TY - JOUR
T1 - Low-latency millimeter-wave communications
T2 - Traffic dispersion or network densification?
AU - Yang, Guang
AU - Xiao, Ming
AU - Poor, H. Vincent
N1 - Funding Information:
Manuscript received August 2, 2017; revised November 15, 2017 and January 29, 2018; accepted March 12, 2018. Date of publication March 19, 2018; date of current version August 14, 2018. This work was supported in part by the EU Marie Curie Project, QUICK, No. 612652, in part by the Wireless@KTH Seed Project “Millimeter Wave for Ultra-Reliable Low-Latency Communications,” and the in part by U.S. National Science Foundation under Grants CNS-1702808 and ECCS-1647198. The associate editor coordinating the review of this paper and approving it for publication was V. Wong. (Corresponding author: Ming Xiao.) G. Yang and M. Xiao are with the Department of Information Science and Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, 11428 Stockholm, Sweden (e-mail: gy@kth.se; mingx@kth.se).
PY - 2018/8
Y1 - 2018/8
N2 - Low latency is critical for many applications in wireless communications, e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle, multimedia, and industrial control networks. Meanwhile, for the capability of providing multi-gigabits per second rates, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication has attracted substantial research interest recently. This paper investigates two strategies to reduce the communication delay in future wireless networks: traffic dispersion and network densification. A hybrid scheme that combines these two strategies is also considered. The probabilistic delay and effective capacity are used to evaluate performance. For probabilistic delay, the violation probability of delay, i.e., the probability that the delay exceeds a given tolerance level, is characterized in terms of upper bounds, which are derived by applying stochastic network calculus theory. In addition, to characterize the maximum affordable arrival traffic for mm-wave systems, the effective capacity, i.e., the service capability with a given quality-of-service requirement, is studied. The derived bounds on the probabilistic delay and effective capacity are validated through simulations. These numerical results show that, for a given sum power budget, traffic dispersion, network densification, and the hybrid scheme exhibit different potentials to reduce the end-to-end communication delay. For instance, traffic dispersion outperforms network densification when high sum power budget and arrival rate are given, while it could be the worst option, otherwise. Furthermore, it is revealed that, increasing the number of independent paths and/or relay density is always beneficial, while the performance gain is related to the arrival rate and sum power, jointly. Therefore, a proper transmission scheme should be selected to optimize the delay performance, according to the given conditions on arrival traffic and system service capability.
AB - Low latency is critical for many applications in wireless communications, e.g., vehicle-to-vehicle, multimedia, and industrial control networks. Meanwhile, for the capability of providing multi-gigabits per second rates, millimeter-wave (mm-wave) communication has attracted substantial research interest recently. This paper investigates two strategies to reduce the communication delay in future wireless networks: traffic dispersion and network densification. A hybrid scheme that combines these two strategies is also considered. The probabilistic delay and effective capacity are used to evaluate performance. For probabilistic delay, the violation probability of delay, i.e., the probability that the delay exceeds a given tolerance level, is characterized in terms of upper bounds, which are derived by applying stochastic network calculus theory. In addition, to characterize the maximum affordable arrival traffic for mm-wave systems, the effective capacity, i.e., the service capability with a given quality-of-service requirement, is studied. The derived bounds on the probabilistic delay and effective capacity are validated through simulations. These numerical results show that, for a given sum power budget, traffic dispersion, network densification, and the hybrid scheme exhibit different potentials to reduce the end-to-end communication delay. For instance, traffic dispersion outperforms network densification when high sum power budget and arrival rate are given, while it could be the worst option, otherwise. Furthermore, it is revealed that, increasing the number of independent paths and/or relay density is always beneficial, while the performance gain is related to the arrival rate and sum power, jointly. Therefore, a proper transmission scheme should be selected to optimize the delay performance, according to the given conditions on arrival traffic and system service capability.
KW - Millimeter-wave
KW - delay
KW - network densification
KW - traffic dispersion
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U2 - 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2817199
DO - 10.1109/TCOMM.2018.2817199
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:85044019202
VL - 66
SP - 3526
EP - 3539
JO - IEEE Transactions on Communications
JF - IEEE Transactions on Communications
SN - 1558-0857
IS - 8
M1 - 8319949
ER -