K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf

A. M.S. Smith; J. Cabrera; Sz Csizmadia; F. Dai; D. Gandolfi; T. Hirano; J. N. Winn; S. Albrecht; R. Alonso; G. Antoniciello; O. Barragán; H. Deeg; Ph Eigmüller; M. Endl; A. Erikson; M. Fridlund; A. Fukui; S. Grziwa; E. W. Guenther; A. P. Hatzes; D. Hidalgo; A. W. Howard; H. Isaacson; J. Korth; M. Kuzuhara; J. Livingston; N. Narita; D. Nespral; G. Nowak; E. Palle; M. Pätzold; C. M. Persson; E. Petigura; J. Prieto-Arranz; H. Rauer; I. Ribas; V. Van Eylen

doi:10.1093/mnras/stx2891

K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf

A. M.S. Smith, J. Cabrera, Sz Csizmadia, F. Dai, D. Gandolfi, T. Hirano, J. N. Winn, S. Albrecht, R. Alonso, G. Antoniciello, O. Barragán, H. Deeg, Ph Eigmüller, M. Endl, A. Erikson, M. Fridlund, A. Fukui, S. Grziwa, E. W. Guenther, A. P. HatzesD. Hidalgo, A. W. Howard, H. Isaacson, J. Korth, M. Kuzuhara, J. Livingston, N. Narita, D. Nespral, G. Nowak, E. Palle, M. Pätzold, C. M. Persson, E. Petigura, J. Prieto-Arranz, H. Rauer, I. Ribas, V. Van Eylen

Astrophysical Sciences

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38 Scopus citations

Abstract

We report the discovery in K2's Campaign 10 of a transiting terrestrial planet in an ultrashort- period orbit around an M3-dwarf. K2-137 b completes an orbit in only 4.3 h, the second shortest orbital period of any known planet, just 4 min longer than that of KOI 1843.03, which also orbits an M-dwarf. Using a combination of archival images, adaptive optics imaging, radial velocity measurements, and light-curve modelling, we show that no plausible eclipsing binary scenario can explain the K2 light curve, and thus confirm the planetary nature of the system. The planet, whose radius we determine to be 0.89 ± 0.09 R_⊕, and which must have an iron mass fraction greater than 0.45, orbits a star of mass 0.463 ± 0.052 M_⊙ and radius 0.442 ± 0.044 R_⊙.

Original language	English (US)
Pages (from-to)	5523-5533
Number of pages	11
Journal	Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
Volume	474
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2891
State	Published - Mar 1 2018

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Astronomy and Astrophysics
Space and Planetary Science

Keywords

Planets and satellites: detection
Planets and satellites: individual: K2-137 b

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10.1093/mnras/stx2891

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Smith, A. M. S., Cabrera, J., Csizmadia, S., Dai, F., Gandolfi, D., Hirano, T., Winn, J. N., Albrecht, S., Alonso, R., Antoniciello, G., Barragán, O., Deeg, H., Eigmüller, P., Endl, M., Erikson, A., Fridlund, M., Fukui, A., Grziwa, S., Guenther, E. W., ... Van Eylen, V. (2018). K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, 474(4), 5523-5533. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2891

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title = "K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf",

abstract = "We report the discovery in K2's Campaign 10 of a transiting terrestrial planet in an ultrashort- period orbit around an M3-dwarf. K2-137 b completes an orbit in only 4.3 h, the second shortest orbital period of any known planet, just 4 min longer than that of KOI 1843.03, which also orbits an M-dwarf. Using a combination of archival images, adaptive optics imaging, radial velocity measurements, and light-curve modelling, we show that no plausible eclipsing binary scenario can explain the K2 light curve, and thus confirm the planetary nature of the system. The planet, whose radius we determine to be 0.89 ± 0.09 R⊕, and which must have an iron mass fraction greater than 0.45, orbits a star of mass 0.463 ± 0.052 M⊙ and radius 0.442 ± 0.044 R⊙.",

keywords = "Planets and satellites: detection, Planets and satellites: individual: K2-137 b",

author = "Smith, {A. M.S.} and J. Cabrera and Sz Csizmadia and F. Dai and D. Gandolfi and T. Hirano and Winn, {J. N.} and S. Albrecht and R. Alonso and G. Antoniciello and O. Barrag{\'a}n and H. Deeg and Ph Eigm{\"u}ller and M. Endl and A. Erikson and M. Fridlund and A. Fukui and S. Grziwa and Guenther, {E. W.} and Hatzes, {A. P.} and D. Hidalgo and Howard, {A. W.} and H. Isaacson and J. Korth and M. Kuzuhara and J. Livingston and N. Narita and D. Nespral and G. Nowak and E. Palle and M. P{\"a}tzold and Persson, {C. M.} and E. Petigura and J. Prieto-Arranz and H. Rauer and I. Ribas and {Van Eylen}, V.",

