Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources

W. Ma; A. Abdukerim; Z. Bo; W. Chen; X. Chen; Y. Chen; C. Cheng; X. Cui; Y. Fan; D. Fang; C. Fu; M. Fu; L. Geng; K. Giboni; L. Gu; X. Guo; K. Han; C. He; S. He; D. Huang; Y. Huang; Y. Huang; Z. Huang; X. Ji; Y. Ju; S. Li; H. Liu; J. Liu; Y. Ma; Y. Mao; Y. Meng; K. Ni; J. Ning; X. Ning; X. Ren; C. Shang; L. Si; G. Shen; A. Tan; A. Wang; H. Wang; M. Wang; Q. Wang; S. Wang; W. Wang; X. Wang; Z. Wang; M. Wu; S. Wu; W. Wu; J. Xia; M. Xiao; P. Xie; B. Yan; J. Yang; Y. Yang; C. Yu; J. Yuan; Y. Yuan; J. Yue; X. Zeng; D. Zhang; T. Zhang; L. Zhao; Q. Zheng; J. Zhou; N. Zhou; X. Zhou

doi:10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources

W. Ma, A. Abdukerim, Z. Bo, W. Chen, X. Chen, Y. Chen, C. Cheng, X. Cui, Y. Fan, D. Fang, C. Fu, M. Fu, L. Geng, K. Giboni, L. Gu, X. Guo, K. Han, C. He, S. He, D. HuangY. Huang, Y. Huang, Z. Huang, X. Ji, Y. Ju, S. Li, H. Liu, J. Liu, Y. Ma, Y. Mao, Y. Meng, K. Ni, J. Ning, X. Ning, X. Ren, C. Shang, L. Si, G. Shen, A. Tan, A. Wang, H. Wang, M. Wang, Q. Wang, S. Wang, W. Wang, X. Wang, Z. Wang, M. Wu, S. Wu, W. Wu, J. Xia, M. Xiao, P. Xie, B. Yan, J. Yang, Y. Yang, C. Yu, J. Yuan, Y. Yuan, J. Yue, X. Zeng, D. Zhang, T. Zhang, L. Zhao, Q. Zheng, J. Zhou, N. Zhou, X. Zhou

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

13 Scopus citations

Abstract

We have developed a low-energy electron recoil (ER) calibration method with ²²⁰Rn for the PandaX-II detector. ²²⁰Rn, emanated from natural thorium compounds, was fed into the detector through the xenon purification system. From 2017 to 2019, we performed three dedicated calibration campaigns with different radon sources. We studied the detector response to α, β, and γ particles with focus on low energy ER events. During the runs in 2017 and 2018, the amount of radioactivity of ²²²Rn were on the order of 1% of that of ²²⁰Rn and thorium particulate contamination was negligible, especially in 2018. We also measured the background contribution from ²¹⁴Pb for the first time in PandaX-II with the help from a ²²²Rn injection. Calibration strategy with ²²⁰Rn and ²²²Rn will be implemented in the upcoming PandaX-4T experiment and can be useful for other xenon-based detectors as well.

Original language	English (US)
Article number	P12038
Journal	Journal of Instrumentation
Volume	15
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038
State	Published - Dec 31 2021
Externally published	Yes

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Instrumentation
Mathematical Physics

Keywords

Astroparticle physics
Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs Axions Etc.)
Large detector systems for particle
Noble liquid detectors (scintillation Ionization Double-phase)
Time projection Chambers (TPC)

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10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

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Ma, W., Abdukerim, A., Bo, Z., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Cheng, C., Cui, X., Fan, Y., Fang, D., Fu, C., Fu, M., Geng, L., Giboni, K., Gu, L., Guo, X., Han, K., He, C., He, S., ... Zhou, X. (2021). Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources. Journal of Instrumentation, 15(12), Article P12038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

@article{332d9317887040fd9894423db9b96b56,

title = "Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources",

abstract = "We have developed a low-energy electron recoil (ER) calibration method with 220Rn for the PandaX-II detector. 220Rn, emanated from natural thorium compounds, was fed into the detector through the xenon purification system. From 2017 to 2019, we performed three dedicated calibration campaigns with different radon sources. We studied the detector response to α, β, and γ particles with focus on low energy ER events. During the runs in 2017 and 2018, the amount of radioactivity of 222Rn were on the order of 1% of that of 220Rn and thorium particulate contamination was negligible, especially in 2018. We also measured the background contribution from 214Pb for the first time in PandaX-II with the help from a 222Rn injection. Calibration strategy with 220Rn and 222Rn will be implemented in the upcoming PandaX-4T experiment and can be useful for other xenon-based detectors as well.",

keywords = "Astroparticle physics, Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs Axions Etc.), Large detector systems for particle, Noble liquid detectors (scintillation Ionization Double-phase), Time projection Chambers (TPC)",

author = "W. Ma and A. Abdukerim and Z. Bo and W. Chen and X. Chen and Y. Chen and C. Cheng and X. Cui and Y. Fan and D. Fang and C. Fu and M. Fu and L. Geng and K. Giboni and L. Gu and X. Guo and K. Han and C. He and S. He and D. Huang and Y. Huang and Y. Huang and Z. Huang and X. Ji and Y. Ju and S. Li and H. Liu and J. Liu and Y. Ma and Y. Mao and Y. Meng and K. Ni and J. Ning and X. Ning and X. Ren and C. Shang and L. Si and G. Shen and A. Tan and A. Wang and H. Wang and M. Wang and Q. Wang and S. Wang and W. Wang and X. Wang and Z. Wang and M. Wu and S. Wu and W. Wu and J. Xia and M. Xiao and P. Xie and B. Yan and J. Yang and Y. Yang and C. Yu and J. Yuan and Y. Yuan and J. Yue and X. Zeng and D. Zhang and T. Zhang and L. Zhao and Q. Zheng and J. Zhou and N. Zhou and X. Zhou",

