain case study of Seattle downtown and identifies three critical zones where mitigation measures would provide the most benefit. The discussion includes challenges in approaching such studies—the largest being available data, the uncertainties in making these evaluations, and general best practices for increased resilience in urban communities similar to the case study.
KW - Cascading hazards
KW - Fire following earthquake
KW - Resilience
KW - Seismic
KW - Transportation network
KW - Water distribution network
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UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85112752725&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1007/s11069-021-04795-6
DO - 10.1007/s11069-021-04795-6
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85112752725
SN - 0921-030X
VL - 109
JO - Natural Hazards
JF - Natural Hazards
IS - 1
ER -