TY - JOUR
T1 - Introduction to black hole thermodynamics
AU - Witten, Edward
N1 - Publisher Copyright:
© The Author(s), under exclusive licence to Società Italiana di Fisica and Springer-Verlag GmbH Germany, part of Springer Nature 2025.
PY - 2025/5
Y1 - 2025/5
N2 - These notes aim to provide an introduction to the basics of black hole thermodynamics. After explaining Bekenstein’s original proposal that black holes have entropy, we discuss Hawking’s discovery of black hole radiation, its analog for Rindler space in the Unruh effect, the Euclidean approach to black hole thermodynamics, some basics about von Neumann entropy and its applications, the Ryu–Takayanagi formula, and the nature of a white hole.
AB - These notes aim to provide an introduction to the basics of black hole thermodynamics. After explaining Bekenstein’s original proposal that black holes have entropy, we discuss Hawking’s discovery of black hole radiation, its analog for Rindler space in the Unruh effect, the Euclidean approach to black hole thermodynamics, some basics about von Neumann entropy and its applications, the Ryu–Takayanagi formula, and the nature of a white hole.
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U2 - 10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06288-y
DO - 10.1140/epjp/s13360-025-06288-y
M3 - Review article
AN - SCOPUS:105005635191
SN - 2190-5444
VL - 140
JO - European Physical Journal Plus
JF - European Physical Journal Plus
IS - 5
M1 - 430
ER -