Engineering & Materials Science
Desalination
100%
Chemical analysis
55%
Ions
45%
Membranes
41%
Saline water
32%
Positive ions
30%
Wastewater
26%
Anodes
23%
Ion exchange membranes
20%
Radiation counters
19%
Membrane fouling
18%
Negative ions
16%
Biological materials
16%
Fouling
13%
Bacteria
13%
Electrons
12%
Cathodes
12%
Oxidation
10%
Characterization (materials science)
10%
Power generation
10%
Medicine & Life Sciences
Ions
57%
Saline Waters
51%
Membranes
51%
Electrodes
44%
Waste Water
44%
Cations
34%
Water Purification
23%
Ion Exchange
23%
Ion Transport
20%
Anions
18%
Membrane Potentials
16%
Electrons
13%
Bacteria
11%
Physics & Astronomy
membranes
62%
cells
46%
ions
40%
fouling
39%
scaling
29%
cations
24%
cell anodes
21%
water
16%
bacteria
15%
anions
13%
performance
12%
counters
12%
anodes
12%
cathodes
11%
oxidation
10%
characterization
7%
electrons
6%
interactions
5%
Chemical Compounds
Wastewater
19%
Ion
19%
Ion Exchange Membrane
15%
Membrane Potential
13%
Organic Matter
13%
Cation Exchange
11%
Counterion
11%
Anode
8%
Anion
7%
Cation
7%
Electron Particle
6%
Oxidation Reaction
5%
pH Value
5%
Surface
3%