Abstract
Solution-processed hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) from organoammonium halide and lead halide precursors form efficacious active layers for photovoltaics, light-emitting diodes, and flexible electronics. Though solvent-solute coordination plays a critical role in HOIP crystallization, the influence of solvent choice on such interactions is poorly understood. We demonstrate Gutmann's donor number, DN, as a parameter that indicates the coordinating ability of the processing solvent with the Pb2+ center of the lead halide precursor. Low DN solvents interact weakly with the Pb2+ center, favoring instead complexation between Pb2+ and iodide and subsequent crystallization of perovskite. High DN solvents coordinate more strongly with the Pb2+ center, which in turn inhibits iodide coordination and stalls perovskite crystallization. Varying the concentration of high-DN additives in precursor solutions tunes the strength of lead-solvent interactions, allowing finer control over the crystallization and the resulting morphology of HOIP active layers.
Original language | English (US) |
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Pages (from-to) | 92-97 |
Number of pages | 6 |
Journal | ACS Energy Letters |
Volume | 3 |
Issue number | 1 |
DOIs | |
State | Published - Jan 12 2018 |
All Science Journal Classification (ASJC) codes
- Chemistry (miscellaneous)
- Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
- Fuel Technology
- Energy Engineering and Power Technology
- Materials Chemistry