year = "2021",

month = dec,

day = "31",

doi = "10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038",

language = "English (US)",

volume = "15",

journal = "Journal of Instrumentation",

issn = "1748-0221",

publisher = "IOP Publishing Ltd.",

number = "12",

}

Ma, W, Abdukerim, A, Bo, Z, Chen, W, Chen, X, Chen, Y, Cheng, C, Cui, X, Fan, Y, Fang, D, Fu, C, Fu, M, Geng, L, Giboni, K, Gu, L, Guo, X, Han, K, He, C, He, S, Huang, D, Huang, Y, Huang, Y, Huang, Z, Ji, X, Ju, Y, Li, S, Liu, H, Liu, J, Ma, Y, Mao, Y, Meng, Y, Ni, K, Ning, J, Ning, X, Ren, X, Shang, C, Si, L, Shen, G, Tan, A, Wang, A, Wang, H, Wang, M, Wang, Q, Wang, S, Wang, W, Wang, X, Wang, Z, Wu, M, Wu, S, Wu, W, Xia, J, Xiao, M, Xie, P, Yan, B, Yang, J, Yang, Y, Yu, C, Yuan, J, Yuan, Y, Yue, J, Zeng, X, Zhang, D, Zhang, T, Zhao, L, Zheng, Q, Zhou, J, Zhou, N & Zhou, X 2021, 'Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources', Journal of Instrumentation, vol. 15, no. 12, P12038. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

TY - JOUR

T1 - Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources

AU - Ma, W.

AU - Abdukerim, A.

AU - Bo, Z.

AU - Chen, W.

AU - Chen, X.

AU - Chen, Y.

AU - Cheng, C.

AU - Cui, X.

AU - Fan, Y.

AU - Fang, D.

AU - Fu, C.

AU - Fu, M.

AU - Geng, L.

AU - Giboni, K.

AU - Gu, L.

AU - Guo, X.

AU - Han, K.

AU - He, C.

AU - He, S.

AU - Huang, D.

AU - Huang, Y.

AU - Huang, Z.

AU - Ji, X.

AU - Ju, Y.

AU - Li, S.

AU - Liu, H.

AU - Liu, J.

AU - Ma, Y.

AU - Mao, Y.

AU - Meng, Y.

AU - Ni, K.

AU - Ning, J.

AU - Ning, X.

AU - Ren, X.

AU - Shang, C.

AU - Si, L.

AU - Shen, G.

AU - Tan, A.

AU - Wang, A.

AU - Wang, H.

AU - Wang, M.

AU - Wang, Q.

AU - Wang, S.

AU - Wang, W.

AU - Wang, X.

AU - Wang, Z.

AU - Wu, M.

AU - Wu, S.

AU - Wu, W.

AU - Xia, J.

AU - Xiao, M.

AU - Xie, P.

AU - Yan, B.

AU - Yang, J.

AU - Yang, Y.

AU - Yu, C.

AU - Yuan, J.

AU - Yuan, Y.

AU - Yue, J.

AU - Zeng, X.

AU - Zhang, D.

AU - Zhang, T.

AU - Zhao, L.

AU - Zheng, Q.

AU - Zhou, J.

AU - Zhou, N.

AU - Zhou, X.

PY - 2021/12/31

Y1 - 2021/12/31

N2 - We have developed a low-energy electron recoil (ER) calibration method with 220Rn for the PandaX-II detector. 220Rn, emanated from natural thorium compounds, was fed into the detector through the xenon purification system. From 2017 to 2019, we performed three dedicated calibration campaigns with different radon sources. We studied the detector response to α, β, and γ particles with focus on low energy ER events. During the runs in 2017 and 2018, the amount of radioactivity of 222Rn were on the order of 1% of that of 220Rn and thorium particulate contamination was negligible, especially in 2018. We also measured the background contribution from 214Pb for the first time in PandaX-II with the help from a 222Rn injection. Calibration strategy with 220Rn and 222Rn will be implemented in the upcoming PandaX-4T experiment and can be useful for other xenon-based detectors as well.

AB - We have developed a low-energy electron recoil (ER) calibration method with 220Rn for the PandaX-II detector. 220Rn, emanated from natural thorium compounds, was fed into the detector through the xenon purification system. From 2017 to 2019, we performed three dedicated calibration campaigns with different radon sources. We studied the detector response to α, β, and γ particles with focus on low energy ER events. During the runs in 2017 and 2018, the amount of radioactivity of 222Rn were on the order of 1% of that of 220Rn and thorium particulate contamination was negligible, especially in 2018. We also measured the background contribution from 214Pb for the first time in PandaX-II with the help from a 222Rn injection. Calibration strategy with 220Rn and 222Rn will be implemented in the upcoming PandaX-4T experiment and can be useful for other xenon-based detectors as well.

KW - Astroparticle physics

KW - Dark Matter detectors (WIMPs Axions Etc.)

KW - Large detector systems for particle

KW - Noble liquid detectors (scintillation Ionization Double-phase)

KW - Time projection Chambers (TPC)

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85099788966&partnerID=8YFLogxK

UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/citedby.url?scp=85099788966&partnerID=8YFLogxK

U2 - 10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

DO - 10.1088/1748-0221/15/12/P12038

M3 - Article

AN - SCOPUS:85099788966

SN - 1748-0221

VL - 15

JO - Journal of Instrumentation

JF - Journal of Instrumentation

IS - 12

M1 - P12038

ER -

Internal calibration of the PandaX-II detector with radon gaseous sources

Abstract

All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes

Keywords

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