note = "Publisher Copyright: {\textcopyright} 2018 The Author(s).",

year = "2018",

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doi = "10.1093/mnras/stx2891",

language = "English (US)",

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Smith, AMS, Cabrera, J, Csizmadia, S, Dai, F, Gandolfi, D, Hirano, T, Winn, JN, Albrecht, S, Alonso, R, Antoniciello, G, Barragán, O, Deeg, H, Eigmüller, P, Endl, M, Erikson, A, Fridlund, M, Fukui, A, Grziwa, S, Guenther, EW, Hatzes, AP, Hidalgo, D, Howard, AW, Isaacson, H, Korth, J, Kuzuhara, M, Livingston, J, Narita, N, Nespral, D, Nowak, G, Palle, E, Pätzold, M, Persson, CM, Petigura, E, Prieto-Arranz, J, Rauer, H, Ribas, I & Van Eylen, V 2018, 'K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf', Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 474, no. 4, pp. 5523-5533. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stx2891

TY - JOUR

T1 - K2-137 b

T2 - An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf

AU - Smith, A. M.S.

AU - Cabrera, J.

AU - Csizmadia, Sz

AU - Dai, F.

AU - Gandolfi, D.

AU - Hirano, T.

AU - Winn, J. N.

AU - Albrecht, S.

AU - Alonso, R.

AU - Antoniciello, G.

AU - Barragán, O.

AU - Deeg, H.

AU - Eigmüller, Ph

AU - Endl, M.

AU - Erikson, A.

AU - Fridlund, M.

AU - Fukui, A.

AU - Grziwa, S.

AU - Guenther, E. W.

AU - Hatzes, A. P.

AU - Hidalgo, D.

AU - Howard, A. W.

AU - Isaacson, H.

AU - Korth, J.

AU - Kuzuhara, M.

AU - Livingston, J.

AU - Narita, N.

AU - Nespral, D.

AU - Nowak, G.

AU - Palle, E.

AU - Pätzold, M.

AU - Persson, C. M.

AU - Petigura, E.

AU - Prieto-Arranz, J.

AU - Rauer, H.

AU - Ribas, I.

AU - Van Eylen, V.

PY - 2018/3/1

Y1 - 2018/3/1

N2 - We report the discovery in K2's Campaign 10 of a transiting terrestrial planet in an ultrashort- period orbit around an M3-dwarf. K2-137 b completes an orbit in only 4.3 h, the second shortest orbital period of any known planet, just 4 min longer than that of KOI 1843.03, which also orbits an M-dwarf. Using a combination of archival images, adaptive optics imaging, radial velocity measurements, and light-curve modelling, we show that no plausible eclipsing binary scenario can explain the K2 light curve, and thus confirm the planetary nature of the system. The planet, whose radius we determine to be 0.89 ± 0.09 R⊕, and which must have an iron mass fraction greater than 0.45, orbits a star of mass 0.463 ± 0.052 M⊙ and radius 0.442 ± 0.044 R⊙.

AB - We report the discovery in K2's Campaign 10 of a transiting terrestrial planet in an ultrashort- period orbit around an M3-dwarf. K2-137 b completes an orbit in only 4.3 h, the second shortest orbital period of any known planet, just 4 min longer than that of KOI 1843.03, which also orbits an M-dwarf. Using a combination of archival images, adaptive optics imaging, radial velocity measurements, and light-curve modelling, we show that no plausible eclipsing binary scenario can explain the K2 light curve, and thus confirm the planetary nature of the system. The planet, whose radius we determine to be 0.89 ± 0.09 R⊕, and which must have an iron mass fraction greater than 0.45, orbits a star of mass 0.463 ± 0.052 M⊙ and radius 0.442 ± 0.044 R⊙.

KW - Planets and satellites: detection

KW - Planets and satellites: individual: K2-137 b

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U2 - 10.1093/mnras/stx2891

DO - 10.1093/mnras/stx2891

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85042641224

SN - 0035-8711

VL - 474

SP - 5523

EP - 5533

JO - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

JF - Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society

IS - 4

ER -

K2-137 b: An Earth-sized planet in a 4.3-h orbit around an M-dwarf

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